地质勘探空气反循环钻进技术找矿效果示范应用研究          下载免费PDF全文

黄晟辉  陆生林  殷琨  邓梦春 《探矿工程》2013,40(3):1-6

2011年,“地质勘探空气反循环钻进技术找矿效果示范应用研究”项目在云南省大理州北衙金矿进行了对比试验。介绍了设备的选择、钻孔结构、钻进工艺、试验的技术指标、地质找矿效果和需要进一步研究的主要问题。  相似文献   

空气反循环取样钻探的岩样收集和缩分技术   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0       下载免费PDF全文

邓梦春  黄晟辉  殷琨  陆生林 《探矿工程》2013,40(7):73-76,80

简要介绍了国内外空气反循环取样钻探的岩样收集和缩分技术。主要包括美国和澳大利亚的岩样收集缩分设备和技术,以及国内吉林大学、中国地质科学院勘探技术研究所和探矿工艺研究所在岩样收集和缩分技术方面所开展的工作和成果。  相似文献   

Effect of sampling plan and trend removal on residual uncertainty     

《Georisk: Assessment and Management of Risk for Engineered Systems and Geohazards》2013,7(4):253-264

ABSTRACT

The ground is one of the most highly variable of all engineering materials. As a result, geotechnical designs depend upon a site investigation to estimate the ability of the ground to perform acceptably. For example, when a shallow foundation is being proportioned to avoid a bearing capacity failure under a certain applied load, the frictional and cohesive properties of the ground under the foundation must first be estimated through a site investigation. Questions which arise are: How does the quality and intensity of the site investigation affect the design? Is more investigation cost effective? If the site is sampled at one location and the foundation placed at a different location, how does this mismatch affect the target design and the reliability of the final foundation? By modelling the ground as a spatially variable material, questions such as the above can be investigated through Monte Carlo simulation and sometimes theoretical probabilistic models. Using such tools, this paper looks specifically at how the intensity (frequency and spatial distribution) of a site sampling plan, and how the samples are used, affects the understanding of the ground properties under a foundation. Interestingly, it is found that removing the sample mean outperforms removing the best linear unbiased estimate (BLUE) when the actual field correlation length is small but the BLUE correlation length is assumed equal to the field size. Recommendations are made regarding number of samples and the type of trend to best characterise the field.

Abbreviations: BLUE: best linear unbiased estimate; MCS: Monte Carlo simulation; LAS: local average subdivision  相似文献   

Integration of European habitat monitoring based on plant life form composition as an indicator of environmental change and change in biodiversity     

Margit Bloch-Petersen  Jesper Brandt  Martin Olsen 《Geografisk tidskrift / udgivet af Bestyrelsen for Det Kongelige danske geografiske selskab》2013,113(2):61-74

Geografisk Tidsskrift, Danish Journal of Geography 106(2): 61–74, 2006

During the last 25 years a number of European countries have developed general landscape monitoring systems. In the agricultural landscapes of Denmark the Small Biotope Monitoring Program (SBMP). which focuses on the dynamics of small biotopes and their relation to changes in agricultural technology and structural characteristics, has been developed since 1981. Erom 2007, the SBMP will continue as part of the Danish nature monitoring program, NOVANA.

In Europe, during the last 10 years, several national landscape surveys have cooperated to develop a European platform for consistent landscape related habitat monitoring. This has been through the BioHab Concerted Action Framework Programme of the EU (2002–2005), and the resulting publication of a handbook for recording and monitoring habitats (Bunce et al., 2005). The focus on environmentally conditioned habitat changes at a landscape level has led to the re-introduction of Raunkiaer's plant life form concept. This approach enables the indication of changes in biodiversity based on alterations in general habitat composition and quality.

Although the objectives of the SBMP and the BioHab projects have been somewhat different, the methodologies have much in common. In this paper the background and perspectives of the two approaches are discussed, and a test of the BioHab field methodology in an area previously monitored by the SBMP is presented. It was found not to be difficult to integrate the BioHab field recording methodology with the existing SBMP methods, thus permitting the SBMP to deliver an additional European perspective, with relatively little additional effort.  相似文献   

High-Resolution Measurement and Analysis of Visitor Experiences in Time and Space: The Case of Aalborg Zoo in Denmark     

Amit Birenboim  Kristian Hegner Reinau  Noam Shoval  Henrik Harder 《The Professional geographer》2013,65(4):620-629

The notion of consumer and user experience has become dominant in our society in recent years, especially in relation to leisure activities. In this study we used the experience sampling method (ESM) data collection technique in Aalborg Zoo, Denmark, to understand the distribution of subjective experiences within this site. Visitors to the zoo were asked to send phone messages (SMS) about their subjective feelings in real time and to carry with them Global Positioning System (GPS) devices that recorded their movement. This method allowed us to geotag experiences of visitors throughout the zoo compound. The results indicate that the quality of experience of visitors varies both in time and in space. We conclude that there is a need to further explore the effect of place on experiences using repeat, high-resolution measurements. In this regard we believe that geographers, who have a long tradition of studying human–environment relations, have the tools to lead this type of exploration.  相似文献   

Application of inverse path distance weighting for high-density spatial mapping of coastal water quality patterns     

Joseph Stachelek  Christopher J. Madden 《International journal of geographical information science》2013,27(7):1240-1250

One of the primary goals of coastal water quality monitoring is to characterize spatial variation. Generally, this monitoring takes place at a limited number of fixed sampling points. The alternative sampling methodology explored in this paper involves high-density sampling from an on-board flow-through water analysis system (Dataflow). Dataflow (West Palm Beach, FL, USA) has the potential to provide better spatial resolution of water quality features because it generates many closely spaced (<10 m) measurements. Regardless of the measurement technique, parameter values at unsampled locations must be interpolated from nearby measurement points in order to generate a comprehensive picture of spatial variations. Standard Euclidean interpolations in coastal settings tend to yield inaccurate results because they extend through barriers in the landscape such as peninsulas, islands, and submerged banks. We recently developed a method for non-Euclidean interpolation by inverse path distance weighting (IPDW) in order to account for these barriers. The algorithms were implemented as part of an R package and made available from R repositories. The combination of IPDW with Dataflow provided more accurate estimates of salinity patterning relative to Euclidean inverse distance weighting (IDW). IPDW was notably more accurate than IDW in the presence of intense spatial gradients.  相似文献   

VLBI技术新进展   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

项英  张秀忠 《天文学进展》2003,21(3):185-194

阐述了VLBI设备的现状;在20世纪70、80年代建造起来的一些VLBI观测设备已较陈旧，部分技术已经过时。随着现代技术的快速发展以及科学研究的更高目标，发展VLBI新技术是一项重要任务；给出了VLBI各方面新技术的进展情况；新科学项目的实施是新技术发展的重要环节，所以同时也介绍了VLBI的一些新科学计划的最新情况。  相似文献   

熔融制样X射线荧光光谱法测定岩盐中的主量成分   总被引：3，自引：3，他引：0  

李可及 《岩矿测试》2016,35(3):290-294

以XRF分析岩盐,需解决标准物质缺乏和Cl在分析过程中的损失问题,选择合适的前处理方法以保证结果重现性。经实验发现用于粉末压片法的人工标准物质中氯化钠、硫酸钙等组分经X射线照射后呈现向样片表面扩散的趋势,其中氯化钠进一步分解,难以建立稳定的工作曲线;熔融制样则不存在这一问题,具备定量基础。本文选择熔融制样作为前处理方法,将光谱纯盐类、氧化物与土壤、水系沉积物国家标准物质以不同比例混合,配制人工标准物质建立工作曲线。熔融制样条件为:取样量0.6000 g,四硼酸锂+偏硼酸锂(12:22)混合熔剂10.000 g,熔融温度1000℃,预熔时间300 s,熔样时间300 s,静置时间30 s,所得样片平整通透,因样品中所含Cl具有脱模效果无需补充脱模剂。本方法测定主量元素的精密度(RSD)均小于1.5%,与经典方法相比减少了分析时间与试剂消耗,可作为岩盐主量成分分析的备选方法。  相似文献   

电感耦合等离子体质谱仪与激光器联用测量条件优化及其在锆石U-Pb定年中的应用   总被引：7，自引：2，他引：5  

李凤春  侯明兰  栾日坚  林培军  李增胜  赵龙  王继林  徐爽 《岩矿测试》2016,35(1):17-23

在LA-ICP-MS测量中,样品是否能够均匀地由激光样品池运送到等离子体质谱仪炬管是影响分析数据精度的关键。本研究对样品剥蚀池和剥蚀气溶胶传输进行改进,在LA和ICP-MS之间添加一套激光剥蚀脉冲平滑系统将LA剥蚀气溶胶转化为连续送样模式,并使用多通道旋转式样品池消除样品在激光剥蚀池中的位置效应,显著提高了测量信号的稳定性。在优化条件下,以标准锆石91500作外标,测量锆石标样GJ-1、Pleovice、TEMORA、QH的U-Pb年龄分别为604±3 Ma(2δ,MSWD=1.2)、337±1 Ma(2δ,MSWD=1.18)、419±3 Ma(2δ,MSWD=0.15)和161±1 Ma(2δ,MSWD=0.6),与前人报道结果在误差范围内一致;以NIST610作外标,玻璃标样NIST612和BHVO-2G大部分微量稀土元素的测量值与参考值的相对偏差均在10%以内;测量新疆天山造山带锆石样品的207Pb/206Pb加权年龄与SHRIMP结果基本吻合。本方法可有效降低元素分馏效应,提高测量精度。  相似文献   

Comparison analysis of sampling methods to estimate regional precipitation based on the Kriging interpolation methods: A case of northwestern China   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

JinKui Wu  ShiWei Liu  LePing M  Jia Qin  JiaXin Zhou  Hong Wei 《寒旱区科学》2016,8(6):485-494

The accuracy of spatial interpolation of precipitation data is determined by the actual spatial variability of the precipitation, the interpolation method, and the distribution of observatories whose selections are particularly important. In this paper, three spatial sampling programs, including spatial random sampling, spatial stratified sampling, and spatial sandwich sampling, are used to analyze the data from meteorological stations of northwestern China. We compared the accuracy of ordinary Kriging interpolation methods on the basis of the sampling results. The error values of the regional annual precipitation interpolation based on spatial sandwich sampling, including ME(0.1513), RMSE(95.91), ASE(101.84), MSE(-0.0036), and RMSSE(1.0397), were optimal under the premise of abundant prior knowledge. The result of spatial stratified sampling was poor, and spatial random sampling was even worse. Spatial sandwich sampling was the best sampling method, which minimized the error of regional precipitation estimation. It had a higher degree of accuracy compared with the other two methods and a wider scope of application.  相似文献