坑式钢管静压桩在地基加固中的应用     

周军怀  李向阳  柴卓 《探矿工程》2018,45(11):56-59

坑式钢管静压桩是解决既有建筑物因软弱土层地基产生沉降变形的一种技术方法。针对山西北化关铝化工有限公司质检楼地基沉降变形及工程地质条件,提出了采用坑式钢管静压桩进行加固处理的设计方案,介绍了坑式钢管静压桩施工方案和施工流程及注意事项;总结了施工过程中遇到的问题,并对施工后的监测数据进行了分析。结果表明,坑式钢管静压桩施工对软弱地基加固效果良好,可成功地解决软弱土层产生的地基沉降开裂问题。  相似文献   

软岩隧道中双层初期支护的应力情况分析     

姚正源 《探矿工程》2018,45(7):73-76

两水隧道穿越的地层主要岩性为炭质千枚岩,地质情况较差,围岩破碎度高,节理发育。自2009年两水隧道开工建设以来,隧道工程问题层出不穷,出现了初期支护开裂、破坏,甚至出现二衬开裂、掉块,仰拱隆起等严重的隧道结构破坏现象,施工进度缓慢。在进口桩号为DK359+712～ DK359+742段采用双层初期支护和单层二次衬砌的支护方式,取得了良好的效果。通过应力情况分析为炭质千枚岩隧道的支护选型提供了依据。  相似文献   

护坡桩+微型钢管桩复合土钉墙联合支护体系研究应用          下载免费PDF全文

孙剑  范民浩  李鑫 《探矿工程》2021,48(10):116-124

本文提出了一种新的联合支护体系——护坡桩+微型钢管桩复合土钉墙支护体系,成功解决了基坑周边无放坡空间需垂直开挖、基坑深度大、要求位移小、支护费用高等技术难题,做到了施工便利,对控制边坡位移变形、增强边坡整体稳定性、保证在基坑开挖工程中不发生对周围环境的影响具有良好的作用。采用这种支护方式对北京一工程进行设计施工探讨,经工后监测效果良好,大大地提高了边坡的安全稳定性,从而验证了这一支护形式的可行性,其在深基坑支护中具有常规土钉墙和护坡桩无法相比的技术与经济优势,可供其他类似工程参考,具有较高的适用推广价值。  相似文献   

进口爆破孔钻机配套钻塔的研制          下载免费PDF全文

张西坤  宋秋锋  申寿长  刘大仲  浦静怡  曹继玉  魏少军 《探矿工程》2021,48(6):80-86

进口DMH90型爆破孔钻机配套钻塔整体性强,起落塔快捷方便,钻塔高度满足不换杆一次成孔,即钻塔有效高度略大于钻孔深度,承受振动冲击力大,施工工作环境恶劣。基于这些特点和难点,爆破塔长期依赖进口,导致成本增高、周期加长,为此进行了进口DMH90型爆破孔钻机配套钻塔的替代进口研究工作。本文介绍了DMH90型爆破孔钻机配套ZT27-45型爆破孔钻塔的研制过程,主要对ZT27-45型爆破孔钻塔的设计要点、结构型式、塔体选材、焊接工艺、防止变形、消除应力、质量检验等方面进行了探索、试验和总结。生产施工实践表明,ZT27-45型钻塔制造质量达到了设计要求,满足爆破孔施工的需要,实现了替代进口,达到了降低成本、缩短工期和提高机械性能的目的。  相似文献   

基于优化经验模态分解和聚类分析的滑坡位移智能预测研究     

张凯  张科  保瑞  刘享华  齐飞飞 《岩土力学》2021,(1):211-223

针对三峡库区"阶跃式"滑坡的变形特征,提出了一种新的滑坡位移预测方法。以白水河滑坡ZG118和XD-01监测点位移数据为例,采用基于软筛分停止准则的经验模态分解(SSSC-EMD)将累计位移-时间曲线和影响因子时间序列自适应地分解为多个固有模态函数(IMF),并采用K均值(K-Means)聚类法对其进行聚类累加,得到有物理含义的位移分量(趋势性位移、周期性位移以及随机性位移)和影响因子分量(高频影响因子和低频影响因子)。使用最小二乘法对趋势性位移进行拟合预测;采用果蝇优化-最小二乘支持向量机(FOA-LSSVM)模型对周期性位移和随机性位移进行预测。将各位移分量预测值进行叠加处理,实现滑坡累计位移的预测。研究结果表明,所提出的(SSSC-EMD)-K-Means-(FOA-LSSVM)模型能够预测"阶跃式"滑坡的位移变化规律,且预测精度高于传统的支持向量机回归(SVR)、最小二乘支持向量机(LSSVM)模型;并通过改变训练集长度,进行单因素分析,发现其与预测精度之间呈正相关关系。  相似文献   

基于多源遥感影像的长春市城市建成区提取     

王博帅  蒲东川  李婷婷  牛雪峰 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2021,51(4):1284-1294

夜光遥感影像记录的城市灯光与人类活动密切相关,已广泛应用于城市信息提取。珞珈一号作为新一代夜光遥感数据源,比以往的夜光数据具有更高的空间分辨率和光谱分辨率,可以更清晰地表达城市建成区范围和内部结构。本文利用珞珈一号夜光遥感影像,通过人类居住指数（human settlement index, HSI）、植被覆盖和建筑共同校正的城市夜光指数（vegetation and build adjusted nighttime light urban index, VBANUI）及支持向量机（support vector machine, SVM）监督分类3种方法对长春市城市建成区进行提取,并与利用NPP/VIIRS（suomi national polar-orbiting partnership/visible infrared imaging radiometer suite）夜光遥感影像、采用同样方法得到的结果对比。结果显示：本文提出的VBANUI提高了传统植被覆盖校正的城市夜光指数（vegetation adjusted nighttime light urban index, VANUI）的提取精度,使用珞珈一号夜光遥感影像通过VBANUI提取的城市建成区结果最优,其Kappa系数为0.80,总体分类精度为90.74%;使用珞珈一号和NPP/VIIRS夜光遥感影像通过HSI按最佳阈值提取城市建成区的Kappa系数分别为0.75和0.72,总体分类精度分别为88.27%和86.54%;复合数据的SVM监督分类法中Landsat-NDBI、Landsat-NDBI-VIIRS、Landsat-NDBI-LJ和Landsat-NDBI-LJlog的Kappa系数分别为0.602、0.627、0.643和0.681,总体分类精度分别为81.11%、81.52%、82.25%和84.48%。研究结果表明：3种提取方法下,均为使用珞珈一号夜光遥感影像的结果优于使用NPP/VIIRS夜光遥感影像的结果,证明相比于NPP/VIIRS夜光遥感影像,珞珈一号夜光遥感影像更适用于城市尺度的建成区范围提取。  相似文献   

Perceived fairness and public acceptability of carbon pricing: a review of the literature     

Sara Maestre-Andrés  Stefan Drews  Jeroen van den Bergh 《Climate Policy》2019,19(9):1186-1204

While carbon pricing is widely seen as a crucial element of climate policy and has been implemented in many countries, it also has met with strong resistance. We provide a comprehensive overview of public perceptions of the fairness of carbon pricing and how these affect policy acceptability. To this end, we review evidence from empirical studies on how individuals judge personal, distributional and procedural aspects of carbon taxes and cap-and-trade. In addition, we examine preferences for particular redistributive and other uses of revenues generated by carbon pricing and their role in instrument acceptability. Our results indicate a high concern over distributional effects, particularly in relation to policy impacts on poor people, in turn reducing policy acceptability. In addition, people show little trust in the capacities of governments to put the revenues of carbon pricing to good use. Somewhat surprisingly, most studies do not indicate clear public preferences for using revenues to ensure fairer policy outcomes, notably by reducing its regressive effects. Instead, many people prefer using revenues for ‘environmental projects’ of various kinds. We end by providing recommendations for improving public acceptability of carbon pricing. One suggestion to increase policy acceptability is combining the redistribution of revenue to vulnerable groups with the funding for environmental projects, such as on renewable energy.

Key policy insights

• If people perceive carbon pricing instruments as fair, this increases policy acceptability and support.

• People’s satisfaction with information provided by the government about the policy instrument increases acceptability.

• While people express high concern over uneven distribution of the policy burden, they often prefer using carbon pricing revenues for environmental projects instead of compensation for inequitable outcomes.

• Recent studies find that people’s preferences shift to using revenues for making policy fairer if they better understand the functioning of carbon pricing, notably that relatively high prices of CO₂-intensive goods and services reduce their consumption.

• Combining the redistribution of revenue to support both vulnerable groups and environmental projects, such as on renewable energy, seems to most increase policy acceptability.

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面向带电作业的手臂末端输出力评估方法     

林子  熊鹏文  何孔飞  张发辉 《南京气象学院学报》2019,11(2):186-191

为了解决带电作业时手臂末端输出力的准确控制,提出一种基于表面肌电信号（sEMG信号）和支持向量机回归（SVR）实现对手臂末端施力的评估方法.通过手握机械手臂末端的手柄,做往复推拉运动,记录此时手柄处的力传感器的数据F,同时利用3组肌电信号传感器同步采集手臂的肌电信号.将肌电信号提取特征后,与力F组合成样本集合S,在样本集合中随机抽取50%的样本数据作为训练集,分别训练BP神经网络、GRNN神经网络以及SVR神经网络.最后用训练好的神经网络对整个样本集中的力F进行预测,并用均方根误差和相关系数评估模型的预测效果.结果显示,SVR神经网络的预测效果较好,其均方根误差为3.074 0,相关系数为0.951 7.  相似文献   

Influence of longwall support on the occurrence of roof cavities     

A. Vervoort 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》1988,6(4):313-326

Summary The forming of roof cavities in longwall faces is a complicated process. A likely explanation for this process is the presence of relaxed zones in the first beds of the roof above and ahead of the support. If existing or potential fissures are allowed to open through insufficient constraint, the block of roof delimited by these fissures will collapse. An increasing unsupported distance, an increasing distance between the face and the first row of legs, a lower vertical bearing force and a lower support pressure on the roof will increase the extent of the relaxed zones. These effects are investigated through underground observations and numerical modelling.Supplementary to this local influence, there is also a spatial relation between the support characteristics of one element in one coal step and the occurrence of fall outs in the roof uncovered by the next coal steps (3 on average) and above the neighbourhood elements (2 to 4 on average). It is probable that, once a cavity is formed, it is extended easily (in the two directions), until appropriate measures are taken.  相似文献   

Support and strata interaction at coal faces     

Ke-Bin Zhang 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》1988,6(1):85-88

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