辽东隆昌地区辽河群划分及其构造样式演变     

郭进京 《国土资源》1992,(3)

从岩石组合、沉积序列、接触关系及变形变质方面分析辽东隆昌地区的辽河群是一套在沉积上连续的,并且经历了相同变形变质历史的中浅变质沉积岩系。详细的构造分析表明它经历了三期构造变形,第一期为北北西向平褶皱,第二期为北北四向斜歪褶皱,第三期为北东东向宽缓直立褶皱。  相似文献   

冈底斯山脉中段麦嘎古湖的形成演化发展与消亡          下载免费PDF全文

李建兵  江元生  朱世华  张宽忠 《沉积与特提斯地质》2004,24(4):41-45,65

麦嘎盆地属典型的山间断陷盆地,其形成演化发展又受制于盆周的断层构造活动。麦嘎古湖的形成演化发展及消亡与麦嘎盆地的发展演化紧密相连。笔者从构造和湖积物特征人手,对麦嘎古湖的形成演化发展消亡作了深入探讨,认为其受到新构造活动、古气候、河流侵蚀等自然外力的综合作用,麦嘎盆地先后经历了河流→湖沼→河流→湖沼→湖泊→湖沼→湖泊→河流的演化过程。  相似文献   

On the evolution and histology of some Cambrian protoconodonts,paraconodonts and primitive euconodonts   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

DONG Xiping Department of Geology  Peking University  Beijing  China  Laboratory of Palaeobiology & Stratigraphy  Nanjing Institute of Ge-ology  Palaeontology  Chinese Academy of Sciences  Nanjing  China 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2004,47(7):577-584

Although the history of Cambrian conodont study goes back to a century ago, it was not until 1959 that the systematic study of Cambrian conodonts was initi-ated[1]. During the last 44 years Cambrian conodonts have been well documented from all continents but Africa. However, the morphological evolution of para- conodonts and protoconodonts have been subjected to less study than the primitive euconodonts in the inter-val across the Cambrian-Ordovician boundary. Miller (1984) proposed a Weste…  相似文献   

Types,geological features and geodynamic significances of gold-copper deposits in the Kanggurtag metallogenic belt,eastern Tianshan,NW China   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

Lian-Chang?ZhangEmail author  Wen-Jiao?Xiao  Ke-Zhang?Qin  Jin-sheng?Ji  Xing-ke?Yang 《International Journal of Earth Sciences》2004,93(2):224-240

Occupying the middle of the central Asia Paleozoic accretionary and collisional orogenic belt, the eastern Tianshan area has a great economic potential due to Au-Cu mineralization during syn- and post- orogenic events. In the Kanggurtag Au-Cu metallogenic belt, three major types of gold deposits have been recognized: ductile-shear-zone-hosted gold deposits, magmatic hydrothermal gold deposits, and epithermal gold deposits. Four kinds of copper deposits have also been identified recently: the porphyry-type, the skarn-type, the magmatic type, and volcanic/sedimentary-type. Tectonically, the development of these late Paleozoic gold and copper deposits was closely associated with the subduction and collision of the ancient Tianshan ocean that intervened between the Tarim craton and the Siberian block. In the early to mid-Carboniferous, N-dipping subduction beneath the Dananhu arc generated magmatic intrusions, leading to formation of the porphyry Cu deposits. The magmatic front migrated southward to form the Yamansu arc upon the Kanggurtag accretionary wedge. In the latest Carboniferous to early Permian, during the closure of the ancient Tianshan ocean, large mafic-ultramafic complexes were emplaced, resulting in several magmatic copper-nickel deposits. Gold deposits of the shear-zone-type are controlled by the Kanggurtag ductile shear zone, which is related to collisional orogenesis. The epithermal gold deposits are associated with extensional tectonics and post-tectonic volcanic activity. The tectonic settings, geological features, and temporal and spatial distributions of these different types of gold and copper deposits reflect, to a great extent, the accretionary and collisional tectonics that occurred between the northern margin of the Tarim block and the southern margin of the Siberian block.  相似文献   

滇黔桂盆地及邻区二叠纪层序地层格架及古地理演化   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6       下载免费PDF全文

梅冥相  郑宽兵  初汉民  邓军  李浩 《古地理学报》2004,6(4):401-418

滇黔桂盆地及邻区的二叠系包括船山统、阳新统和乐平统。船山统与阳新统之交的黔桂运动主幕不整合面、阳新统和乐平统之交的东吴运动主幕不整合面的不整合特征明显,同时因其代表了研究区沉积盆地性质发生较大变化的界面而成为较为典型的I型层序界面。滇黔桂盆地及邻区的二叠系以其明显的沉积相分异而引人注目：在连陆台地上发育含煤地层,而在连陆台地边缘及孤立台地上发育海绵生物礁,形成一个典型的“台-盆-丘-槽”的古地理格局。伴随着强烈的东吴运动第一幕,研究区西北部发生强烈的火山活动,形成分布范围较广的峨嵋山玄武岩;东南部的“钦防残留海槽”关闭,使研究区的古地理格局发生了较大变化。二叠系与三叠系之交发生的较为典型的台地淹没事件形成了一个较为典型的淹没不整合面。根据沉积物的时间演化序列和沉积相的空间展布形式所指示的规律,研究区的二叠系可以划分为以下三级层序：船山统与下伏石炭系顶部的地层构成一个三级层序(SQ¹⁹),阳新统包含四个三级层序(SQ²⁰到SQ²³),乐平统包括两个三级层序(SQ²⁴和SQ²⁵)。在层序地层框架内,系列古地理图和系列层序地层格架栅状图较为系统地反映了研究区二叠纪复杂而有序的时间和空间相变特征。主要的时间相变面即形成层序界面,具有明显的“跳相”和地层间断现象,由于在不同地点间断的时限不一致而造成“间断面穿时”;沉积环境的空间变化,以及伴随着时间变化中的相带迁移所造成的空间相变,其相应的相变面总是斜交时间面而造成“相变面穿时”;不同沉积阶段的层序具有不同的相序组构,并在空间上形成有序的变化,从而代表了不同的古地理背景。因此,层序地层研究的核心内容是“沉积物的时间演变序列和沉积相的空间展布形式所代表的规律性”,结合生物地层特征,这种规律性本身也可以作为地层划分和对比的标志。  相似文献   

我国北方春季沙尘暴的异常及其对冬季青藏高原地面感热的响应   总被引：13，自引：7，他引：6  

钟海铃  李栋梁  魏丽 《中国沙漠》2004,24(3):323-329

选用中国178个常规气象观测站建站～2000年历年春季沙尘暴日数资料,分析了近50a来中国北方春季沙尘暴的气候特征。在此基础上进一步揭示了我国北方沙尘暴的形成、发展以及造成的危害。结果表明：我国北方春季沙尘暴存在东西反位相差异,近50a来,春季沙尘暴日数总体趋势在减少,但20世纪末又有明显的回升趋势。这不仅与影响我国北方的冷空气路径有关,还与青藏高原冬季地面感热的异常密切相关。  相似文献   

Brittle–ductile–brittle deformation during cooling of tonalite (Adamello, Southern Italian Alps)   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

G. Pennacchioni  G. Di Toro  P. Brack  L. Menegon  I.M. Villa 《Tectonophysics》2006,427(1-4):171

Late- to post-magmatic deformation in slightly diachronous contiguous intrusions of the north-western Adamello batholith (Southern Alps, Italy) is recorded as, from oldest to youngest: (i) joints, (ii) solid-state ductile shear zones, (iii) faults associated with epidote-K-feldspar veins and (iv) zeolite veins and faults. Structures (ii) to (iv) are localized on the pervasive precursory network of joints (i), which developed during the earliest stages of pluton cooling. High temperature ( 500 °C), ductile overprinting of joints produced lineations, defined by aligned biotite and hornblende, on the joint surfaces and highly localized mylonites. The main phase of faulting, producing cataclasites and pseudotachylytes, occurred at  250 °C and was associated with extensive fluid infiltration. Cataclasites and pseudotachylytes are clustered along different E–W-striking dextral strike-slip fault zones correlated with the activity of the Tonale fault, a major tectonic structure that bounds the Adamello batholith to the north. Ductile deformation and cataclastic/veining episodes occurred at P = 0.25–0.3 GPa during rapid cooling of the batholith to the ambient temperatures ( 250 °C) that preceded the exhumation of the batholith. Timing of the sequence of deformation can be constrained by ³⁹Ar–⁴⁰Ar ages of  30 Ma on pseudotachylytes and various existing mineral ages. In the whole composite Adamello batholith, multiple magma pulses were intruded over the time span 42–30 Ma and each intrusive body shows the same ductile-to-brittle structural sequence localized on the early joint sets. This deformation sequence of the Adamello might be typical of intrusions undergoing cooling at depths close to the brittle–ductile transition.  相似文献   

金沙江下段河槽地貌特征与地貌过程^*   总被引：11，自引：9，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

葛兆帅  刘庆友  胥勤勉  李会中  薛果夫  梅应堂  徐永辉 《第四纪研究》2006,26(3):421-428

文章利用金沙江河谷地貌调查与水利工程选址勘察地质资料,根据河槽纵剖面与18个河谷横剖面的资料以及攀枝花金江河段、会理鱼鲊河段、元谋龙街河段、禄劝凹嘎河段的阶地调查结果,对金沙江下段河槽地貌进行了初步分析,金沙江下段的河谷为典型的深切"V"形河谷,在虎跳峡、乌东德、白鹤滩峡谷段河槽比降发生明显变化。根据河谷阶地下切幅度与形成时代,以T₃阶地计算金沙江下段河槽平均下切速率达到0.71~1.18m/ka,以T₂阶地计算金沙江下段河槽平均下切速率为0.75~1.36m/ka,因此,近十几万年来,金沙江下段河谷平均下切速率达到0.9~1.0m/ka。现代金沙江河槽底部均堆积了一定厚度的冲积-崩积物覆盖层,最厚的石鼓剖面河床底部冲积物盖层达到173m,一般河段堆积物盖层均达10m以上。金沙江河槽的迁移是河槽下切过程与岸坡崩塌过程综合作用的结果,形成原河槽崩塌阻塞,河槽被动迁移或原河槽改道下切,形成古河槽-离堆山-新河槽的地貌组合,以及河槽侧向迁移3种模式。  相似文献   

鄱阳湖湿地地理信息系统建设及其关键技术研究     

陈建群  吴勰  王振兴  朱建军 《武汉大学学报(信息科学版)》2012,37(8):888-891,896,1012

以鄱阳湖湿地为研究对象,建立了集知识、模型和决策为一体的鄱阳湖湿地基础地理信息系统,在一定程度上解决了湿地生态经济建设中环境污染及水文监测、洪涝灾害预测、湿地土地规划时空演变模拟以及水利枢纽建设等不同行业相关业务之间既紧密联系又相互隔离的矛盾。  相似文献   

干旱区绿洲土地利用/土地覆被动态演变研究     

王宏  唐娟  陈文平  赵良军  阿尔达克 《测绘与空间地理信息》2012,35(11):43-47

选择生态环境脆弱的艾比湖流域内绿洲为研究对象,以1990年、2001年、2010年三期TM和ETM+影像为数据源,采用SVM分类方法进行土地利用/覆盖类型分类、统计与分析研究区20年土地利用/覆盖时空动态变化。研究结果表明:1)1990～2001年除了裸地面积减少外,其他地类均有增加,且耕地面积增加幅度最大,面积增加了483.42 km2。2001～2010年除了耕地面积增加了488.87 km2,其余地类的面积都有不同程度的减少。而研究期间裸地面积一直呈现不断下降的趋势,在20年间共减少了1 186.43 km2。2)经济发展、政策、人口以及自然环境等驱动因素对研究区土地利用结构变化影响甚为显著,而人口迅速增加对农产品的大量需求促使耕地变化剧烈,面积大幅增长。因此,合理地控制人口数量,正确的政府政策导向和合理经济发展需求是干旱区绿洲土地可持续发展的关键。  相似文献