Design and application of a kind of direct shear model test apparatus     

LIU Xiao-li  ZHANG Dan-dan  LIU Kai  SU Yuan-yuan 《岩土力学》2010,31(Z2):475-480

A kind of direct shear model test apparatus is introduced, which can be used for laboratory model tests of anti-sliding structures for slopes (landslides). The model test apparatus consists of shearing system, loading system and data collecting system. The shearing system is composed of an upper direct shear box, a lower direct shear box and two straight steel rails. The upper and the lower direct shear boxes are connected by the straight steel rails. The loading system is composed of load transducer, hydraulic jack and reaction rack. The shearing system and the loading system are connected by steel base. The apparatus has been successfully used in anti-sliding model test of single row grouting micro-piles based on detailed analysis of its structure design and characteristics. Application results of the apparatus indicate that this kind of direct shear model test apparatus possesses great practicability; and it can be used further in other similar model tests.  相似文献   

基于人工神经网络对四川省黑水县公路边坡稳定性评价     

尹振良  孔祥睿  赵丽月 《吉林地质》2010,29(3):115-117,121

边坡稳定性和许多影响因素有关,是一种高度非线性的问题,本文采用人工神经网络方法进行边坡稳定性评价,构建了具有6-19-12网络结构的三层BP网络。用该模型对四川省黑水县渔巴渡至客龙沟公路沿线边坡进行稳定性评价,其结果与传统经验公式计算法所得结果基本一致。  相似文献   

露天煤矿边坡工程地质勘察中几个常见问题的刍议——以胜利煤田东二号露天煤矿、白音华煤田一号露天煤矿为例     

刘大野  陈立云  刘欣  桑国华  李德全 《中国煤炭地质》2010,(5):52-55

随着内蒙古自治区二连盆地群早白垩世陆相沉积煤田的大规模勘查和开发建设,一些大(特)型露天煤矿的边坡工程地质勘察及稳定性分析评价工作也已陆续展开,但由于各勘察施工单位的工作方法不尽一致,给边坡岩体的稳定性评价带来了一定的影响。以盆地群内的胜利煤田东二号露天煤矿、白音华煤田一号露天煤矿工程地质勘察实践为例,对下白垩统巴彦花群煤系软岩边坡工程地质勘察中的软岩强度的界定、岩心采样方法的选择、数字测井成果在解释软弱(夹)层中的应用、钻孔波速测试方法的应用和边坡稳定性随含水率变化的敏感度分析5个方面进行了详细论述,并提出了相应的划分标准与技术方法。此结果可使盆地群中露天煤矿边坡工程地质勘察工作更加合理。  相似文献   

近景摄影测量在边坡变形监测中的应用     

项鑫  王艳利 《中国煤炭地质》2010,(6):66-69

某测量目标为一保证通电线路安全的护坡,高约10m,占地400多m2,其线杆立于护坡顶端中间,周边固定四个加强铁丝。护坡自修建以来,因周边土方作业及积水等因素,发生多次倒塌,为此采用近景摄影测量法进行变形监测以保证护坡维修重建的质量。根据测区实际概况,按照非同一平面及非同一线原则,布设控制点20个,控制点的坐标采用无棱镜观测方式,并选取广场瓷砖作为控制点的材质。通过对测量结果进行精度比较,认为该次测量景深方向X的精度相对较低,Y和Z方向的精度相对较好;基高比对精度有较大的影响;随着基高比的减小,精度有所提高,但如果继续减小基高比,精度反而会下降,因此选取适当的基高比是提高精度的关键;未经检校的非测量数码相机,存在较大的系统误差和构象畸变差,将会对测量精度产生较大影响。  相似文献   

长江口外海水中有色溶解有机物（CDOM）的光吸收特性   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

王翔  杨红  孔德星  吴项乐 《台湾海峡》2010,29(4):518-524

基于2008年5、11月2次调查数据,研究了长江口邻近海域水体有色溶解有机物（CDOM）的光吸收特性及其时空分布特征,探讨了CDOM含量、光谱斜率Sg值及其与特征波长下吸收系数a（440）的关系.结果表明,春季该海域有色溶解有机物的吸收系数a（440）的范围为2.232~8.671 m-1,平均值为4.523 m-1;秋季其吸收系数a（440）的变化范围为0.390~6.135 m-1,平均值为2.209 m-1.该水体CDOM吸收曲线基本呈指数衰减趋势.在400~440 nm波段内,春季其光谱斜率Sg值范围为0.002 0~0.014 2 nm-1,平均值为0.008 7 nm-1秋季的介于0.020 8~0.052 6 nm-1之间.平均值为0.037 5 nm-1.同时有色溶解有机物吸收系数a（440）与Sg值存在着较显著的负相关关系.  相似文献   

Turbidite system architecture and sedimentary processes along topographically complex slopes: the Makran convergent margin     

JULIEN BOURGET  SEBASTIEN ZARAGOSI  NADINE ELLOUZ‐ZIMMERMANN  NICOLAS MOUCHOT  THIERRY GARLAN  JEAN‐LUC SCHNEIDER  VALENTINE LANFUMEY  SIGFRIED LALLEMANT 《Sedimentology》2011,58(2):376-406

This study investigates the morphology and Late Quaternary sediment distribution of the Makran turbidite system (Makran subduction zone, north‐west Indian Ocean) from a nearly complete subsurface mapping of the Oman basin, two‐dimensional seismic and a large set of coring data in order to characterize turbidite system architecture across an active (fold and thrust belt) margin. The Makran turbidite system is composed of a dense network of canyons, which cut into high relief accreted ridges and intra‐slope piggyback basins, forming at some locations connected and variably tortuous paths down complex slopes. Turbidite activity and trench filling rates are high even during the Holocene sea‐level highstand conditions. In particular, basin‐wide, sheet‐like thick mud turbidites, probably related to major mass wasting events of low recurrence time, drape the flat and unchannellized Oman abyssal plain. Longitudinal depth profiles show that the Makran canyons are highly disrupted by numerous thrust‐related large‐scale knickpoints (with gradients up to 20° and walls up to 500 m high). At the deformation front, the strong break of slope can lead to the formation of canyon‐mouth ‘plunge pools’ of variable shapes and sizes. The plunge pools observed in the western Makran are considerably larger than those previously described in sub‐surface successions; the first insights into their internal architecture and sedimentary processes are presented here. Large plunge pools in the western Makran are associated with large scoured areas at the slope break and enhanced sediment deposition downstream: high‐amplitude reflectors are observed inside the plunge pools, while their flanks are composed of thin‐bedded, fine‐grained turbidites deposited by the uppermost part of the turbidity flows. Thus, these architectural elements are associated with strong sediment segregation leading to specific trench‐fill mechanisms, as only the finer‐grained component of the flows is transferred to the abyssal plain. However, the Makran accretionary prism is characterized by strong along‐strike variability in tectonics and fluvial input distribution that might directly influence the turbidite system architecture (i.e. canyon entrenchment, plunge pool formation or channel development at canyon mouths), the sedimentary dynamics and the resulting sediment distribution. Channel formation in the abyssal plain and trench‐fill characteristics depend on the theoretical ‘equilibrium’ conditions of the feeder system, which is related closely to the balance between erosion rates and tectonic regime. Thus, the Makran turbidite system constitutes an excellent modern analogue for deep‐water sedimentary systems with structurally complex depocentres, in convergent margin settings.  相似文献   

The absorption of water color components and spectral modes in the Pearl River estuary     

席红艳  丘仲锋  何宜军  简伟军 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2007,25(4):359-366

In-situ data from cruises in the Pearl River estuary and adjacent marine areas were collected during March to May 2001. The absorption coefficients of the water color components were studied in detail containing total suspended matter (TSM), chlorophyll-a (chl-a), colored dissolved organic matter (CDOM), and de-pigment particles. For absorption coefficient of TSM, ap, and that of de-pigment particles, ad, correlations of ap(440)-TSM, ad(440)-TSM, ap(440)-chl-a and ad-chl-a were done (the italicized term means the concentration). There was a good correlation between ap(440) and chl-a concentration. An empirical relationship model between aph(675) and chl-a was developed showing a strong correlation of 0.93. Based on the two models the chl-a and aph(λ) were correlated. The values of calculated empirical spectral slope for CDOM absorption coefficients and that of de-pigment particles, 0.017 0 and 0.011 6 respectively, both are within a relative standard error of 10.0%.  相似文献   

边坡稳定性的神经网络预测研究   总被引：21，自引：0，他引：21  

贺可强  雷建和 《地质与勘探》2001,37(6):72-75

根据神经网络法的基本原理，结合38个实际边坡工程稳定实例，应用VB5．0可视化编程语言，建立了边坡稳定性的神经网络预测模型，并运用该模型对部分边坡工程的稳定性进行预测，预测结果与边坡实际稳定状态相吻合，从而表明了神经网络法在边坡稳定性预测中的有效性。  相似文献   

边坡岩体质量分类体系的CSMR法及应用   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

李胜伟  李天斌  王兰生 《地质灾害与环境保护》2001,12(2):69-72

详细、系统地介绍边坡岩体质量评分类的CSMR法，并结合西南某水电站进水口边坡工程的实例，讨论运用CSMR系统进行边坡岩体质量分类的改进意见。实践证明，此法具有简便性和可行性，值得进一步推广。结合工程实践，并指出此法的不足之处。  相似文献   

龙塘山2号大桥岸坡破坏模式的离散元模拟     

詹志峰  谢强  赵文 《地质灾害与环境保护》2001,12(4):67-70,79

以龙塘山 2号大桥为工程背景 ,在综合考虑桥基岸坡的工程地质条件尤其是岩体结构的基础上 ,建立了数值分析模型 ,采用离散元法对该桥 10 #墩所处岸坡的破坏模式进行了模拟。模拟结果表明 :( 1)龙塘山 2号大桥 10 #墩所处岸坡基本稳定 ;( 2 )施工时 ,应对既有公路上方岸坡坡顶及坡面可能崩滑岩块进行预清除与加固 ;( 3)根据岸坡破坏趋势可得其稳定坡角为 5 0°  相似文献