快速城镇化背景下海岛农村居民点空间演变——以福建海坛岛为例     

苏木兰  戴文远  黄华富  郭强  黄剑彬 《热带地理》2016,36(6):1005-1018

以平潭综合实验区主岛--海坛岛为研究区,基于 2000、2009 和 2013 年 3 期 SPOT 遥感数据,运用单一土地利用动态度、马尔科夫转移矩阵模型、最近邻点统计量、核密度估计、探索性数据分析和空间“热点”探测方法定量分析海坛岛农村居民点时空分布特征及其演变规律,并从景观生态学角度深入分析农村居民点空间分布特征的影响因素。结果表明：1）2000―2013 年间农村居民点扩张明显,面积共增加 399.69 hm² ,主要转自耕地和林地,后期（2009―2013 年）的增量、增速均比前期（2000―2009 年）大,说明综合实验区的成立对海坛岛农村居民点扩张产生重要影响。2）海坛岛农村居民点扩展主要形式：一是块状扩展,即沿原有斑块向四周蔓延式向外扩展;二是带状扩展,即沿各乡镇的交通干线向两侧或某侧扩展。3）2000、2009 和 2013 年海坛岛农村居民点的空间分布均表现出显著的聚集特征,呈现高密度小规模集聚分布与低密度大规模集聚分布格局,且随时间变化,农村居民点集聚程度不断提高。4）坡度、地形起伏度、道路和河流等景观要素对海坛岛农村居民点的布局有显著影响,农村居民点主要分布在地势平坦、坡度平缓（0~10°）、近水源（距河流＜1 500 m）以及交通便利（距离道路＜500 m）的地方,且扩张趋势明显;反之,农村居民点分布明显较少。  相似文献   

A Review of “Maphead: Charting the Wide,Weird World of Geography Wonks”     

Katie Algeo 《The Professional geographer》2013,65(4):618-619

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Constructing Alterity in Ile De France?     

Anne-Marie d'Hauteserre 《Urban geography》2013,34(6):864-886

Abstract

The aim of the article is to determine whether the Walt Disney Company has manufactured a landscape “other” to French culture around its parks in the Eastern Paris Basin. Val d'Europe is contentiously constructed by three main groups, not just one enterprise: the French state, the Walt Disney Company and local and regional governments, as well as by present and future residents, within the constraints of a contract based on French laws. The Company's investment has been a tremendous boost to the French state's project but did not lead to Disneyfication of the Briard landscape of agricultural lands in the Eastern Paris basin. In Val d'Europe the French state did not abdicate its authority in favor of commoditization of Paris as a global metropolis. The French state and French culture were never “weak” and overwhelmed.  相似文献   

Ornamental plants and the production of nature(s) in the Spanish real estate boom and bust: the case of Alicante     

María Hernandez  Alfredo Morales 《Urban geography》2013,34(1):71-85

The Spanish real estate boom and bust of the 2000s caused immense economic, social, and environmental changes across the country. Massive urbanization, however, does not necessarily entail the end of nature and natural processes, instead marking a radical transformation of environments and societies. Through a political ecology approach, we analyze how ornamental species have become a fundamental part of new natures induced by urbanization in the Spanish province of Alicante. We connect the economic and ecological characteristics of ornamental plants like the palm tree to urbanization and real estate trends in Alicante. Our evidence indicates that, in Alicante, economic recession and environmental crises (manifested in the pests affecting palm trees) have mutually reinforced one other, creating a new geography of ecological desolation in many areas.  相似文献   

试论中国山区城镇化方向选择及对策   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

邓伟  唐伟 《山地学报》2013,31(2)

针对2012年中央经济工作会议上提出城镇化是我国现代化建设的历史任务,对中国山区城镇化现状、存在的问题进行分析,认为山区城镇化水平低且多呈无序状态,资源开发对山区城镇化的驱动作用较为明显,旅游业的发展则是山区城镇化的新动力.同时还从山区的边缘性、生态环境的脆弱性、经济结构的单一性、城镇空间组织的离散性及文化保护的重要性分析了山区城镇化的特殊性,初步提出“科学统筹、规划先行、中小城市为主、规模适度、高标准、集约化、特色化、功能化、可持续化”的山区城镇化发展的方向及相应的对策.  相似文献   

Spatial correlations between urbanization and river water pollution in the heavily polluted area of Taihu Lake Basin, China     

赵海霞  段学军  Becky STEWART  尤本胜  蒋晓威 《地理学报(英文版)》2013,23(4):735-752

Water pollution in the Taihu Lake Basin has been the focus of attention in China and abroad for a long time, due to its position in the forefront of urban development in China. Based on data gathering and processing from 84 monitoring sections in this heavily polluted area, this study first analyzes spatial patterns of urbanization and the distribution of river water pollution, and then uses the GeoDa bivariate spatial autocorrelation model to investigate the spatial correlation between urbanization and river water pollution at the scale of township units. The results show that urbanization has adverse impacts on water pollution, and the influence varies in different levels of development areas. The urban township units have the highest level of urbanization and highest pollution, but the best water quality; the suburban units have lower level of urbanization, but higher pollution and worse water quality; however the rural units have the lowest level of urbanization and lowest pollution, mainly affected by upstream pollution, but worst water quality. Lastly, urban and rural planning committees, while actively promoting the process of development in the region, should gradually resolve the issue of pollution control lagging behind urban life and urban develop- ment, giving priority to construction of centralized sewage treatment facilities and associated pipeline network coverage in the rural areas and suburban areas.  相似文献   

绿洲城市化与生态环境互动作用 关系研究进展   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李泽红  董锁成  李宇 《地理科学进展》2007,26(6):56-67

绿洲城市化与生态环境互动作用关系研究经历了萌芽、发展和多元化研究三个阶段。近年 来, 国内外学者继承了绿洲城市化与自然环境变迁关系的历史学分析, 多角度探讨了绿洲古城国 产生、繁荣和衰落过程中的自然因素和人为因素作用; 十分重视水资源约束下的流域绿洲城市化 研究, 基本确立水资源约束和上、中、下游协调发展为研究切入点; 非常注重绿洲城市化与生态环 境相互作用机理探究, 从中、长时间尺度分析了绿洲城市化与生态环境的耦合关系及其阶段性特 征; 广泛采用空间技术、复杂系统分析和数学分析等定量方法评估了城市化与生态环境的响应过 程; 普遍关注绿洲城市化对生态环境正负效应的辨析; 逐步加强对可持续绿洲城市化模式和对策 的探索, 并总结了绿洲城市化与生态环境协调发展的经验与教训。从研究趋势来看, 今后在研究 的可控性与对实践的指导性、多学科交叉研究和系统动态性研究等方面将得到加强。  相似文献   

Ancient dams,settlement archaeology and Buddhist propagation in central India: the hydrological background     

《水文科学杂志》2013,58(2):277-291

Abstract

A group of ancient dams (c. second—first century BC) was located during an archaeological study of the Sanchi area in central India. Comparison of reservoir volumes with estimated inflows suggests that their design was based on hydrological understanding.  相似文献   

Dark side of the planet: hidden dimensions of urban agglomeration     

Brian Jordan Jefferson 《Urban geography》2013,34(10):1581-1588

ABSTRACT

This intervention probes the hidden, political dimensions of planetary urbanization. Drawing on political theory, it approaches its analysis through the analytic of ‘the political,’ the dimension in which antagonism performs a constitutive function in the social order. In doing so the intervention throws into relief the ways in which group-based differentiation, conflict, and exclusion establish the conditions of possibility for ongoing transformations of urban agglomeration. It then develops a case for further exploring intersections of the political and capitalist agglomeration to generate new knowledge about current mutations in urban economies of space.  相似文献   

基于CA模型的旅游小镇增长的时空模拟与应用——以河北三坡镇为例   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

杨俊  席建超  解鹏  葛全胜  李雪铭  高航 《地理研究》2013,32(5):915-923

旅游小镇增长的时空模拟是城镇化影响下的土地利用/覆盖变化研究的重要手段。近年来旅游小镇的城镇化以其旅游业发展带动城镇发展的独特模式引起国内外学者的高度关注。论文以元胞自动机模型为基础,运用旅游小镇旅游城镇化增长模型,对河北省三坡镇的旅游城镇化发展进行模拟与预测。模拟结果显示:①2005-2010年研究区城镇增长主要围绕现有镇区范围扩展,全域年均增速为0.015 km²/年;②2010-2015年主要城镇增长区位于镇内距离景区较近的苟各庄村附近,全域年均增速为0.040 km²/年,其他区域则保持相对较为平稳的状态。研究表明元胞自动机模型在模拟旅游小镇演化具有较高的可靠性,为研究城镇化条件下区域生态景观格局变化提供前提保证,对于提高土地资源利用效率,保障小镇健康有序发展具有十分重要的意义。  相似文献