Hawaiian magma-reservoir processes as inferred from the petrology of gabbro xenoliths in basalt,Kahoolawe Island   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

R. V. Fodor  E. A. Rudek  G. R. Bauer 《Bulletin of Volcanology》1993,55(3):204-218

Gabbro xenoliths in a tholeiitic lava of Kahoolawe Island, Hawaii, a 1.3–1.4 Ma shield volcano, are 1–3 cm in size and comprised of plagioclase, clinopyroxene, and orthopyroxene. Gabbro textures — while intergranular and in part subophitic-are open due to 28–48 vol.% of vesicular basalt occupying xenolith space. Vesicles in and around the xenoliths are lined or filled with rhyolitic glass (segregation vesicles). The host is evolved tholeiite (MgO 6.1 wt%) with phenocrysts, microphenocrysts, and glomerocrysts of olivine, clinopyroxene, orthopyroxene, and plagioclase, and megacrysts (1 cm) of plagioclase. The Sr-isotope ratio of one xenolith is 0.70489; the host basalt ratio is 0.70460. Xenolith isotope composition, grain resorption, and clinopyroxene (Fs_12.5–15Wo_38–35.5), orthopyroxene (Fs_19.5–24Wo_4.1), and plagioclase (An_68–65Or_0.8–1.2) compositions suggest that these gabbros crystallized from Kahoolawe tholeiitic magma of essentially the same composition as the host basalt, but pre-dating the magma represented by the host. Based on the absence of intergranular Fe–Ti oxide phases from the pl+cpx+opx assemblages, and the open, vuggy textures, we envision crystallization on a reservoir roof at temperatures >1100°C. Entrainment of gabbro assemblages and plagioclase megacrysts from a roof mush/suspension zone occurred during convection associated with replenishment of the magma reservoir. These open-textured gabbro xenoliths are therefore not fragments of preexisting coarse-grained bodies such as sills or segregation veins. Rhyolitic glass in vesicles represents a gas-effervescence filtration process that forced fractionated residual liquids from the groundmass into voids associated with the xenoliths.Sirrine Environmental Consultants, Fremont, CA 94538  相似文献   

Dredge petrology of the boninite‐ and adakite‐bearing Hahajima Seamount of the Ogasawara (Bonin) forearc: An ophiolite or a serpentinite seamount?§     

Akira Ishiwatari  Yuki Yanagida  Yi‐Bing Li  Teruaki Ishii  Satoru Haraguchi  Kazuto Koizumi  Yuji Ichiyama  Masaru Umeka 《Island Arc》2006,15(1):102-118

Abstract During the Hakuho‐Maru KH03‐3 cruise and the Tansei‐Maru KT04‐28 cruise, more than 1000 rock samples were dredged from several localities over the Hahajima Seamount, a northwest–southeast elongated, rectangular massif, 60 km × 30 km in size, with a flat top approximately 1100 m deep. The rocks included almost every lithology commonly observed among the on‐land ophiolite outcrops. Volcanic rocks included mid‐oceanic ridge basalt (MORB)‐like tholeiitic basalt and dolerite, calc‐alkaline basalt and andesite, boninite, high‐Mg adakitic andesite, dacite, and minor rhyolite. Gabbroic rocks included troctolite, olivine gabbro, olivine gabbronorite (with inverted pigeonite), gabbro, gabbronorite, norite, and hornblende gabbro, and showed both MORB‐type and island arc‐type mineralogies. Ultramafic rocks were mainly depleted mantle harzburgite (spinel Cr? 50–80) and its serpentinized varieties, with some cumulate dunite, wehrlite and pyroxenites. This rock assemblage suggests a supra‐subduction zone origin for the Hahajima Seamount. Compilation of the available dredge data indicated that the ultramafic rocks occur in the two northeast–southwest‐oriented belts on the seamount, where serpentinite breccia and gabbro breccia have also developed, but the other areas are free from ultramafic rocks. Although many conical serpentinite seamounts 10 km in size are aligned along the Izu–Ogasawara (Bonin)–Mariana forearc, the Hahajima Seamount may be better interpreted as a fault‐bounded, uplifted massif composed of ophiolitic thrust sheets, resembling the Izki block of the Oman ophiolite in its shape and size. The ubiquitous roundness of the dredged rocks and their thin Mn coating (<2 mm) suggest that the Hahajima Seamount was uplifted above sealevel and wave‐eroded, like the present Macquarie Is., a rare example of ophiolite exposure in an oceanic setting. The Ogasawara Plateau on the Pacific Plate is adjacent to the east of the Hahajima Seamount, and collision and subduction of the plateau may have caused uplift of the forearc ophiolite body.  相似文献   

微量元素比值研究岩浆源区成分的可靠性：玄武岩熔融实验研究   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

郑海飞  谢鸿森 《矿物学报》1998,18(4):541-545

对玄武岩熔融实验的研究表明,部分熔融程度大于20％的岩浆中,其强不相容元素之间的比值可以很好地指示源区岩石的元素比值。因此研究拉斑玄武岩源区岩石中的微量元素特征可以采用元素比值的方法。  相似文献   

滇中大红山岩群变质火山岩类的原岩性质和构造属性   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

徐启东 《地球化学》1998,27(5):422-431

大红山岩群中的变质火山岩类经在了区域性的海水蚀变和区域变质的改造,其岩石学特征和化学成分都发生了较大的变化,不活动组分的研究显示,其原岩主查拉斑玄武岩类,且具有形成于洋中脊环境的地球化学特征,可能属于Ｔ型地幔源区的洋中脊玄武岩（ＭＯＲＢ）大红山式Ｃｕ－Ｆｅ矿床具有富洋壳成矿元素特性,与所识别的变质火山岩类的原岩和形成的大地构造背景是一致的。  相似文献   

云南金宝山超镁铁岩原始岩浆成分反演   总被引：14，自引：7，他引：14  

陶琰  高振敏  罗泰义  祁敬东  禾英军  杨廷祥 《岩石学报》2002,18(1):70-82

金宝山岩体赋存有我国最大的铂族元素矿床,位于云南省弥渡县,大地构造位置处于杨子地台西缘南端。岩体是呈似层状(岩席)产出的小型超镁铁岩,侵位于泥盆系金宝山组白云岩、泥灰岩、砂板岩中,由橄榄岩、辉橄岩及微辉岩、辉石岩异离体组成,没有完整的相带分异,缺乏分异堆积特征。但岩体铂族元素成矿以铂钯为特征(Pd/Ir>10),硫化物Ni/Cu比值低(0.5～5),岩石稀土元素富集,配分型式为轻稀土富集型,体现基性岩浆衍生产物的岩石地球化学特点。元素含量的组合变化反映出橄榄石对岩石成分的控制作用,成岩母体可视为橄榄石与熔体两部分组成的混合体系,分析表明岩浆经历了11％的橄榄石结晶和22％左右的斜长石结晶分异,大部分熔体相携带斜长石先期离开岩浆房或被压滤出去,残余熔体携带橄榄石结晶颗粒在构造挤压作用下向上运移侵位成岩。根据岩浆演化过程反演,计算得到金宝山超镁铁岩原始岩浆组成,表明为低钛拉斑玄武岩岩浆,MgO含量为12.93％,其形成可能与裂谷作用早期的地幔热柱作用有关,原始岩浆起源于未亏损地幔的部分熔融。  相似文献   

苏鲁造山带中段宝山-桃行榴辉岩地球化学特征     

朱学强  王冠  杨仕鹏 《地质与资源》2013,22(1):41-49

宝山-桃行榴辉岩呈透镜状包体赋存于荣成花岗质片麻岩套（Chgg）内,通过榴辉岩主量元素地球化学、微量元素及稀土元素地球化学、石榴子石矿物化学分析,确定榴辉岩原岩为壳成变质成因,具有岛弧拉斑玄武岩（IAT）特征.宝山-桃行榴辉岩是其原岩与围岩一起经过高温高压变质作用而形成.  相似文献   

西藏阿里地区火山岩的岩石系列及特征   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

路凤香  赵崇贺 《地球科学》1987,(3)

西藏阿里地区冈底斯构造带分布有早白垩世的玄武岩-安山岩-英安岩系列及晚白垩—第三纪的玄武岩-安山岩-流纹岩系列,它们分别属于拉斑玄武及钙碱性系列。前者主要由地幔导源的玄武岩浆经分离结晶作用形成,而钙碱性系列主要由混合作用及同化作用形成。此外其岩浆房的fO_2与fH_2O高,液相线温度偏低并与地壳导源的岩基活动有密切的关系.  相似文献   

Shallow submarine volcano group in the early stage of island arc development: Geology and petrology of small islands south off Hahajima main island,the Ogasawara Islands     

《Journal of Asian Earth Sciences》2014

Small Islands south off Hahajima, the southernmost of the Ogasawara Archipelago, consist of primitive basalts (<12 wt.% MgO) to dacite erupted during the transitional stage immediately following boninite volcanism on the incipient arc to sustained typical oceanic arc. Strombolian to Hawaiian fissure eruptions occurring on independent volcanic centers for the individual islands under a shallow sea produced magnesian basalt to dacite fall-out tephras, hyaloclastite and a small volume of pillow lava, which were intruded by NE-trending dikes. These volcanic strata are correlated to the upper part (<40 Ma) of the Hahajima main island. Volcanic rock samples have slightly lower FeO^*/MgO ratios than the present volcanic front lavas, and are divided into three types with high, medium and low La/Yb ratios. Basalt to dacite of high- and medium-La/Yb types show both tholeiitic (TH) and calc-alkaline (CA) differentiation trends. Low-La/Yb type belongs only to TH basalt. The multiple magma types are coexistence on the each island. TH basalts have phenocrysts of olivine, clinopyroxene and plagioclase, while CA basalts are free from plagioclase phenocrysts.  相似文献