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针对城市热岛效应的演化规律问题,该文以2002年7月9日湖北武汉市的Landsat遥感影像和中分辨率成像光谱仪遥感影像为研究基础,采用归一化差分植被指数,归一化建筑指数,修正后归一化水体指数分别提取了武汉市的植被区域、建筑区域、水体区域,采用密度分割方法对武汉市白天和晚上的温度进行了分区,利用改进的间隙度维数对武汉市热环境白天和晚间的分布特征进行了研究。实验结果表明:对于城市特高温区,白天比晚上的面积大而且集中;对于城市特低温区,白天比晚间面积小而且分散;为研究城市白天和夜间的热岛效应变化提供了一定的参考依据。 相似文献
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在地球大气能量收支平衡过程中,云具有特别显著的调节作用,是影响气候变化的一个非常重要因子,云的辐射特性和它的高度影响到辐射的收支可以导致地球的变暖或变冷。云顶气压是一个非常重要的云参数。目前有很多方法被用来估计云参数,而CO2薄片算法则是使用被动遥感资料反演云顶性质的重要方法之一。这项技术应用于HIRS资料上已经有20年的历史,而EOS系列地球环境卫星的升空,使EOS上搭载的MODIS探测器成为第一个拥有CO2薄片波段的高空间分辨率探测器。本文描述CO2薄片算法的理论模型和应用中的问题,结合实例进行分析,并讨论误差,以及对未来的展望。 相似文献
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以车西洼陷缓坡带车40-44块沙三上亚段为例,针对研究区浊积扇体"单期厚度难辨、纵向多期叠置,单个形态难识、横向顺势延展"的特点,在井震标定和分频解释共同确定的等时层序地层界限之内,以沉积相模式为指导,采用地震相分析与地层属性切片相结合的方法,对浊积扇体的横向展布形态和纵向演化规律进行描述和刻画,由此达到对不同期次浊积扇体进行精确识别和精细描述的目的。在研究过程中,主要形成以下几点认识:①Es31和Es34期次顶、底界限由井震结合标定,其等时性可利用分频解释技术确定;②根据地震相的分布位置及特点,发现浊积扇体均分布于同沉积断层下降盘,且"纵向叠置、横向迁移";③通过地层切片与均方根振幅属性相结合分析,刻画出不同期次浊积扇体横向上受地势影响、呈裙带状分布的规律,和纵向上自下而上扇体数量增多且连续性增强的变化规律。 相似文献
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Different combinations of stratal controls could produce identical sequence architectures. Consequently, interpretations of the stratigraphic record, for example to infer palaeo‐climate and eustatic sea‐level history, suffer from non‐uniqueness. However, variations in the multiple controls can be encapsulated through discovery of all possible solutions to an interpretation. As this paper demonstrates, a single solution can be directly transformed into an alternative solution that leaves the expected geological outcomes unaltered, which can be regarded as the existence of symmetry in the interpretation. Repetitive application of the symmetry method can therefore allow additional solutions to be rapidly derived given an existing solution. The proposed method has been adapted to a stratigraphic forward model for interpreting the Baltimore Canyon (USA) stratigraphy. Modelling results have indicated the ranges of changes in relative sea‐level, sediment supply and subaerial erosion from Oligocene to Mid‐Miocene. Using these limits, it is possible to determine what appears to be true in the palaeo‐history, even when a solution is not unique. 相似文献
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泌阳凹陷深凹区核三段发育辫状河三角洲、滑塌浊积扇及近岸水下扇砂体,受到技术方法和研究手段的限制,沉积相分布范围不明确,尤其是对滑塌浊积扇砂体不能进行详细的刻画。在地震沉积学理论指导下,首先采用提高分辨率、相位调整等技术将叠后三维资料调整到适合地震沉积学研究的最佳状态,然后利用地层切片技术,制作了展现沉积微相分布和沉积演化过程的切片数据体,最后综合分析岩心、录井、测井等资料,对典型地层切片进行沉积砂体的精细解释,预测了沉积相在时空上的展布和演变,为该凹陷寻找滑塌浊积扇等隐蔽油气藏提供了较为可靠的依据。 相似文献
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地震沉积学在D区的初步应用 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
地震沉积学是在岩性油气藏勘探开发实践过程中,继地震地层学和层序地层学之后,逐渐发展起来的一门新兴的边缘交叉学科,是层序地层学,沉积学,地震储层预测技术在岩性油气藏预测中相互渗透、相互结合的产物。这里结合实例探讨了实用地震沉积学若干关键技术,如最小等时研究单元,岩相物理分析,相控下的沉积微相分析等,为相控储层预测提供了理论和技术保证。 相似文献
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笔者在前人研究的基础上,对地震沉积学的理论、研究现状和发展趋势进行了较为全面的阐述,并对地震沉积学的关键技术问题进行了较深入的讨论。地层切片是应用沿两个等时界面间等比例内插出的一系列层面进行沉积体系和沉积相平面展布研究的技术;90°相位转换(调整)使地震相位具有了岩性地层意义,可以用于高频层序地层的解释;基于不同频率地震资料反映的地质信息的不同,采用分频段解释的方法,可使地震结果的解释更加明确。由于受地震分辨率和解释手段的限制,地震沉积学的研究目前还存在诸多问题,但是作为一门新兴学科,它已成为隐蔽油气藏勘探的一个突破口。 相似文献
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Well-exposed, vertically dipping, glacially polished outcrops of the Neoproterozoic Windermere Supergroup in the southern Canadian Cordillera include basin-floor deposits of the Upper Kaza Group overlain by slope channel complexes of the Isaac Formation. Within the 2·5 km thick Kaza and Isaac succession is an up to 360 m thick interval composed of diverse deep-water stratal elements including scour and interscour deposits, distributary channels, fine-grained turbidites, terminal splays, mass-transport deposits, erosional and levéed channels and avulsion splays, which collectively were formed during the development of an ancient passive-margin channel-lobe system. The proportion and vertical and lateral arrangement of stratal elements reveal three distinct complexes. The lower complex, consisting mostly of distributary channels and small and large scours, is interpreted to represent the detachment of lobes from an upflow levéed channel, wherein a well-developed channel-lobe transition zone was formed by efficient, siliciclastic flows during a period of sustained transport bypass and limited deposition coincident with the onset of falling relative sea level. The middle, comparatively thicker and more sandstone-rich complex, comprises distributary channel fills, fine-grained turbidites and lesser terminal splays that are interspersed with small scours, capped by a slope levéed channel filled with coarser-grained siliciclastic sediment. The abundance of basin-floor elements suggests negligible separation between the levéed channel and lobe, and therefore a poorly-developed channel-lobe transition zone, resulting from inefficient, siliciclastic-rich depositional flows that became dominant during lowstand and/or ensuing transgression. The stratal makeup of the upper complex resembles the lower detached complex, suggesting a return to efficient flows, and an abrupt change to mixed carbonate–siliciclastic sediments associated with highstand conditions. Accordingly, the stratigraphic architecture and stacking pattern of the Kaza–Isaac interval, which relate to the formation of multiple channel-lobe transition zones, were controlled by temporal changes in sediment supply and flow characteristics during the long-term progradation of the Laurentian continental margin. 相似文献