克立格估计邻域大小的确定方法   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

向永生  孔爱云 《黄金地质》1998,4(3):76-80

分析了以往地质统计学确定估计领域域时的不足,提出了克立格估计方差、均值权,真值与估计值之间线性表达式的斜率、真值与估计值的相关系数以及克立格估值中的负权样品数等可作为确定克立格估计领域域大小的关键参数,对于脉状脉体而言,除了考虑以上参数外,还应限制矿体厚度方向上的大小。  相似文献   

基于Kriging水文地质层的三维建模与体视化   总被引：16，自引：0，他引：16  

颜辉武  祝国瑞  徐智勇  高山 《武汉大学学报(信息科学版)》2004,29(7):611-614

采用Kriging插值方法建立水文地质层三维模型，并利用体绘制技术进行可视化表达，在此基础上实现了基于体数据的任意剖切与三维交互。  相似文献   

Earthquake precursors detected by astronomical observations     

张国栋  韩延本  赵复垣 《地震学报(英文版)》2002,15(1):82-89

Introduction Some earthquake precursors can be obtained by analyzing the local vertical variation through monitoring the residual anomalies of both universal time and latitude obtained by astrometric observations, and such a view has been verified by different earthquakes (LI, et al, 1978; HAN, 1993). The deviation and increment of local plumb line are possibly caused by the change of direction of gravity acceleration that aroused by ground mass activities before earthquakes. The other part …  相似文献   

克里金插值模型在地面沉降监测中的应用     

陈雷  孟祥武 《北京测绘》2020,(5):691-695

变形监测在保障工程安全、建筑物的监测以及地质结构分析等方面扮演着重要的角色。尤其是在城市发展中,地面沉降更是非常突出的问题。本文针对目前通过精密水准或GNSS进行地面沉降监测存在监测点位离散,且分布不均的问题,提出采用克里金插值模型进行沉降量内插的设想,并通过北京局部沉降监测实测数据,对上述差值模型进行了验证和精度分析。结果表明克里金插值模型用于地面沉降监测数据内插是可行的。  相似文献   

Universal and Specific Features of Urbanization in Estonia under Socialism: The Empirical Evidence of the Sources of Urban and Rural Population Growth     

Tiit Tammaru 《The Professional geographer》2002,54(4):544-556

Analysts of urbanization in socialist countries have often taken firm positions on the nature of urbanization under this particular social context, defending either universalistic or specific standpoints. It has been a remarkable contribution to the understanding of urbanization under central planning through formulating some of the key arguments. The issues at stake have not been resolved, however, and more empirical work would be welcome. An explorative approach is therefore taken in the current article, with a view to finding additional empirical evidence for or against the diverse set of arguments previously made. It focuses on the sources of urban and rural population growth in Estonia during the Soviet period (1945–1991). The analysis helps us to better understand how different causes intermingled to produce the process of urban and rural population change, which had some common features that hold true in cross–country comparisons and some specific ones that Estonia offers to the mosaic of world urbanization.  相似文献   

Book Reviews     

《The Professional geographer》2002,54(4):557-586

Books reviewed in this article: Kurt E. Engelmann and Vjeran Pavlakovic (eds.), Rural Development in Eurasia and the Middle East: Land Reform, Demographic Change, and Environmental Constraints Gregory C. Randall, America's Original GI Town: Park Forest, Illinois John B. Rehder, Delta Sugar: Louisiana's Vanishing Plantation Landscape Cathy D. Knepper, Greenbelt, Maryland: A Living Legacy of the New Deal Char Miller (ed.), Fluid Arguments: Five Centuries of Western Water Conflict Edward F. Bergman, The Spiritual Traveler: New York City: The Guide to Sacred Spaces and Peaceful Places Rachel Pain, Michael Barke, Duncan Fuller, Jamie Gough, Robert MacFarlane, and Graham Mowl, Introducing Social Geographies Tor A. Benjaminsen, and Christian Lund, (eds.), Politics, Property, and Production in the West African Sahel: Understanding Natural Resources Management Al Gedicks, Resource Rebels: Native Challenges to Mining and Oil Corporations Maryann P. Feldman and Nadine Massard (eds.), Institutions and Systems in the Geography of Innovation Richard Foglesong, Married to the Mouse: Walt Disney World and Orlando Annick Germain, and Damaris Rose, Montréal: The Quest for a Metropolis George F. Rengert, Mark T. Mattson, and Kristin D. Henderson, Campus Security: Situational Crime Prevention in High–Density Environments Vaclav Smil, Feeding the World: A Challenge for the Twenty–First Century Pu Miao (ed.), Public Places in Asia Pacific Cities: Current Issues and Strategies Lisa M. Benton and John Rennie Short (eds.), Environmental Discourse and Practice: A Reader Philip Scranton (ed.), The Second Wave: Southern Industrialization from the 1940s to the 1970s Barry Dalal–Clayton and David Dent, Knowledge of the Land: Land Resources Information and Its Use in Rural Development  相似文献   

The storage potential of different surface coverings for various scale storms on Wu-Tu watershed,Taiwan     

Shin-Jen Cheng  Huey-Hong Hsieh  Cheng-Feng Lee  Yu-Ming Wang 《Natural Hazards》2008,44(1):129-146

An impervious surface cover is continuously spreading over the Wu-Tu upstream watershed due to the concentrated population and raised economical demands, while that area also frequently suffers from heavy storms or typhoons during the summer season. The increased flood volume due to this extended imperviousness causes a greater potential hazard than that of the past. In order to evaluate the urbanized impacts on the watershed, a set of methods were used to estimate the changes of the watershed storage. This research chose 51 observed events from three raingauges on the Wu-Tu upstream watershed, Taiwan, to study the volume characteristic of abstracted rainwater. In the study, the block Kriging method was used to estimate the area rainfall and the hourly excess was derived through the non-linear programing (NLP). A total of 40 samples were calibrated through the hydrological model and the Soil Conservation Service (SCS) model using the optimum seeking method in order to search out and establish the best parameters that illustrate the hydrological and geomorphic conditions at that time. Eleven cases were used to examine the established relationship of the parameters and the impervious coverings. A design storm approach was used to view the changes of the volume for various scale storms/typhoons because of the different degrees of urbanization. Then, a diagram was designed to show the relationships that exist among the runoff coefficient, return period, and impervious surface. The satisfactory results show that storage capability of rainwater for various scale storms on the Wu-Tu watershed would be respectively reduced about 42–156 cms in different decrements up to now.  相似文献   

线性模型的泛最小二乘法     

胡宏昌  游雪肖  徐侃 《测绘科学》2008,33(2):101-103,74

本文首先针对线性模型提出了泛最小二乘法,在设计矩阵不加限制的情形下,得到了参数的泛最小二乘估计量。该方法既发扬了最小二乘法的优点,又克服了它的一些不足,它包含了常见的岭估计和最小二乘估计法;其次讨论了泛最小二乘法的理论依据;接着研究了泛最小二乘估计量的一些统计性质,并与最小二乘估计进行比较,在一定意义上前者优于后者;然后讨论了平衡参数的选取问题;最后,给出一个应用,说明了泛最小二乘法的有效性和可行性。  相似文献   

空间预测的地统计学框架(英文)   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Jingxiong Zhang  Na Yao 《地球空间信息科学学报》2008,11(3):180-185

Geostatistics provides a coherent framework for spatial prediction and uncertainty assessment, whereby spatial dependence, as quantified by variograms, is utilized for best linear unbiased estimation of a regionalized variable at unsampied locations. Geostatistics for prediction of continuous regionalized variables is reviewed, with key methods underlying the derivation of major variants of uni-vafiate Kriging described in an easy-to-follow manner. This paper will contribute to demysti- fication and, hence, popularization of geostatistics in geoinformatics communities.  相似文献   

地统计学方法研究与应用——以甘肃省为例     

张国海  胡青峰  徐红利  任杰 《测绘与空间地理信息》2008,31(2):154-156

以甘肃省53个气象台站多年平均降水量和蒸发量为研究对象,运用地统计学分析方法,通过比较分析,分别采用指数模型和球状模型对降水量和蒸发量的半变异函数进行了拟合,并且应用克立格插值生成了年降水量与蒸发量的空间分布图,直观分析了研究对象的空间变异规律。  相似文献