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11.
Miriam J. Doyle Kathryn L. Mier Morgan S. Busby Richard D. Brodeur 《Progress in Oceanography》2002,53(2-4)
The coastal regions of the northeast Pacific support large, economically valuable fishery resources and provide nursery areas for many fish species. Over the last few decades, there have been dramatic shifts in species abundance and composition in this area. In this paper, we examine the springtime spatial patterns in the ichthyoplankton of three oceanographically different regions, the Southeast Bering Sea, the Gulf of Alaska and the U.S. West Coast. The data examined are a subset of a larger database (comprising data from cruises conducted from 1972 to 1997) that is being used to investigate spatial, seasonal and interannual patterns in ichthyoplankton of the northeast Pacific in relation to environmental conditions. Ichthyoplankton were collected during seven cruises using 60-cm bongo nets. Spatial patterns of ichthyoplankton were examined using both classification and ordination techniques. Relative Bray-Curtis dissimilarity coefficients calculated from the log10 (n+1) of abundance data were used as input to the numerical classification of species and stations. Nonmetric multidimensional scaling was also applied to the abundance data to examine geometric patterns in the data. The numerical analyses of the species abundance data sets for each cruise revealed spatial patterns in the ichthyoplankton that suggest the occurrence of geographically distinct assemblages of fish larvae in each region. For all three sampling regions, the assemblage structure is primarily related to bathymetry, and Shelf, Slope, and Deep-Water assemblages are described. This shallow to deep-water gradient in species occurrence and abundance reflects the habitat preference and spawning location of the adult fish. Another degree of complexity is superimposed on this primary assemblage structure in each region and seems to be related to local topography and the prevailing current patterns. The patterns in ichthyoplankton assemblages of the three regions in the northeast Pacific Ocean described here form the basis for future investigations of spatial and temporal patterns in the ichthyoplankton of the subarctic Pacific.Regional Index Terms: Northeast Pacific Ocean, Southeast Bering Sea, Gulf of Alaska, U.S. West Coast. 相似文献
12.
渤海、黄海、东海沉积物中矿物组合的研究 总被引:12,自引:2,他引:12
本文对黄海、渤海、东海以及长江、黄河、辽河表层沉积物中的轻、重矿物进行了研究。分析资料表明,调查区内共有三种类型的矿物:陆源矿物、自生矿物和海底火山喷发形成的火山型矿物。根据轻、重矿物组合的差异,可把调查区分成8个矿物区。其物质来源主要为黄河与长江。黄河物质主要沉积在黄海、渤海;长江物质沉积在东海陆架区,而冲绳海槽则发现有海底火山喷发物质与浊流沉积。 相似文献
13.
14.
In this paper, the data on the paleoclimatic and paleoenvironmental changes during the Holocene are presented and a discussion
is made on a 225-cm-long sediment core from Ulungur Lake, located in Northwest China. The chronology is constructed from six
AMS radiocarbon dates on the bulk organic matter. On the basis of the analysis of ostracod assemblages and the shell stable
isotopes, the core is divided into three paleoclimatic and paleoenvironmental evolution stages: 9 985–5 250 cal.aB.P. stage
is the wettest phase of the core section. The climate changed from moderate-dry to cool-wet, and then to warm-wet in turn,
and the lake level rose accordingly, showing the characteristic of a high lake level. 5 250–1 255 cal.aB.P. stage was the
driest phase of the core sediment. The climate turned from the early warm-dry to the late warm-wet and the lake level fell
and rose again. Finally, the 1 255 cal.aB.P. stage was the medium stage of the section. The temperature was low and then increased
after the 1920s and the climate was dry. The whole climatic and environmental evolution records of Lake Ulungur were not only
in agreement with the sporopollen record of the same core but also in agreement with the record of environmental changes of
adjacent areas. It responded to regional environmental changes and global abrupt climate events, following the westerly climate
change mode on 100-year-scale, primarily with cold-wet and warmdry characteristics.
__________
Translated from Quaternary Sciences, 2007, 27(3):382–391 [译自:第四纪研究] 相似文献
15.
在自然界广泛分布着烃-烃不混溶体系中捕获的流体包裹体,由于这些包裹体具有复杂的组成和相态,因此不混溶包裹体组合的判别和热力学参数的计算常常难以进行。根据烃-烃不混溶体系中两个端员组分流体包裹体室温下的相态特征和在温度-压力平面图上等容线交点显示的位置,划分成三种类型流体包裹体组合,本介绍了三种类型流体包裹体组合特征,叙述了不混溶烃-烃包裹体组合的测定和判别方法,并且阐述均一化包裹体相态方程和气-液平衡常数原理和方法与此同时列举了自然界简单的三种类型不混溶烃-烃包裹体组合的测定、判别和计算的几个实例,利用相态方程和气-液平衡常数,不但精确地计算出包裹体均一压力,并且精确地计算出流体密度和体积等热力学参数。最后,利用均一成气相和液相的两种包裹体在 p-T 平面图上等容线交点同样计算出流体包裹体组合的捕获温度和压力。 相似文献
16.
Two ordination techniques (Romaniszyn diagram, RD, and Canonical correspondence analysis, CCA) were applied to the same data set (fish assemblage composition along two Paraná river tributaries and associated environmental variables), to identify spatial community patterns and further to evaluate the performance of RD. The major patterns in these Brazilian streams were successfully revealed by both methods (i.e. clear separation of both tributaries on the basis of fish assemblage composition and environmental factors), but more complex situations may limit the application of RD in comparison with CCA. 相似文献
17.
Abstract A controversial stratigraphic section, the Taneichi Formation, is exposed along the Pacific Coast of northeastern Honshu, the main island of the Japanese Archipelago. Although most sediments of the formation have long been dated as late Cretaceous, the northern section of it has been assigned to (i) the Upper Cretaceous; (ii) the Paleogene; or (iii) the Neogene. In the present report, we present the data of palynological and sedimentological studies, showing that the northern section should be assigned to the Neogene. A more important point in the present study is that we invoke some basic principles of fluvial sedimentology to resolve this stratigraphic subject. The lignite layers full of Paleogene–Miocene dinoflagellate cysts and pollen assemblages drape over the boulder‐sized (>40 cm in diameter) clasts in the northern section. However, the layers totally consist of aggregates of small lignite chips, indicating that the lignites are allochthonous materials. The mega‐clasts with derived microfossils in the lignites are thought to have been deposited as Neogene fluvial (flood) sediments in the newly formed Japanese Archipelago. Prior to the Miocene, the northern Honshu was part of the Eurasian Plate, thus the boulder‐sized clasts cannot be envisaged as long river flood deposits along the continental Paleogene Pacific Coast. Instead, the mega‐clasts with the draping lignites were probably derived from nearby Miocene highlands in the newly born island arc. 相似文献
18.
19.
东天山北麓2000多年以来的森林线与环境变化 总被引:9,自引:3,他引:9
依据吉木萨尔县泉子街乡桦树窝子和小西沟两个剖面进行高时间分辨率的孢粉分析,结合剖面岩性特征分析、历史文献记录和碳屑鉴定,揭示了天山北麓最近2000多年以来的环境变化。2000aB.P.以前,该地植被为荒漠草原;2000-1300aB.P.(50a B.C.-650A.D.),植被为草原植被,其中1750—1400aB.P.(200—550A.D.),植被为有少量森林的草原植被,当时气候状况较今凉湿,适宜云杉生长,使得云杉林带下移,幅度可达250m左右。当时的年均气温较今低1℃而降水量较高,是新疆历史上一个相对冷湿的环境;约1300—450a B.P.(650—1500A.D.),植被为荒漠草原;4.50aB.P.年以来,植被为荒漠草原—草原。 相似文献
20.
甘肃窑街寺湾沟-炭洞沟红层孢粉组合、地质时代与生态环境 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
对窑街寺湾沟-炭洞沟红层孢粉和地层层序及时代进行了系统分析与对比研究。在该剖面中划分出2个孢粉组合:①双束松粉属-无口器粉属-杉粉属-栎粉属-瘤面海金砂孢属组合,时代为早渐新世;②双束松粉属-拟桦粉属-栎粉属-藜粉属-瘤面海金沙孢属组合,属中渐新世。研究表明:窑街寺湾沟-炭洞沟红层剖面的层位位于朱儿庄剖面之上,整个窑街地区的红层剖面属始新统-中渐新统;窑街地区始新世孢粉组合与中国东、西部地区孢粉组合相似,均发育以亚热带和暖温带植物为主的亚热带型落叶阔叶林,气候炎热;始新世晚期至早渐新世则演变为以暖温带落叶阔叶树种为主的针阔叶混交林植被,气候温暖湿润;中渐新世为暖温带落叶阔叶林,气候较温暖湿润。区域对比分析表明,从渐新世早期中国东、西部植被开始出现差异并逐渐加大,该时期也许是中国新构造运动的一个重要时期。 相似文献