树状图应用于房产公用面积分级公摊系统设计   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

张洪升 《测绘科学》2008,33(4)

房产测绘中,房屋公用面积公摊计算是房产测绘业务的一个重点和难点。现行规范中对其规定缺乏可操作性,导致测绘成果各异。本文介绍了房产功能区及公用区的树状图分解,推导出多级房产分级公摊的通用公式,并详细阐述了基于VC++&ObjectArx2002的房产项目测绘系统分级公摊模块的设计。该方法已经很好的应用于房产测绘中。  相似文献   

扩展SQL语句操纵空间数据方法研究     

崔建军  隋立春  徐翠玲 《测绘科学》2008,33(4)

在GIS中对空间数据库的操作,难点在于采用统一的查询语言SQL对空间数据的操纵。该问题的实现需要对现有SQL语言进行扩展,使之能够识别和处理对空间数据进行操纵的语句。本文围绕分析空间查询语句结构的全过程,采用中间件对标准的SQL语言功能进行扩展。提出了一种以语法树生成原理实现标准SQL语句和扩展SQL语句的分析和进行功能分解的具体方法,展示了以中间件封装空间操作的SQL词法分析、SQL语法分析的具体实现,并给出了具体的算例。本文提出的方法为进一步研究与开发空间查询语言,空间数据操纵语言的实现提供了基础。  相似文献   

建成环境对居民通勤方式选择的影响——以武汉市城中村为例     

仝照民  安睿  刘耀林 《地理科学进展》2021,40(12):2048-2060

城中村作为带着农民特色和阶级混杂重塑的空间,为弱势劳动群体融入城市化体系、实现反资本而不反市场的城镇化进程提供了保障。探讨建成环境对居民通勤方式选择的影响机制,开展城中村建成环境改造,对于解决弱势群体通勤和就业困难意义重大。论文基于武汉市2018年LBS(Location Based Services)数据,以公共交通通勤方式选择作为二元分类因变量,采用梯度提升决策树(gradient boosting decision tree,GBDT)分析建成环境与城中村居民通勤方式选择的非线性关系与阈值效应,结果显示：普遍长距离通勤的城中村居民对公共交通系统依赖性强,建成环境的非线性影响和阈值效应明显,弥补了传统线性模型在可解释性上的不足;其中公交站可达性预测贡献度最大(19.89%),阈值分别在300 m和1000 m左右,在城中村改造时应尽量满足直线距离300 m公交站点可达,保证1000 m内存在公交线路,其余变量也有相似的可解释性。研究得到的建成环境影响的优先层次和最有效的空间属性范围将为提升城中村居民就业和通勤公平,实现区域包容、协调的城镇化提供参考。  相似文献   

Signals of tree volume and temperature in a high‐resolution record of pollen accumulation rates in northern Finland     

F. Mazier  A. B. Nielsen  A. Broström  S. Sugita  S. Hicks 《第四纪科学杂志》2012,27(6):564-574

Pollen accumulation rates (PARs) provide a potential proxy for quantitative tree volume (m³ ha^?1) reconstruction with reliable absolute pollen productivity estimates (APPEs). We obtained APPEs for pine, spruce and birch at their range limits in northern Finland under two temperature periods (‘warm’ and ‘cold’) based on long‐term pollen trap and tree volume records within a 14‐km radius of each trap. APPEs (mean ± SE; × 10⁸ grains m^?3 a^?1) tend to be higher for the ‘warm’ periods (pine 123.8 ± 24.4, birch 528.0 ± 398.4, spruce 434.3 ± 113.7) compared with the ‘cold’ periods (pine 95.5 ± 37.3, birch 317.3 ± 282.6, spruce 119.6 ± 37.6), although the difference is only significant for spruce. Using an independent temperature record and the APPEs obtained, we reconstruct a low‐frequency record of pine volume changes over the last 1000 years at Palomaa mire, where a high‐resolution record of Pinus PARs is available. Five phases are distinguished in the reconstruction: moderate pine volume, AD 1080–1170; high volume, AD 1170–1340; low volume, AD 1340–1630; very low volume, AD 1630–1810; and rising pine volume, AD 1810–1950. These phases do not coincide with periods of high or low June–July–August temperatures, and thus appear to reflect regional variations in tree volume, while high‐frequency changes within each time‐period block show variations in PARs in response to temperature. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Multivariate analysis as a tool to infer hydrologic response types and controlling variables in a humid temperate catchment     

Genevive A. Ali  Andr G. Roy  Marie‐Claude Turmel  Franois Courchesne 《水文研究》2010,24(20):2912-2923

We assess the ability of multivariate statistical analyses applied to event hydrographs parameters, to characterize a catchment hydrological behaviour. Motivation for such an approach lies in the fact that streamflow records have yet to be exploited to their full potential towards hydrological interpretation and can be used to infer a catchment state of connectivity from a qualitative standpoint. We have therefore processed 96 event hydrographs from a small headwater temperate humid forested catchment using principal component analysis, variation partitioning and classification tree analysis. These techniques prove to be promising in discriminating contrasted types of hydrologic responses (e.g. low‐ vs high‐magnitude events, slow vs quick timing events), identifying the main hydro‐meteorological variables that control these responses and determining thresholds values of the hydro‐meteorological variables leading to a switch between catchment response types. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

基于LKH树和拉格朗日插值多项式的会议密钥分发方案     

周杰  李慧芬 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2008,(Z1)

会议密钥的管理与分发是设计安全网络会议系统的关键问题之一。利用基于拉格朗日插值多项式的会议密钥分发方案,借鉴逻辑密钥层次树结构设计了1种会议密钥分发方案。在每次举行会议时,会议主席根据用户树计算参会者子树,利用参会者子树的根结点公钥构造拉格朗日插值多项式。减少了会议主席构造拉格朗日插值多项式的次数和计算开销。特别地,对构造的会议系统,当参会者的人数超过一定数目时,会议主席构造拉格朗日插值多项式的次数会随着参会者人数的增加而减少。另外,每个用户的私钥保持不变,避免了用户私钥的更新过程。  相似文献   

结直肠癌患者肝脏CT图像分类中决策树模型的应用     

曹务腾  庄乔棣  练延帮  龚佳英  熊斐  邱建平  张波  杨然  周智洋 《CT理论与应用研究》2014,(2):275-283

目的：探讨数据挖掘中决策树模型在结直肠癌患者肝脏CT图像分类中的应用。方法：分别选取结直肠癌患者肝转移、单纯性肝囊肿以及正常肝脏的CT增强图像各20例。对该60例肝脏CT增强图像分别进行灰度直方图、灰度共生矩阵以及图像变换的纹理特征提取,然后采用朴素贝叶斯分类器和决策树归纳分类器对图像进行分类。最终分类结果与临床事实分类对照,利用十折交叉验证法验证两种分类模型的有效性。结果：基于数据挖掘的决策树模型对结直肠癌患者肝脏CT图像进行分类准确性较高。决策树归纳的分类准确性远高于朴素贝叶斯分类器（准确性96．7％vs76．7％,Kappa值0．95vs0．65,P〈0．05）。结论：基于数据挖掘的决策树模型可以对结直肠癌患者肝脏CT图像进行分类,不仅能够判断肝脏有无相关病灶,而且仅依据图像的基本特性,可以自动识别肝脏乏血供转移瘤与单纯性肝囊肿,为未来计算机辅助诊疗疾病提供有效的参考信息及途径。  相似文献   

基于树轮资料重建森林净初级生产力的研究进展     

方欧娅  汪洋  邵雪梅 《地理科学进展》2014,33(8):1039-1046

森林净初级生产力(NPP)反映了森林植被固定和转换光合产物的能力,表示了森林碳汇功能强度,也是评价森林植被的演替状况以及陆地生态系统承载力的主要指标。基于遥感、清查资料等方法估算NPP已经取得了一些进展,但传统的研究方法受限于观测(调查)年份,难以有效获取长时间尺度的区域森林种群或群落年际NPP。树轮资料较为有效地反映了历史时期森林植被的逐年生长状况,从而在估算高精度且长时间尺度区域森林种群及群落NPP中具有较大的优势。本文对利用树轮资料重建区域森林NPP的两种主要方法进行了总结,第一种方法主要是依据树轮资料提供的立木逐年生长量进行生物量以及NPP的估算;第二种方法则是利用树轮指数与其他植被指数的相关性间接反演过去时间段区域森林群落NPP的变化。上述两种估算NPP的方法均存在较多的限制性,未来利用树轮资料估算NPP的时空精度仍有待提高。  相似文献   

Hyperconcentrated flows on a forested alluvial fan of eastern Canada: geomorphic characteristics,return period,and triggering scenarios          下载免费PDF全文

Marie‐Audray Ouellet  Daniel Germain 《地球表面变化过程与地形》2014,39(14):1876-1887

The assessment of the dominant flow type on alluvial fans usually refers to two categories: debris‐flow fans (i.e. sediment gravity flows) and fluvial fans (i.e. fluid gravity flows). Here we report the results of combined morphometric, stratigraphic and sedimentological approaches which suggest that hyperconcentrated flows, a transitional process rheologically distinct from debris flows and floods and sometimes referred to as debris floods, mud floods, or transitional debris flows, are the dominant fan building process in eastern Canada. These flows produce transitional facies between those of debris flows which consist of a cohesive matrix‐supported diamicton, and those of river flows which display more distinct stratification. The size of the blocks in the channels and the abrasion scars at the base of several trees attest to the high transport capacity of these flows. The fan channels are routed according to various obstacles comprised primarily of woody debris that impede sediment transit. However, these conditions of sediment storage are combined with readily available sediment due to the friable nature of the local lithology. Tree‐ring analysis allowed the reconstruction of eight hydrogeomorphic events which are characterized by a return period of 9.25 years for the period 1934–2008, although most of the analyzed events occurred after 1970. Historical weather data analysis indicates that they were related to rare hydrometeorological events at regional and local scales. This evidence led to the elaboration of weather scenarios likely responsible for triggering flows on the fan. According to these scenarios, two distinct hydrologic regimes emerge: the torrential rainfall regime and the nival regime related to snowmelt processes. Hydrogeomorphic processes occurring in a cold‐temperate climate, and particularly on small forested alluvial fans of north‐eastern North America, should receive more attention from land managers given the hazard they represent, as well as because of their sensitivity to various meteorological parameters. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Seismic hazard assessment of Western Coastal Province of Saudi Arabia:deterministic approach          下载免费PDF全文

Faisal Rehman  Sherif M. El-Hady  Ali H. Atef  Hussein M. Harbi 《地震科学（英文版）》2016,29(5):299-309

Seismic hazard assessment is carried out by utilizing deterministic approach to evaluate the maximum expected earthquake ground motions along the Western Coastal Province of Saudi Arabia. The analysis is accomplished by incorporating seismotectonic source model,determination of earthquake magnitude(Mmax), set of appropriate ground motion predictive equations(GMPE), and logic tree sequence. The logic tree sequence is built up to assign weight to ground motion scaling relationships. Contour maps of ground acceleration are generated at different spectral periods. These maps show that the largest ground motion values are emerged in northern and southern regions of the western coastal province in Saudi Arabia in comparison with the central region.  相似文献