装载硐室大孔径预应力注浆锚索加固技术研究          下载免费PDF全文

周明 《探矿工程》2013,40(8):67-69

麻家梁煤矿主井箕斗装载硐室破坏严重,现有支护强度不足。通过分析硐室破坏原因,提出采用新型大孔径预应力注浆锚索加固方案,并介绍了支护加固设计及施工技术要点。数值模拟分析及现场工业试验表明,采用大孔径预应力注浆锚索加固方案能够满足装载硐室的受力和变形要求,锚索受力合理,顶板及两帮位移得到有效控制,取得了良好的加固效果。  相似文献   

单轴加载下砂岩声发射特征的试验分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李博  孙强  王思源  蔺宗宗 《地震工程学报》2013,35(1):114-118

声发射是岩石材料发生变形破坏时所伴随的一种普遍现象.在刚性试验机上,单轴受压务件下对砂岩破坏全过程进行了声发射试验,得到了砂岩破坏过程中的应力特征与时间、应变,声发射特征与时间、应变之间的关系曲线.通过对关系曲线的研究,着重探讨了声发射特征与应变之间的关系,并用拟合的方法得到了砂岩试样的近似破坏临界点,为0.9 x0,对砂岩破坏的监测预报具有一定的理论指导作用.  相似文献   

玉树地震的地磁预测研究     

王必显  邹小波  冯红武  李健康  刘淑娟  刘鸿斌  刘小明  李东生  尹亮  李兴坚 《地震工程学报》2013,35(S1):89-97

利用玉树地震前玉树周围500 km范围内的地磁观测数据,采用地磁垂直分量加卸载响应比、地磁垂直分量日变化幅度逐日比、地磁垂直分量日变化空间相关、低点位移等方法讨论了震源区地磁场变化与地震的相关性,并发现它们之间有较好的对应关系。  相似文献   

Bidirectional loading hybrid tests of square cross‐sections of steel bridge piers     

Ji Dang  Tetsuhiko Aoki 《地震工程与结构动力学》2013,42(8):1111-1130

Steel rectangular section columns with stiffened plates are commonly used for elevated highway bridges in the urban areas of Japan. The seismic design of bridge piers is usually performed by dynamic analysis in the horizontal direction using various independent directional seismic acceleration data. However, this simple treatment does not reflect the effect of bilateral loading as a structural response to inelastic interaction. In this study, unidirectional and bidirectional loading hybrid tests were conducted to examine the seismic response and performance of square cross‐sections of steel bridge piers subjected to bidirectional seismic accelerations. Comparison of the results of unidirectional and bidirectional loading tests revealed that the maximum load is the same as the average of unidirectional loading in the NS and EW directions; however, the maximum response displacement and residual displacement increase in proportion with hard to soft ground types. Moreover, a modified seismic design is proposed considering these bidirectional loading effects. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Sediment yield variability in central Tunisia: a quantitative analysis of its controlling factors     

Imen Ayadi  Habib Abida  Yassin Djebbar  M. Raouf Mahjoub 《水文科学杂志》2013,58(3):446-458

Abstract

This paper refers to the quantification and prediction of the sedimentation rate of 26 hillside-dam reservoirs in Central Tunisia. The objectives of the study are to develop a simple and practical methodology to identify controlling factors of sedimentation, and to propose a regionalization from the study sites. Principal component analysis (PCA) and complementary multi-dimensional statistical methods are used to relate highly variable area-specific sediment yield to hydro-morphometric, lithological, geomorphological and anthropogenic characteristics of catchments. It appears that catchment area is not the main controlling factor of sedimentation in the studied area. The overall slope index, drainage network characteristics and runoff parameters are also important in characterizing sediment yield. Applied to the annual sedimentation rate series, PCA resulted in retaining the first three principal axes, explaining 65% of the total variance. Statistical methods showed that the overall slope index, the total drainage length, the compacity index and the runoff parameters are as important for the sedimentation quantification. This allowed a graphical clustering of the study zone into three distinct groups having similar behaviours: (i) watersheds characterized by high sediment transport rates and high runoff coefficients, (ii) basins distinguished by relatively low values of both flow discharge and sediment transport rates, and (iii) watersheds with an intermediate sediment yield, especially characterized by relatively high relief. In a second step, a multiple regression model including the four characteristic catchment properties was developed, presenting a valuable tool to predict area-specific sediment yield from catchments in central Tunisia. This model shows reasonable efficiency with an absolute prediction error of 81%.

Citation Ayadi, I., Abida, H., Djebbar, Y. & Mahjoub, M. R. (2010) Sediment yield variability in central Tunisia: a quantitative analysis of its controlling factors. Hydrol. Sci. J. 55(3), 446–458.  相似文献   

Using in situ hyperspectral reflectance data to distinguish nine aquatic plant species     

J.H. Everitt  C. Yang  K.R. Summy  C.S. Owens  L.M. Glomski  R.M. Smart 《国际地球制图》2013,28(6):459-473

In situ hyperspectral reflectance data were studied at 50 bands (10 nm bandwidth) over the 400–900 nm spectral range to determine their potential for distinguishing among nine aquatic plant species: American lotus [Nelumbo lutea (Willd.) Pers.], American pondweed (Potamogeton nodusus Poir.), giant duckweed [Spirodela polyrrhiza (L.) Schleid.], Mexican waterlily (Nymphaea mexicana Zucc.), white waterlily (Nymphaea odorata Aiton), spatterdock [Nuphar lutea (L.) Sm.], giant salvinia (Salvinia molesta Mitchell), waterhyacinth [Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms] and waterlettuce (Pistia stratiotes L.). The species were studied on three dates: 30 May, 1 July and 3 August 2009. All nine species were studied in July and August, while only eight species were studied in May; giant duckweed was not studied in May due to insufficient availability. Two procedures were used to determine the optimum bands for discriminating among species: multiple comparison range tests and stepwise discriminant analysis. Multiple comparison range tests results for May showed that most separations among species occurred at bands 795–865 nm in the near-infrared (NIR) spectral region where up to six species could be distinguished. For July, few species could be distinguished amongthe 50 bands; most separations occurred at the 715 nm red-NIR edge band where four species could be differentiated. The optimum bands in August occurred in the green (525–595 nm), red (605–635 nm) and red-NIR edge (695–705 nm) spectral regions where up to six species could be distinguished. Stepwise discriminant analysis identified 11 bands in the blue, green, red-NIR edge and NIR spectral regions to be significant to discriminate among the eight species in May. For July and August, stepwise discriminant analysis identified 15bands and 13 bands, respectively, from the blue to NIR regions to be significant for discriminating among the nine species.  相似文献   

基于人工蜂群算法一逐步回归模型的大坝变形监测     

梅泽宇  许青  康飞 《地震学刊》2013,(6):651-656,670

在大坝变形监测统计模型研究的基础上,针对传统大坝变形监测回归模型存在的不足,将逐步回归模型与智能优化算法相结合,提出．了一种基于人工蜂群算法一逐步回归分析的大坝变形监控模型。该模型以逐步回归方法为基础,利用相关性分析、多重共线性分析等方法对观测数据进行处理,进而对大坝回归模型的荷载集变量进行筛选和评价,并将改进的人工蜂群算法引入回归模型分析,对荷载集系数进行优化和重新评估。人工蜂群算法是一种新型的群体智能优化方法,具有全局智能性搜索、鲁棒性强等优点,将其引入大坝安全监控建模领域,同时为改进人工蜂群算法的局部搜索性能,引入了单纯形操作算子。实例分析表明,与同类模型相比,所提出模型在一定程度上改善了拟合效果,达到了简化模型、提高拟合精度和增强模型预测能力的目的。  相似文献   

Flexible substructure online hybrid test system using conventional testing devices     

Wang Tao  Masayoshi Nakashima 《地震工程与工程振动(英文版)》2013,12(3):341-350

This paper presents a substructure online hybrid test system that is extensible for geographically distributed tests.This system consists of a set of devices conventionally used for cyclic tests to load the tested substructures onto the target displacement or the target force.Due to their robustness and portability,individual sets of conventional loading devices can be transported and reconfigured to realize physical loading in geographically remote laboratories.Another appealing feature is the flexible displacement-force mixed control that is particularly suitable for specimens having large disparities in stiffness during various performance stages.To conduct a substructure online hybrid test,an extensible framework is developed,which is equipped with a generalized interface to encapsulate each substructure.Multiple tested substructures and analyzed substructures using various structural program codes can be accommodated within the single framework,simply interfaced with the boundary displacements and forces.A coordinator program is developed to keep the boundaries among all substructures compatible and equilibrated.An Internet-based data exchange scheme is also devised to transfer data among computers equipped with different software environments.A series of online hybrid tests are introduced,and the portability,flexibility,and extensibility of the online hybrid test system are demonstrated.  相似文献   

A particle mechanics approach for the dynamic strength model of the jointed rock mass considering the joint orientation     

Changtai Zhou  Chaoshui Xu  Murat Karakus  Jiayi Shen 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》2019,43(18):2797-2815

In nature, there exist several forms of anisotropy in rock masses due to the presence of bedding planes, joints, and weak layers. It is well understood that the anisotropic properties of jointed rock masses significantly affect the stability of surface and underground excavations. However, these critical anisotropic characteristics are often ignored in existing uniaxial dynamic failure criteria. This study investigates the effect of a pre-existing persistent joint on the rate-dependent mechanical behaviours of a rock mass using a particle mechanics approach, namely, bonded particle model (BPM), to realistically replicate the mechanical response of the rock mass. Firstly, in order to capture the rate-dependent response of the jointed rock mass, the BPM model is validated using published experimental data. Then, a dynamic strength model is proposed based on the Jaeger criterion and simulation results. To further investigate the dynamic behaviours, the dynamic uniaxial compressive strength (UCS) for anisotropic rock masses with various joint orientations is investigated by subjecting the BPM models to uniaxial compression numerical tests with various strain rate. The proposed dynamic strength model is validated based on numerical simulation results. Finally, the fragmentation characteristics of the jointed rock masses are analysed, which demonstrate that the failure mode affects the dynamic UCS. This is further confirmed by the analysis of the orientations of microscopic cracks generated by the compression loading.  相似文献   

Factors affecting shear modulus degradation of cement treated clay     

《Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering》2014

Cement stabilization is often used to improve the bearing capacity and compressibility of soft clays. The present paper aims to investigate the shear modulus degradation of cement treated clay during cyclic loading. A series of cyclic triaxial test was conducted on artificially cement treated marine clay to study the factors affecting the shear modulus degradation. The parameters considered for the study are cement content (2.5–7.5%), curing days (7–28), cyclic shear strain amplitude (0.3–1%), number of loading cycles (1–100) and loading frequency (0.1–0.5 Hz). As in the case of natural clays, cement treated clays exhibit stiffness degradation which depends on mix ratio, curing days and loading conditions. The results show that the shear modulus degradation decreases with increase in the shear strain amplitude, cement content and curing days. It is also noted that irrespective of the mix ratio and curing conditions, the degradation decreases with increase in loading frequency. An empirical relationship is proposed to predict the shear modulus degradation based on Idriss׳s degradation model. The performance of the proposed empirical model is validated with the present experimental results.  相似文献