基于矢量网络分析仪的低频探地雷达系统野外实验及结果分析     

YAO Jian ZENG Zhao-fa HUANG Ling ZHANG Dai-guo College of GeoExploration Science  Technology  Jilin University  Changchun    China 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2006,(Z2)

系统地介绍了基于矢量网络分析仪的步进频率探地雷达系统的基本原理及组成,同时采用该系统进行了野外勘探实验.通过对实验结果进行分析表明,低频探地雷达系统适合野外应用并具有准确的探测结果。  相似文献   

基坑开挖对邻近不同刚度建筑物影响的三维有限元分析   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

李志伟  郑刚 《岩土力学》2013,34(6):1807-1814

受各种因素的影响,基坑邻近建筑物的刚度差异显著。为了解基坑开挖对邻近不同刚度建筑物的影响,在考虑土体小应变刚度行为的基础上,对基坑邻近不同刚度建筑物的变形展开精细化分析。算例结果表明:对于任意刚度的建筑物,当其跨越坑外沉降槽最低点以及上凸曲率最大点时,墙体所产生的拉应变最为显著,即此时对于任意刚度的建筑物来说,均为最为不利位置。随着建筑物刚度的增大,墙体挠度值与拉应变值呈对数曲线下降。当建筑物整体刚度较差时,其墙体拉应变更主要取决于坑外沉降幅度,而受自身刚度影响较小。当建筑物刚度较大时,在基坑变形的影响下,建筑物更主要表现为刚体运动,而自身内部变形则相对较小。  相似文献   

盾构下穿非连续管线变形特性及预测方法研究     

史江伟  范燕波  裴伟伟  陈永辉  张显 《岩土力学》2021,(1):143-150

城市地下管线采用承插式接口连接,管线结构的连续性与否取决于接口刚度。然而,现有研究大都假定地下管线为连续结构,忽略了接口转角对管线变形的影响。开展土工离心模型试验和两阶段有限元参数分析,系统研究了盾构下穿不同接口刚度管线的变形特性。发现非连续管线的薄弱接口导致其整体抗弯刚度明显小于连续管线,且接口转动导致非连续管线具有更好的与土体协调变形能力。因此,盾构下穿施工引起的非连续管线沉降明显大于连续管线。非连续管的结构连续性假定将大大低估管线沉降。盾构下穿引起的接口转角与地层损失呈线性关系。基于系统的有限元参数分析,建立了区分相对刚性、柔性管线的无量纲组。针对相对刚性、柔性的非连续管线,分别建立了管节相对长度、管-土相对刚度与接口转角的预测方法,利用离心模型试验结果验证了预测方法的合理性。新方法能有效地预测盾构穿越地下管线的接口转角,研究成果可应用于城市地下管网改造工程。  相似文献   

一种改进的人工鱼群聚类算法     

李小培  张洪伟  邹书蓉 《成都信息工程学院学报》2014,29(5):485-490

为了克服K-Means算法对初始类簇中心、噪声点、孤立点敏感缺点,将K-Means算法和人工鱼群算法结合,提出了改进的人工鱼群聚类算法。在该算法中将类簇中心看作一条人工鱼,让每条人工鱼执行随机、觅食、聚群、追尾行为中的一种,并将更新后的位置作为K-Means算法的初始值,不断重复人工鱼的位置更新和K-Means操作,直到算法结束。由于在算法中加入了动态移动步长和全局人最优人工鱼位置,聚类的收敛精度和速度都得到提高。使用iris和glass数据集进行聚类时,与其他算法相比,文中的收敛时间缩短2.6%,精度提高1.36%。  相似文献   

Evaluating channel response to an extreme sedimentation event in the context of historical range of variability: Upper Colorado River,USA   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Sara L. Rathburn  Zan K. Rubin  Ellen E. Wohl 《地球表面变化过程与地形》2013,38(4):391-406

In May 2003, a breach in a large irrigation ditch within Rocky Mountain National Park (RMNP) initiated a debris flow that entered Lulu Creek and the Colorado River, where 36 000 m³ of sediment substantially altered channel forms and processes. We present a proof of concept to understand whether the 2003 disturbance is within the historical range of variability (HRV), and whether the recovery potential of the system is sufficient to adapt to the disturbance. Flow and sediment regimes, and channel morphology and stability were monitored on Lulu Creek and the Colorado River from 2004 to 2011. Dominant channel response following the debris flow within Lulu Creek included step development, bed armoring, and channel widening. Step height‐to‐length ratios (H/L) for three reaches on Lulu Creek are outside the HRV of reference channels, with one reach approaching reference conditions. Erosion of approximately 23% of the debris fan volume occurred as a result of the long duration 2011 peak flow. Sediment within the Lulu Creek fan will persist for ~30–190 years, assuming current maximum and mean removal rates. Planform changes on the Colorado River since the debris flow include an increase in single‐thread geometries, with braided reaches where bar deposition occurred. Bedload transport and grain‐size analysis of bedload indicate translational spreading of a sand wave front with a dispersive component in steeper reaches. Lulu Creek is returning to a condition of natural variability, but the Colorado River is outside the HRV expected for steep‐gradient, pool‐riffle channels. Applying HRV to a situation where management questions require a longer term perspective, and pre‐disturbance baseline data are limited, is a useful approach. The HRV analysis facilitates a better understanding of site variability and delineates the range of possibilities of channel form and process to achieve management goals. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Simulating sub-daily hydrological process with SWAT: a review     

Tássia Mattos Brighenti  Nadia Bernardi Bonumá  Raghavan Srinivasan  Pedro Luiz Borges Chaffe 《水文科学杂志》2013,58(12):1415-1423

ABSTRACT

The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) is a watershed-scale hydrologic model that integrates water quantity and quality modules. Despite the large amount of knowledge on the SWAT model, specific understanding of sub-daily applications remains limited. In this review, we identify the shortcomings and possible ways forward in simulating sub-daily processes with the model. A literature review was conducted, along with a participatory method based on a questionnaire. We reviewed 28 scientific articles and categorized them into: (i) model development, (ii) streamflow methods comparison, (iii) water quality, and (iv) other applications. We found that using sub-daily data improves hydrograph peak simulation, while for medium flows use of daily data was better. From all the reviewed studies, a 1-hour time step was the most suitable time scale for the sub-daily model application. The participatory questionnaire confirmed the hypothesis that the main challenge for using the sub-daily routine was the lack of high-resolution data.  相似文献   

An Unusual, Three-Dimensionally Preserved, Large Hadrosauriform Pes Track from “Mid”-Cretaceous Jiaguan Formation of Chongqing, China     

Xing Lid  Phil R. Bell  Jerald D. Harris  Philip J. Currie 《《地质学报》英文版》2012,86(2):304-312

Three-dimensional tracks provide unique insights into the locomotor mechanics of their track makers. An isolated, large hadrosauriform print attributable to Caririchnium lotus from the “mid”-Cretaceous Lotus track site (Jiaguan Formation) in China permits reconstruction of the footfall, weight-bearing, and kick-off phases of the step cycle. Large-scale modifications of the pes during the step cycle indicate C. lotus trackmakers were capable of locomotory modifications in response to substrate consistency beyond the “expected” shift between bipedal and quadrupedal postures. An unusual curvature to the trace of one of the outer digits indicates substantial transverse mobility. The remaining digits demonstrate lesser degrees of transverse movement accompanied by extension of the digits during footfall. The absence of overprinted scale-scratch marks and toe drags are consistent with a vertical kick-off of the pes and concomitant flexion of the digits. This track suggests that pedal mobility in C. lotus track makers was greater than previously suspected and has implications for reconstructions of hadrosauriform locomotion.  相似文献   

黄土边坡开挖后强度变化规律研究     

刘强  谢婉丽  温笃武 《地下水》2012,(3):208-210

在室内对52个原状土样进行卸荷条件下的直剪试验,测定不同先期固结压力下卸荷土体在不同滞留时间的抗剪强度值,试验结果表明:不同先期固结压力下原状土体卸荷后,在相同的卸荷滞留时间下卸荷后土体的抗剪强度随着先期固结压力的增大而增大;当先期固结压力为200 KPa时,土体的抗剪强度是随着滞留时间的增加而减小的,在卸荷5～7 d后强度就不再明显下降。利用试验结果以某高速公路高边坡为研究对象进行了稳定性分析。  相似文献   

斜向波对台阶地形上有限吃水半无限长弹性板的散射作用     

郭云霞  刘勇  孟珣 《海洋学报(英文版)》2016,35(7):113-121

基于线性势流理论和欧拉-伯努利梁理论,采用匹配特征函数展开法建立斜向波对台阶地形上有限吃水半无限长弹性板散射的解析解。与以往研究不同,本文同时考虑波浪入射角度、弹性板吃水、三种不同板端条件（自由板端、简支板端、固定板端）以及海底地形的影响。本文还直接将板端条件引入匹配边界条件,建立线性方程组求解速度势中的展开系数,计算过程简单、高效。计算结果表明：本文方法收敛性好,并满足能量守恒方程。将本文计算结果与文献中的特例结果进行对比,吻合良好。分析了波浪入射角度、弹性板吃水、不同板端条件以及海底地形对弹性板水动力参数的影响,研究结果可以为工程设计提供参考。  相似文献   

河床采沙挖槽的溯源冲刷影响规律          下载免费PDF全文

齐梅兰  刘茜  李金钊 《水科学进展》2016,27(6):858-866

针对长距离河段大量人工采沙、挖槽发生的河床溯源冲刷影响因素、发展规律及预测方法进行研究。考虑该问题的清水冲刷特征,建立了一维水动力学方程、河床变形和推移质输沙方程组,用TVD（Total Vartation Diminishing）性质的MUSCL-Hancock时空二阶格式和对水流、河床变形方程分别用有限体积和有限差分法进行数值求解,用水槽试验作了验证并研究了溯源冲刷规律。溯源冲刷长度在初期30%的时间内可达平衡时的80%,冲刷速率随来流强度、跌坎高度和跌水水头差明显增大。平衡溯源长度随流量的线性增长率约为0.8,随跌水高差的增长较缓,冲刷最大厚度约为跌坎高度的0.5倍。采沙挖槽河床一旦形成溯源冲刷,则发展迅速,流量和跌水高差是重要影响因素。在合理考虑输沙方程的基础上,该数值模型可用于溯源冲刷的预测,计算速度快且精度较高。  相似文献