随钻测录井地质导向二维分解实时绘图方法     

邵才瑞  原野  张福明  陈国兴  曹先军 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2021,51(1):256-265

根据随钻测录井实时地质导向和大斜度、水平井评价成图技术需求，针对传统绘图方法存在的弊端，提出了将测录井信息、井眼轨迹和地质模型进行二维分解的实时绘图方法。针对二维分解绘图方法绘图时空复杂度较高的问题，给出了不同事件驱动下的局部实时计算和拷屏重绘算法，控制了对CPU和内存的消耗、提高了绘图效率，消除了实时绘图的闪烁和卡顿现象。应用实例表明，二维分解实时绘图方法能够实现大尺度随钻测录井地质导向图形的流畅、无卡顿实时绘图，可提高大斜度、水平井储层模型评价的刻画精度和时效。  相似文献   

The circumstellar shells of carbon miras     

Martin Groenewegen 《Astrophysics and Space Science》1995,224(1-2):321-324

The relation between mass loss rate and pulsation period in carbon Miras is discussed. The dust mass loss rate is very low (about 2 × 10^–10 M/yr) up to aboutP = 380 days, where there is a sudden increase. ForP > 400 days there is a linear relation between logM andP. The change in the mass loss rate near 380 days may be related to radiation pressure on dust becoming effective in driving the outflow.  相似文献   

中国大陆第四纪地壳运动时程   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

冯希杰 《地质论评》1992,38(3):210-214

本文从中国大陆有代表性的青藏高原、黄土高原、三峡地区着手,进行了新构造运动剖析。并结合全国火山活动期次,总结出中国大陆第四纪地壳运动的时程变化。从而为进一步探讨新构造运动特点和规律,为国民经济建设及人类生存环境提供了一定的地质背景资料。  相似文献   

湿地功能快速评价中的若干理论问题   总被引：9，自引：5，他引：9  

殷书柏  吕宪国 《湿地科学》2006,4(1):1-6

针对目前湿地功能快速评价中存在的不足之处,分析了产生这些不足的原因及湿地功能快速评价过程中存在的一些基本理论问题。分析表明:湿地功能快速评价方法是为了达到“湿地功能无净损失”目的,是在需要评价的湿地如此之多而从事湿地功能评价的专业人员又极其缺乏的情况下发展起来的。它对于湿地恢复与重建以及湿地受人类活动干扰程度的评价是非常有效的;在湿地功能快速评价过程中,把相对未受人类干扰的参照湿地的功能指数规定为1,这就使得快速评价方法不能对参照湿地的功能进行评价,而目前最需要评价其功能的湿地往往就是这些相对未受人类活动干扰的湿地;在相同水文地貌的湿地类型内评价湿地功能之间的差异,这使得快速评价方法不能评价湿地的水文地貌功能;由于快速评价的结果都是相对的功能指数,并不能说明湿地所提供的功能量是否满足人们的需求,因而在决策中不能单独使用;快速评价都是“一次调查就获得结果”,同时由于快速评价过程中指标选择的主观性、指标赋值的主观性、采样点空间设置的主观性以及采样时间的主观性,对于具有时空变化特征的湿地功能的评价结果的可重复性和科学性是很低的。为了使湿地功能评价的结果对管理和决策具有指导意义,基于湿地功能量计算的、定量的评价湿地功能的方法必须开发出来。针对不同的评价目的,湿地功能评价可采用双重参照标准:一是以自然为参照来评价湿地功能受人类活动影响的程度以及湿地恢复与重建成功与否;二是以人类需要为标准来评价湿地提供的功能量是否满足了我们的期望,以便采取措施改进湿地功能来满足人类的需求。  相似文献   

Timing effects on the fragmentation of small scale blocks of granodiorite     

P. D. Katsabanis  A. Tawadrous  C. Braun  C. Kennedy 《Fragblast: International Journal for Blasting and Fragmentation》2006,10(1):83-93

A series of small scale tests, simulating multi-hole blasts have been performed to establish the effect of delays on blast fragmentation. The blasts were performed in high quality granodiorite blocks, which were cut from stone prepared by dimensional stone quarry operations. The pattern used was equilateral triangular, with a distance of 10.2 cm between boreholes, which had a diameter of 11 mm, were loaded with detonating cord and the coupling medium was water. The delays used were achieved using different lengths of detonating cord for the cases of delays between 0 and 100 μs between holes and a sequential blasting machine firing seismic detonators for larger delays up to 4 ms. All fragments were collected and screened. The experiments showed that the worst fragmentation was achieved with simultaneous initiation of all charges. Fragmentation improved with the delay time between holes up to 1 ms between holes. If the experiments are scaled up, the results show that in granodiorite, fragmentation optimization requires delays of few milliseconds per metre of burden. The findings, agree with previously published work, involving larger scale experiments and other rock types.  相似文献   

Comparative Seismic Risk Studies for German Earthquake Regions on the Basis of the European Macroseismic Scale EMS-98     

Jochen Schwarz  Mathias Raschke  Holger Maiwald 《Natural Hazards》2006,38(1-2):259-282

Within the framework of recent research projects, basic tools for GIS-based seismic risk assessment technologies were developed and applied to the building stock and regional particularities of German earthquake regions. Two study areas are investigated, being comparable by the level of seismic hazard and the hazard-consistent scenario events (related to mean return periods of 475, 2475 and 10000 years). Significant differences exist with respect to the number of inhabitants, the grade and extent of urbanisation, the quality and quantity of building inventory: the case study of Schmölln in Eastern Thuringia seems to be representative for the majority of smaller towns in Germany, the case study of Cologne (Köln) stands for larger cities. Due to the similarities of hazard and scenario intensities, the considerable differences do not only require proper decisions concerning the appropriate methods and acceptable efforts, they enable conclusions about future research strategies and needs for disaster reduction management. Not least important, results can sharpen the focus of public interest. Seismic risk maps are prepared for different scenario intensities recognising the scatter and uncertainties of site-dependent ground motion and also of the applied vulnerability functions. The paper illustrates the impact of model assumptions and the step-wise refinements of input variables like site conditions, building stock or vulnerability functions on the distribution of expected building damage within the study areas. Furthermore, and in contrast to common research strategies, results support the conclusion that in the case of stronger earthquakes the damage will be of higher concentration within smaller cities like Schmölln due to the site-amplification potential and/or the increased vulnerability of the building stock. The extent of damage will be pronounced by the large number of masonry buildings for which lower vulnerability classes have to be assigned. Due to the effect of deep sedimentary layers and the composition of building types, the urban centre of Cologne will be less affected by an earthquake of comparable intensity.  相似文献   

Fault plane orientations of small earthquakes of the 1997 Umbria-Marche (Italy) seismic sequence from P-wave polarities and rise times     

Marilena Filippucci  Salvatore de Lorenzo  Enzo Boschi 《Geophysical Journal International》2006,166(1):322-338

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Probabilistic local waveform inversion for moment tensor and hypocentral location   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Zoltán Wéber 《Geophysical Journal International》2006,165(2):607-621

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东南沿海地震活动特征量     

周峥嵘  林树  鲍挺 《福建地震》2006,(Z2)

1970年以来,东南沿海地区经历了上世纪末以来明显的第Ⅴ活跃幕(或轮回)平静和活跃时段,本文通过分析研究这两个时段地震活动在时空强上的差异性,定量提取其活动演化过程参量,为该区未来地震活动期判定提供相对定量的参考依据。  相似文献   

叠前时间偏移在华北地区的应用   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

ZHOU Chen-guang SHAN Gang-yi ZHANG Li-hua College of GeoExploration Science  Technology  Jilin University  Changchun  China 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2006,(Z2)

从应用的角度较详细地论述了三维叠前克希霍夫时间偏移的过程。在给定合理的偏移孔径下,三维叠前克希霍夫时间偏移利用均方根速度对叠前地震数据进行逐道处理,从而得到准确的归位数据。叠前时间偏移相对叠后时间偏移而言,前者能够进一步提高地下信息的成像质量及归位准确性,信噪比和分辨率也得到了改善,能够满足精细的地震资料的解释。因此,三维叠前克希霍夫时间偏移对于速度变化平缓、地下构造较复杂的地区具有广泛的应用价值。  相似文献