同层型气钾复合矿藏的形成机理浅析:以四川盆地磨溪背斜中三叠统雷口坡组富钾卤水矿为例     

陈小二  张兵  范昆  杨凯  张赛民 《地学前缘》2021,28(6):79-94

四川盆地中三叠统雷口坡组中发育多种类型的钾盐矿藏,是我国找钾的重点目标层系。磨溪气田雷口坡组地层卤水富含K、Li、Br、B元素,定性为中低矿化度KCl、LiCl、Br^-、B₂O₃等超标的优质化工原料水,显示出较好的钾盐勘探前景。地震资料解释结果表明,磨溪气田雷口坡组一段的第一亚段(雷一¹)顶面表现为一个完整的长轴背斜形态,断层不发育。富钾卤水发育在背斜的翼部,而天然气则占据了背斜的核部,二者共同贮存在雷一¹亚段溶蚀孔洞发育的滩相白云岩中,构成了典型的同层型气钾复合矿藏。借鉴含油气系统的概念,将富钾卤水的形成、聚集及后期保存等影响卤水型钾矿形成全过程的各种因素总结归纳为6大关键要素,即钾的物质来源,储层物性、封盖条件、圈闭条件、运移方式和保存条件。在乐山—龙女寺古隆起形成和演化的背景下,确定构造圈闭形成时间,分析优质储层发育有利因素以及后期保存条件,并按照各要素在时空上的搭配关系,动态地分析雷口坡组同层型气钾复合矿藏的形成过程。烃类物质和卤化物都是地下水所含的特殊物质,在地下水动力场的作用下,地层水在雷口坡组内部向着川中地区的继承性发育的古构造高点——磨溪背斜持续运移。被运移而来的由蒸发浓缩的古海水和石膏脱水形成的初始富钾地层水不断捕获下伏绿豆岩释放的钾离子,使得钾离子二次富集成藏。在地层水运移和气藏压力的共同作用下,形成气在上、富钾卤水在下的复合矿藏。长期继承性发育的古隆起不仅是油气聚集的有利部位,亦是二次运移、聚集的富钾卤水矿藏发育部位。本次研究成果为四川盆地及其他类似盆地的“气钾兼探”工作提供了一种新的方法和思路。  相似文献   

Impact of an inter‐basin water transfer and reservoir operation on a karst open streamflow hydrological regime: an example from the Dinaric karst (Croatia)     

Ognjen Bonacci  Ivo Andrić 《水文研究》2010,24(26):3852-3863

This paper describes the hydrological changes caused by inter‐basin water transfer and the reservoir development on the hydrological regimes of two rivers. The Sabljaki Reservoir in the Zagorska Mre?nica River and the Bukovik Reservoir in the upper Dobra River began operation in 1959. Both are part of the hydroelectric power plant (HEPP) Gojak, whose installed capacity is 50 m³/s. Their water volumes at the spillway altitudes of 320·10 and 320·15 m a. s. l. are 3·3 × 10⁶ and 0·24 × 10⁶ m³ respectively. Both the Dobra and Mre?nica Rivers are losing, sinking and underground karst rivers. A 9376‐m‐long tunnel provides water from the Sabljaki Reservoir to the HEPP Gojak, which was constructed in the Lower Dobra River. The Sabljaki Reservoir is located in the Pla?ki karst polje, while the Bukovik Reservoir is located in the neighbouring Ogulin karst polje. The consequences of the inter‐basin water transfer are strong and have caused abrupt changes in the hydrological regimes of the downstream sections of both rivers. At the same time, the construction and development of both the reservoirs have also caused hydrological changes to the upstream section of the Upper Dobra River. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

In situ yield behaviour of a coal pillar     

David A. Newman 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》1989,7(2):163-170

Summary An indication of the complete stress-strain behaviour of coal was obtained through instrumenting a headgate yield pillar and monitoring the changes in vertical and horizontal pillar stress, pillar strain, and roof-floor convergence as a function of time and distance from the moving longwall face. A semiautomated monitoring program was conducted over a 5 month period as the longwall face advanced toward and eventually passed the instrumented pillar. The development of a confined core and yield zone within the pillar was confirmed by the vertical and horizontal stress changes. Thein situ pre-failure (208 to 661 MPa) and post-failure moduli (55 to 208 MPa) of the coal were determined from the change in pillar stress versus pillar strain. Thein situ moduli are an order of magnitude lower than the 3450 MPa, commonly assumed for coal.  相似文献   

Induced gravity anomalies and seismic energy as a basis for prediction of mining tremors     

Zbigniew Fajklewicz  Krzysztof Jakiel 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》1989,129(3-4):535-552

The results of prediction of occurrence of mining tremors and bursts in the course of the exploitation of the remaining part of the hard coal in seam 510 of the mine Pstrowski, Upper Silesia, have been presented in the paper. The exploitation has taken place under extremely difficult conditions hazardous for the mining crew.To predict the occurrence of mining tremors, bursts and direction of migration of increased elastic strain in the rock mass, the microgravity method has been applied.The microgravity observations were carried out in the measurement points located at mutual distances equal 20 m in three profiles of the lengths 700 m, 760 m and 260 m respectively. The profiles were located in mining workings in the vicinity of the exploited part of the bed. In the course of exploitation, lasting 25 months, 29 series of measurements including 3600 individual microgravity observations were carried out. Microgravity observations were made with a Worden-Master gravimeter.The observed time changes of gravity microanomalies were essential for prediction. Local negative changes of gravity microanomalies signalled the approaching mining tremor. The tremor would cover an area of the radius 60 m to 100 m. The regional time changes of the gravity microanomalies appearing as linear trends of these anomalies signalled the development of the fields of elastic strain in the whole investigated area and the approaching violent release of elastic strain energy from the rock mass.The values of the amplitudes AMP of the above-mentioned trend were the measure of this hazard. In the course of the investigations each shock was preceded by considerably increased values of AMP.  相似文献   

论宁夏金场子渗流热卤水-表生改造型金矿床的矿源     

徐国风 《地球科学》1988,(2)

稳定同位素、岩石微量元素(金)和地质特征研究的结果,表明金场子金矿床的成矿物质来源系上地壳源,并且金、银、铅、铜等金属和硫、硒、砷、氯、氟、碳等来源于石炭纪和泥盆纪沉积岩。成矿流体是大气水和沉积地层水的混合溶液。金矿化与地热流体渗流热卤水成矿作用和表生风化成矿作用有关。  相似文献   

A simplified computational approach for prediction of transient climatic conditions in underground mine airways     

T. R. Roy 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》1993,11(1):15-23

Summary A simplified approach for prediction of transient climatic conditions in an underground airway os presented. The dry surface temperature of the airway is calculated using a finite difference scheme, whereas the wet surface temperature is determined following the concept of pseudo-base-temperature of air and using the value of thermal gradient at the dry surface as obtained from the finite difference solution of the temperature profile in the dry rock. The air-current temperatures are regularly evaluated after a suitable time span so as to simulate a real-case situation, and the re-evaluated air-current temperatures are used for further calculations. For increasing age of the airway the wet surface temperature obtained by the finite difference scheme, with an appropriate value of thermal diffusivity, is compared with its value determined by the pseudo-base-temperature approach.  相似文献   

地下管线探测的基本原理及解释方法研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

封崇德  史保连 《物探与化探》1994,18(6):463-467

本文较详细地讨论了电磁直接探测法探测地下管线的基本原理和解释方法;提出了一种新的求解管线位置和深度、并给出探测结果可信度的向量交绘法。现场提供高可信度的结果;对管线探测仪器设备及应用效果作了介绍。  相似文献   

再论察尔汗盐湖达布逊二级补给系统S3盐层晶间卤水分异问题          下载免费PDF全文

徐少康 《盐湖研究》1995,3(4):23-33

本湖Ｓ３盐层晶间卤水（简称晶卤）分异的成因是一个与钾盐矿床的成因及最佳开发密切相关的基本理论问题。文献［１－２］提出了晶卤分异成因新观点（阶段性淡化说）的基本理论框架。继文献［３］之后，本文对晶卤分异的又一复杂地区进行了深入解剖，为阶段性淡化说再次提供大量事实依据，具有一定的理论和经济意义。  相似文献   

地下水逸出氡和溶解氡观测系统的合理设计   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

张新基  张炜 《地震》1993,(4):46-51

本文依据大量观测事实并参考前人所做的工作,对地下水中逸出氡和溶解氡观测系统合理设计进行了深入细致的分析和讨论。研究结果表明,观测系统设计中应注意的主要问题是观测井口装置中主支管空间位置的合理设计、逸出气“集气腔”的大小以及气体(包括自由气体和逸出气体)与液体的分离程度等。根据上述几点并结合井孔自身的不同条件,本文设计出了两种比较合理的井口装置模型,该模型的设计对今后逸出氡和溶解氡观测系统的改造和完善具有现实意义。  相似文献   

海冰蠕变特性试验研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

李志军  隋吉学 《冰川冻土》1990,12(3):243-249

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