稳定同位素在天然气水合物地球化学勘查中的应用简介--以"布莱克海隆"海区为例   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

陆尊礼  凌洪飞  蒋少涌  杨竞红  倪培 《海洋地质前沿》2003,19(2):28-32

介绍了国外在布莱克海隆（包括ODP164航次994、995、997站位）进行天然气水合物勘查过程中应用稳定同位素的研究实例；通过对这3个站位样品的甲烷、CO2、DIC（dissolved inorganic carbon)、有机碳以及自生碳酸盐的δ^13C分析，指出浅部（0－30m)甲烷和DIC的δ^13C值随深度迅速降低又迅速升高的变化可以作为天然气水合物存在的地球化学指标。994站位孔隙水δ^18O值深度从0.30‰下降到-0.37‰；氢同位素δD随深度略有下降（从11‰到-12‰），这与水合物形成时氢氧重同位素相对富集于固相有关，表明天然气水合物的存在。997站位δ^37Cl从海底沉积物表层以下30m处为接近海水的最大值0，至钻孔底746.85m处降为-3.68‰，可能也与天然气水合物的形成有关。  相似文献   

细菌、病毒与浮游植物相互关系及其对海洋地球化学循环的作用   总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9  

周玉航  潘建明  叶瑛  周怀阳 《台湾海峡》2001,20(3):340-345

本文综述了近年来国内外在海洋地球化学循环，特别是微生物环研究方面的发展现状，探讨了浮游植物，细菌，病毒相互之间的关系及其对海洋地球化学循环的影响。  相似文献   

西菲律宾海沉积物铁族元素地球化学   总被引：5，自引：1，他引：5  

石学法  陈丽蓉 《海洋地质与第四纪地质》1993,13(1):73-84

本文对取自西菲律宾海区的三个柱状沉积物岩芯的铁族元素地球化学行为进行了系统的研究。从元素的含量及剖面变化、元素的相关性及组合特征,铁族元素与主元素的关系以及元素的赋存状态等方面探讨了物质来源、沉积作用和古气候,并据此进行了地层划分。沉积物有4种来源:海底火山源、生物源、自生源和陆源。海底火山物质提供了较多的铁族元素,相形之下,自生沉积作用较弱。元素地层学研究表明,在全新世温暖期和晚更新世寒冷期铁族元素表现出不同的地球化学行为,尤以Mn和亲生物(Ca)元素对气候的反映灵敏。WP_2孔和WP_(40)孔铁族元素特征相似,与WP_1孔差别较大。  相似文献   

ENSO对天目山柳杉树轮同位素的影响   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8  

陈宝君  钱君龙  濮培民 《海洋地质与第四纪地质》2002,22(4):53-58

在Nin↑～o3,4区SST序列和Jones等的SOI序列基础上，通过主分量分析方法建立了一个ENSO指数序列。并与根据天目山柳杉树轮碳，氢同位素组成比所建立的树轮指数序列进行相关分析。结果表明，天目山树轮指数与ENSO指数有很好的相关性，尤其与前2年的ENSO指数相关显著。说明ENSO对该地区树木的生长和同位素的分馏有影响，也说明天目山地区的树木年轮对于ENSO事件具有一定的记录能力。  相似文献   

Retention of arsenic and phosphorus in iron-rich concretions of Tagus salt marshes   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Miguel Caetano  Carlos Vale 《Marine Chemistry》2002,79(3-4)

Iron-rich concretions are frequently found around plant roots in Tagus estuary (Portugal) where radial delivery of O₂ takes place. Salt marsh sediments exhibit cracks that are an additional feature to introduce O₂ and other solutes in the upper sediments. Metal concentrations in salt marsh sediments are clearly above the background levels reflecting the anthropogenic sources from a large city with 2.5 million inhabitants, and several industrial centres. In order to evaluate how both oxidised structures influences the redistribution of redox sensitive elements in salt marsh sediments, concretions were collected from roots of Halimione portucaloides below the oxygenated zone. These tubular cylindrical structures were analysed for Fe, Al, Mn, As, and P along 1-cm radial transect in a millimetre scale from the inner part to the adjacent anoxic sediment. In addition, oxidised cracks were analysed for the same spatial resolution, from the sediment–water interface to anoxic layers (2-cm transept). The parallelism between Fe, As, and P concentrations at this microscale is the most noticeable aspect. Iron and As presented very high concentrations in the 4-mm concretions (3.4 mmol g⁻¹ and 3.1 μmol g⁻¹, respectively) and decreased sharply to the host sediment. Oxygen released from roots oxidise the solid sulphides, and the reduced Fe and As are transported towards the root by both diffusion and pore water flow associated with the root water uptake. Subsequently, Fe(III) precipitates and As is retained by sorption and/or coprecipitation. These elements are also enriched in the first 2-mm of oxidised cracks, but in lower concentrations (50% and 30%, respectively). Manganese concentrations in concretions were low (11.8 μmol g⁻¹), indicating that Fe dominates the sediment chemistry. Phosphorus and iron concentrations in the ascorbate fraction were higher in the oxidising surfaces of concretions (10.7 μmol g⁻¹ and 1.6 mmol g⁻¹, respectively) and of cracks (5.1 μmol g⁻¹ and 0.47 mmol g⁻¹). The parallelism of Fe and As distributions includes not only their similar redox chemistries, but also that to phosphate, including control by coprecipitation of the host iron phases. The mechanisms involved in the mobilisation of As and P are however different, whereas As comes from the oxidation of iron sulphides; dissolved P derives from reduction of ferri-hydroxide phases.  相似文献   

珠江口河流输沙、河口沉积与粒度信息之间的联系   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

贾建军  高抒  高建华  潘少明  王爱军 《海洋科学进展》2005,23(3):297-304

河口三角洲地区泥沙供应充分，是现代沉积速率较高的区域。快速沉积的泥沙包含高分辨率的环境信息。采用放射性同位素测年方法研究了珠江口伶仃洋大铲湾海域6个柱样的现代沉积速率，以2mm的间隔分析了其中2个柱样上部的粒度，并对其平均粒径和珠江流域的年输沙量进行了快速傅里叶变换，以期获取河流泥沙供应、河口沉积速率和沉积物垂向粒度变化的对应关系。结果表明，大铲湾海域的沉积速率为1～3cm／a，受动力条件和泥沙供应条件的影响显著。2个柱样的平均粒径的最显著重现周期与珠江年输沙量的周期性有较好的对应关系，并可能反映了季节的、年的和多年的沉积速率信息。对于每年沉积厚度在厘米级的环境，以毫米级的高分辨率进行粒度分析，有可能揭示出沉积物供应的季节变化和年际变化。本研究亦可为其他河口的相关工作提供借鉴。  相似文献   

A Stable Carbon Isotope Study of the Food-web in a Freshwater-deprived South African Estuary, with Particular Emphasis on the Ichthyofauna   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

A.W. Paterson  A.K. Whitfield 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》1997,45(6):705-715

The importance of macrophytes as food sources for estuarine nekton is unclear. Previous carbon isotope investigations in the macrophyte-dominated, freshwater-deprived Kariega Estuary showed that the bivalveSolen cylindraceusdid not utilize the dominant estuarine macrophytes found within the estuary as a primary food source. This finding prompted questions as to what the nekton of this estuary utilize as primary energy sources. δ¹³C analyses of the principal autochthonous and allochthonous primary carbon sources, as well as the dominant invertebrate and fish species, indicate that there are two main carbon pathways within the Kariega Estuary. The littoral community, which incorporates the majority of crustaceans, gobies, mullet and a sparid, utilizes δ¹³C enriched primary food sources namelySpartina maritima,Zosteracapensis and epiphytes. The channel fauna, which includes the zooplankton, zooplanktivorous and piscivorous fish, utilizes a primary food source depleted in δ¹³C, which is most likely a mixture of phytoplankton, terrestrial plant debris and C₄macrophyte detritus. The C₃saltmarsh macrophytesSarcocornia perennisandChenolea diffusa, as well as benthic microalgae, appear to be less important as primary food sources to the nekton of the Kariega Estuary.  相似文献   

Advances in the Study of Geochemistry and Paleo-oceanography of the Co-rich Crust     

Cai Yihua  HUANG Yipu 《海洋通报(英文版)》2002,4(2)

The current advances in the study of geochemistry and paleo-oceanography of the Co-rich crust are reviewed in this paper. We summarize the study of geochemistry of the Co-rich crust, discuss the diffusion of elements in the Co-rich crust and the exchange with ambient seawater. Besides, we discuss the effect of phosphatization and substrate rocks on the composition of the Co-rich crust. We also introduce the application of stable isotopes (including the stable isotopes of Pb, Nd, and Hf), radioactive isotopes (including the radioactive isotopes of Be, U and Th), and elements (including the major elements, minor elements and rare earth elements) to the study of paleo-oceanography of the Co-rich crust.  相似文献   

东太平洋沉积物U的地球化学   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

刘季花  梁宏锋 《海洋地质与第四纪地质》1996,16(1):59-67

本文对地矿部“海洋四号”科学考察船１９８７－１９８９年在东赤道太平洋ＣＣ区所取得的２７个深海表层沉积样品进行Ｕ的地球化学分析，探讨了Ｕ在深海沉积中的地球化学行为，结果表明，不同类型沉积的Ｕ含量不同，平均值由大至小的次序的含沸石粘土（２．１６×１０＾－６），硅质粘土（１．９５×１０＾－６），硅质软泥（１．６５×１０＾－６），钙质硅质粘土（１．５９×１０＾－６），在同类型沉积中Ｕ的分散性较大；Ｕ在区域  相似文献   

太平洋三海区热液烟囱物的氧同位素特征及形成温度     

WU Shi ying  LIU Yan guang  ZHANG Dao jian  BAI Li ming  WU Jun rui 《海洋科学进展》2001,(3)

使用氧同位素方法 ,测试了西太平洋马里亚纳岛弧、马里亚纳海槽、冲绳海槽和东太平洋加拉帕戈斯裂谷的海底热液烟囱和硫化物全岩样品。结果表明 :马里亚纳岛弧上的埃斯梅拉尔达破火山口的热液硫化物的形成温度最高 (达 2 75℃ ) ,而成为高温产物的代表 ;冲绳海槽和加拉帕戈斯裂谷烟囱 ,表现为中高温类型 ,其氧同位素温度在 1 5 0℃左右 ;马里亚纳海槽以蛋白石为主要矿物的烟囱物 ,则显示出典型的低温热液类型 ,少量黄铁矿砂试样则表现出中温类型特征。但上述区域大都不同程度地存在有闪锌矿、黄铁矿、黄铜矿等中高温热液矿物 ,说明研究区除马里亚纳海槽明显有中低温热液活动类型外 ,其它区域皆具备中高温热液活动特征  相似文献