Characteristics and Origin of Tight Oil Accumulations in the Upper Triassic Yanchang Formation of the Ordos Basin, North-Central China     

WU Songtao  ZOU Caineng  ZHU Rukai  YAO Jingli  TAO Shizhen  YANG Zhi  HAI Xiufen  CUI Jingwei  LIN Senhu 《《地质学报》英文版》2016,90(5):1821-1837

The Upper Triassic oil accumulations in the Ordos Basin is the most successful tight oil play in China,with average porosity values of less than 10% and permeability values below 1.0 mD.This study investigated the geological characteristics and origin of the tight oil accumulations in the Chang 6 member of the Upper Triassic Yanchang Formation in the Shanbei area based on over 50,000 petrological,source-rock analysis,well logging and production data.The tight oil accumulation of the Chang 6 member is distributed continuously in the basin slope and the centre of the basin.The oilwater relationships are complex.Laumontite dissolution pores are the most important storage spaces,constituting 30%-60% of total porosity and showing a strong positive relationship with oil production.The pore-throat diameter is less than 1 μm,and the calculated critical height of the oil column is much larger than the tight sand thickness,suggesting that the buoyancy was probably of limited importance for oil migration.The pressure difference between the source rocks and sandstone reservoirs is inferred to have provided driving force for hydrocarbon migration.Two factors of source-reservoir configuration and laumontite dissolution contributed to the formation of the Chang 6 tight oil accumulations.Intense hydrocarbon generation and continuous sand bodies close to the hydrocarbon kitchen are the foundation for the large-scale oil distribution.Dissolution of feldspar-laumontite during the process of organic matter evolution generated abundant secondary pores and improved the reservoir quality.  相似文献   

The Relationship between Jurassic Coal Measures and Sandstone-type Uranium Deposits in the Northeastern Ordos Basin, China     

JIAO Yangquan  WU Liqun  RONG Hui  PENG Yunbiao  MIAO Aisheng  WANG Xiaoming 《《地质学报》英文版》2016,90(6):2117-2132

Outcrop and drill hole data show that the Jurassic coal measures in the northeastern Ordos Basin are composed mainly of the Yan'an Formation and the lowstand system tract of the Zhiluo Formation,and there is a regional unconformity between them. The Dongsheng uranium deposit is associated with the Jurassic coal measures. Research data indicate that the Jurassic coal measures in the study area have a certain hydrocarbon-generating capacity,although the metamorphic grade is low(Ro=0.40%–0.58%). In the Dongsheng region alone,the accumulative amount of generated coalbed methane(CBM) is about 2028.29 × 108 –2218.72 × 108 m~3; the residual amount is about 50.92 × 108 m~3,and the lost amount is about 1977 × 108 m~3. Analysis of the burial history of the host rocks and the evolutionary history of the Dongsheng uranium deposit suggests that the Jurassic coal measures generated hydrocarbon mainly from Middle Jurassic to Early Crataceous,which is the main mineralization phase of the Dongsheng uranium deposit. By the Late Cretaceous,a mass of CBM dissipated due to the strong tectonic uplift,and the Dongsheng uranium deposit stepped into the preservation phase. Therefore,the low-mature hydrocarbon-containing fluid in the Jurassic coal measures not only served as a reducing agent for the formation of sandstone-type uranium deposits,but also rendered the second reduction of paleo-interlayer oxidation zone and become the primary reducing agent for ore conservation. Regional strata correlation reveals that the sandstone-type uranium reservoir at the bottom of the Zhiluo Formation is in contact with the underlying industrial coal seams in the Yan'an Formation through incision or in the form of an unconformity surface. In the Dongsheng region with poorly developed fault systems,the unconformity surface and scour surface served as the main migration pathways for low-mature hydrocarbon-containing fluid migrating to the uranium reservoir.  相似文献   

沉积盆地铀-油(气)共生机理          下载免费PDF全文

妥成荣  黄志新 《地质找矿论丛》2016,31(4):529-537

产于含油(气)盆地中的地浸砂岩型铀矿床与油(气)关系密切,在空间上常与油(气)藏呈共生关系。文章认为其成矿条件和控矿因素相似,并且具有成因联系是二者共生的主要原因。砂岩型铀矿和油(气)藏具有相似的成矿大地构造背景、岩相古地理条件、容矿地层、岩性圈闭、构造控矿条件和有机质基础;在成因上油(气)中的不同组分及其次生矿物对铀有重要的吸附和还原作用,是铀沉淀富集的重要因素之一,铀等放射性元素的存在也有利于油气的生成。由于成矿机理的差异性,砂岩型铀矿与油(气)藏属于异体共生矿床,二者的产出位置并不完全重叠,砂岩型铀矿的产出位置往往更靠近盆缘,且在油(气)储层上方,或以单一矿种产出。  相似文献   

Logs Fluid Typing Methods and Adaptive Analysis of Tight Sandstone Reservoir of Yingcheng Formation in Lishu Fault     

Mao Keyu 《地球科学进展》2016,31(10):1056-1066

Tight clastic reservoirs are characterized with low porosity and low permeability, which reduce contributions of reservoir fluids to geophysical logging responses, and it is more difficult to identify fluids of the reservoir. Therefore, it is necessary to study log interpretation and comprehensive evaluation methods for such clastic reservoirs. This study focused on geological characteristics of tight clastic reservoir of Yingcheng formation in Lishu Fault. Based on logs sensitivity to fluids, some fluid typing methods were discussed in detail, which included log curve overlap method, acoustic time overlapping method from density and neutron logs, porosity difference and ratio method, porosity-resistivity crossplot, normal distribution method, and other methods, and some effective fluid evaluation method were established and optimized. These above-mentioned methods were verified, which could achieve layer qualitative identification of tight sandstone in the study area. By contrast, two logs overlapping methods, porosity difference and ratio method, resistivity-porosity crossplot are more suitable for natural gas reservoirs, while porosity difference and ratio method, porosity-resistivity chart, normal distribution method are more suitable for oil and water reservoirs. The case study suggests that these methods be combined to archive more correct log interpretation in the study area, which provides important decision-making reference for oilfield exploration and development.  相似文献   

Using Geomechanical Method to Predict Tectonic Fractures in Low-Permeability Sandstone Reservoirs     

Feng Jianwei  Ren Qiqiang  Xu Ke 《地球科学进展》2016,31(9):946-967

Understanding and interpreting the timing, location, orientation, and intensity of natural fractures within a geological structure are commonly important to both exploration and production planning activities of low-porosity and low-permeability carbonate reservoirs. In this study, we explore the application of comprehensive geomechanical methods to quantitatively characterize the fracture parameters based on Strain Energy Density Theory, such as linear fracture density and volume fracture density. This study approach is based on the idea that energy generated by tectonic stress on brittle sandstone,which can be distinguished fracture surface energy, friction energy dissipation and residual strain energy and natural fractures can be interpreted or inferred from geomechanical-model-derived strains. For this analysis, we model an extension and compression compound fault block developed in a mechanically stratified sandstone and shale sequence because mechanics experimental data and drilling data exist that can be directly compared with model results.However, the results show that the approach and our study conclusion are independent of the specified structural geometry, which can correlate fracture parameters in different stages with different tectonic activities, and finally build and visualize fracture networks in sandstone. The presence or absence of filling minerals in fractures is shown to strongly control the destruction and transformation of low-permeability sandstone, and this control possesses crucial implications for interpreting fracture aperture and reservoir flow simulation.  相似文献   

伊通盆地鹿乡断陷C区块含油饱和度与含油性分析     

赵石乐  程日辉  蒋飞  许中杰  刘柏依 《世界地质》2016,35(4):1084-1094

综合研究伊通盆地鹿乡断陷双二段储层的岩性、含油性和含油饱和度,确定了适用于本区的含油饱和度计算方法,并与实际含油性进行了对比,分析了沉积和构造对含油性的影响。研究区双二段含油储层的岩性以粉砂岩、细砂岩和砂砾岩为主,含油级别为荧光级以上。根据阿尔奇公式计算出的含油饱和度大部分与实际的含油性相符合,并将含油饱和度70%、50%和38%值作为本区气层、油层、油水层和水层的区分标准。本区储层的含油性受到沉积和构造两方面的控制,沉积作用主要控制储层的岩石结构和物性,构造控制油气的聚集,即在构造高部位,实际含油饱和度比计算结果要高,而在构造低部位,实际含油饱和度比计算结果要低。  相似文献   

海拉尔盆地呼和湖凹陷致密砂岩气成藏特征     

刘志文 《世界地质》2016,35(3):831-839

海拉尔盆地呼和湖凹陷具备形成大面积致密砂岩气藏的地质条件,其断陷期地形比较宽缓,后期改造弱,主要发育低幅度的断背斜或宽缓的向斜,在局部具备稳定的构造条件。南二段煤系源岩广泛发育,丰度均达到中等--好烃源岩级别,为致密砂岩气藏的形成提供了充足的物质基础。洼槽区南二段储层属低孔--特低渗型储集层。南二段致密储层与煤、泥岩呈频繁互层状分布,形成致密砂岩气有利的的生储盖组合。构造高部位在一定程度上控制油气丰度,稳定的负向构造区有利于寻找储层富集区。呼和湖凹陷致密砂岩气主要表现为两种成藏组合,自生自储型和内生外储型,油气呈南北向条带状分布。  相似文献   

华北中南部地区石盒子群沉积环境研究新进展     

李增学  李晓静  王东东  刘莹  陈晓燕  吕大炜  张增奇  梁吉坡  刘海燕  王平丽 《地球学报》2016,37(5):615-625

华北地区石盒子群的沉积环境长期以来一致存在较大的争议,大多数研究者认为该时期完全为陆相沉积,也有一些学者在该地层中发现了海相沉积物。本文着重对鲁西、河南等地区石盒子群的奎山砂岩进行岩石学、沉积学、地球化学等指标研究,在该砂岩中发现了冲洗交错层理,并在该砂岩中上部发现了海绿石的存在。通过详细分析奎山砂岩中海绿石的显微特征、元素地球化学特征,并进行比较研究发现,华北地区奎山砂岩中海绿石的化学成分、含量与国内外古代的海相、过渡相海绿石基本一致,推断其为滨浅海富氧环境的产物。华北地区奎山砂岩中发育的沉积构造和所含海绿石的元素地球化学特征,揭示了该时期曾发生过海侵,反映了石盒子群沉积期沉积环境的复杂性。华北地区石盒子群奎山砂岩中上部海相沉积环境的确定,可能改变华北盆地二叠纪以来单纯为陆相沉积的认识,这为精细研究华北地区中晚二叠世的盆地格局、充填演化及恢复古地理景观,提供了新的思路和重要依据。  相似文献   

我国砂岩型铀矿成矿理论的创新和发展     

张金带 《铀矿地质》2016,(6):321-332

简述了从国外到国内的砂岩型铀矿概况及成矿理论研究的发展,归纳出了我国砂岩型铀矿的"叠合复成因氧化-还原成矿理论",并就"预富集"、"板状矿体成因"、"深部油气作用"、"可地浸概念"、"大砂体"等问题进行了粗浅的讨论。  相似文献   

二连盆地与地沥青密切相关的砂岩型铀矿床微观矿物特征及成因分析     

王文广 《铀矿地质》2016,(5):270-278

内蒙古二连盆地产在下白垩统碎屑岩系中的砂岩型铀矿床,其矿化与地沥青密切相关,有铀矿物存在之处必有地沥青;岩石中也普遍含地沥青。笔者通过蚀刻α径迹示踪,对铀含量在(200~1770)×10~(-6)的碎屑岩进行扫描电镜分析,采用分子量计算方法确定了该地区含铀碎屑岩中的铀是以多种超显微铀矿物形式存在。其中,以赛汉高毕铀矿床为代表,铀主要形成复成分磷钙铀矿。其它铀矿床也普遍有复成分磷钙铀矿产出:巴彦乌拉矿床样品因钙含量低、硅含量高,则铀石多于复成分磷钙铀矿;道尔苏矿床以铀石和磷铀矿为主,有少量沥青铀矿及复成分磷钙铀矿;哈达图矿床主要是沥青铀矿,未见复成分磷钙铀矿。除了地沥青之外,各矿床中与铀矿物共生的主要矿物还有草莓状、鲕粒状黄铁矿。由此推断,铀矿床的可能成因是:来自盆地深部的UH_3、PH_3、CaH_2、SiH_4、FeH_2、H_2S等在伴随油气向上运移过程中,由于温度、压力降低和氧化作用而发生分解及凝聚,形成草莓状、鲕粒状黄铁矿;同时派生出含U、P、Si、Ca等的氧化物的低温热水溶液,并最终结晶析出铀矿物,形成有大量黄铁矿共生的铀矿体;而油气经过长期挥发,最终演变成地沥青,成为铀矿物的载体。  相似文献