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81.
82.
In this paper we show that a change in the signs of some of the metric components of the solution of the field equations for
the classical cosmic string results in a solution which we interpret as a time-dependent wall composed of tachyons. We show
that the walls have the property of focusing the paths of particles which pass through them. As an illustration of this focusing,
we demonstrate the results of a simple simulation of the interaction between one such tachyon wall and a rotating disk of
point masses. This interaction leads to the temporary formation of spiral structures. These spiral structures exist for a
time on the order of one galactic rotation.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
83.
Guinevere Kauffmann Timothy M. Heckman Simon D. M. White Stéphane Charlot Christy Tremonti Jarle Brinchmann Gustavo Bruzual Eric W. Peng Mark Seibert Mariangela Bernardi Michael Blanton Jon Brinkmann Francisco Castander Istvan Csábai Masataka Fukugita Zeljko Ivezic Jeffrey A. Munn Robert C. Nichol Nikhil Padmanabhan Aniruddha R. Thakar David H. Weinberg Donald York 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2003,341(1):33-53
84.
The present-day chemical and dynamical properties of the Milky Way are signatures of the Galaxy's formation and evolution.
Using a self consistent chemodynamical evolution code we examine these properties within the currently favoured paradigm for
galaxy formation – hierarchical clustering within a CDM cosmology. Our Tree N-body/Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics code includes
a self-consistent treatment of gravity, hydrodynamics, radiative cooling, star formation, supernova feedback and chemical
enrichment. Two models are described which explore the role of small-scale density perturbations in driving the evolution
of structure within the Milky Way. The relationship between metallicity and kinematics of halo stars are quantified and the
implications for galaxy formation discussed. While high-eccentricity halo stars have previously been considered a signature
of `rapid collapse', we suggest that many such stars may have come from recently accreted satellites.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
85.
Afforestation has been suggested as a means of improving soil and water conservation in north‐western China, especially on the Loess Plateau. Understanding of the hydrological responses to afforestation will help us develop sustainable watershed management strategies. A study was conducted during the period of 1956 to 1980 to evaluate runoff responses to afforestation in a watershed on the Loess Plateau with an area of 1·15 km2, using a paired watershed approach. Deciduous trees, including locust (locusta L.), apricot (praecox L.) and elm (ulmus L.), were planted on about 80% of a treated watershed, while a natural grassland watershed remained unchanged. It was estimated that cumulative runoff yield in the treated watershed was reduced by 32% as a result of afforestation. A significant trend was also observed that shows annual runoff reduction increases with the age of the trees planted. Reduction in monthly runoff occurred mainly from June to September, which was ascribed to greater rainfall and utilization by trees during this period. Afforestation also resulted in reduction in the volume and peak flow of storm runoff events in the treated watershed with greater reduction in peak flow. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
86.
吴秋凤 《广东海洋大学学报》2003,23(5):94-98
在阐述西部大开发中科技主导地位的基础上 ,从科技应用成效二重性的视角 ,探讨了关注西部科技伦理的必要性 ,并初步提出了西部大开发战略的科技伦理调控机制 相似文献
87.
Zhang Qing Wang Li-fan Hu Jing-yao P. A. Mazzali Wang Zhen-ru 《Chinese Astronomy and Astrophysics》1995,19(4):426-431
We present the modeling of the ultraviolet and optical spectra obtained simultaneously on 1993 April 15 with the HST and at Lick Observatory. A Monte Carlo code is employed in the modeling and a comparison is made between models reported by different groups. With an atmosphere similar to the Sun in chemical composition, the observed spectral lines are well reproduced by a power law density structure of index around 20 except the strong H and HeI λ5876 lines which have peculiar absorption profiles. The photospheric velocity is found to be 9500 km/s and the blackbody temperature of the spectrum is 7990 K. For H and HeI λ5876, we suggest a two-component density structure which has a smoother layer located immediately outside the steeply decreasing inner envelope. The power law indices are most probably 20 and 3, respectively, with the transition point at about 13 000 km/s. In addition, this outer smooth layer serves to flatten the far UV spectrum as observed. 相似文献
88.
I.IN~crIOXLocatedinthecoddlepatofTallmBasin,withanareaof33.76X104klnZ,theTaldirnakan~isinthehinterlandofEurasia.Blockedbythehighmountainsaround,vapourofoceancanhardlyreachthedesert.APartfromthis,asthedeSertisinthesinkingcompensationareaoftheascensionalaircurrentaamstheQinghal-XIZangPlateau,itSprecipitationisrareandtheevaporationcapacityisintensealltheyearround.Allthesecontributetotheformationsofthetypifydrydesertclimate.Theacidityindexofthedesertandthearoundregionisashighasmorethan50,w… 相似文献
89.
90.