基于模糊数学评价法优化凡纳滨对虾真空微波干燥工艺     

段少奇  吉宏武  张迪  董行  许佳音  宋文奎  刘书成  郝记明  苏伟明 《广东海洋大学学报》2021,(2)

【目的】探求真空微波干燥凡纳滨对虾的最佳工艺条件,以期为开发凡纳滨对虾即食食品提供技术参考。【方法】以新鲜凡纳滨对虾为原料,模糊数学感官评分为主要考察指标,在单因素试验基础上,选择载装量A、功率B、真空度C为自变量,利用响应面法和模糊数学评价法对真空微波干燥工艺进行优化。【结果】以感官评定为基础对真空微波干燥凡纳滨对虾的品质进行权重分析,得到权重集K=(色泽0.335,滋味0.305,香气0.215,组织质地0.145)。建立二次多项回归方程:Y=84.588+1.084A+1.409B+1.700C-7.353A²-8.793B²-13.860C²,显示载装量A、功率B、真空度C对感官评分有极显著影响(P<0.01)。通过响应面分析,得到真空微波干燥凡纳滨对虾的最佳工艺条件:载装量75 g,加热功率400 W,真空度0.08 MPa。在此条件下,真空微波干燥凡纳滨对虾品质良好,感官评分为(85.6±0.07)分,与预测值85.92分误差较小。【结论】响应面法优化凡纳滨对虾真空微波干燥工艺具有操作简单、优化条件精确、结果显示直观等优点;建立的回归方程能反映装载量等三个因素对指标的影响规律,并可进行实际预测。  相似文献   

真空管井复合降水技术的试验分析     

赵云峰 《岩土工程技术》2011,25(5):261-266

在基坑开挖工过程中,经常会遇到弱透水性的饱和含水层,普通管井降水技术无法对其进行有效疏干,出现的残留水会对基坑安全造成重大影响,特别是地铁暗挖施工的站体及区间隧道。真空管井复合降水技术的新思路能够彻底改变这一局面,它能有效解决粘性土、饱和粉土和界面残留水的疏干难题,大大降低暗挖结构施工的危险性。  相似文献   

Bianchi Type-1 vacuum models in modified theory of general relativity     

R.C. Sahu  U.K. Panigrahi 《Astrophysics and Space Science》2003,288(4):499-508

In this paper, the problem of spatially homogeneous and an isotropic Bianchi type-1 space time with perfect fluid distribution is considered in Barber's second theory of gravitation. To obtain determinate solutions, we have assumed the equation of statep= γρ, 0 ≤ γ ≤ 1. It is observed that the general fluid distribution degenerates isotropic vacuum model whenγ = 1 and Λ < 0. Further it is observed that the vacuum model obtained in case of γ = 0, ρ = 0 andΛ = 0, reduces to well known Kasner model in Einstein's theory. Some physical and geometrical aspects of the models together with singularities in the models are also discussed This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

增压式真空预压处理软基的加固机理   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

沈宇鹏  冯瑞玲  余江  刘辉 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2012,42(3):792-797

常规的真空预压往往由于竖向排水板堵塞引起排水固结效果差、工期长。对此,笔者采用增压式真空预压处理某一站场软土地基弥补上述不足。通过分析对比增压式和常规真空预压处理方式下地基在加固期内的沉降、孔隙水压力变化特征,评价增压条件下的处理效果。结果表明：采用增压式真空预压三、四区地表沉降量明显大于常规处理的一区,且孔隙水压力消散速度也快于一区;而1.0 m间距的三区产生的预压沉降量较1.2 m间距的四区增加约30%;增压式真空预压利用增压管的增压作用能加速软基排水过程并改良排水板易淤积的不良性能。  相似文献   

Mechanism test on inhomogeneity of dredged fill during vacuum preloading consolidation     

Yingguang Fang  Junwen Huang 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2013,31(8):1007-1017

Abstract

First, this article presents a simulation experiment of hydraulic reclamation, and then a vacuum preloading (VP) test using the sedimentary soil obtained by the first experiment. In the VP test, the distribution and variation of different physico-mechanical parameters before and after the treatment were tested. According to the test results, the concept “non-Terzaghi soil” is proposed to explain the inhomogeneity and its mechanism rendered by “seepage separation.” And then a staged VP (SVP) drainage consolidation method has been introduced to improve the inhomogeneity and seepage curtain phenomena around prefabricated vertical drains (PVDs) during the consolidation. The test results demonstrate that the clogging problem around PVDs has been prevented and the consolidation efficiency has been promoted after the SVP test. It has been noticed that the cumulative drainage volume and the settlement displacement of SVP test were 27% and 24%, respectively, greater than that of VP test, and the soil tends to be more homogeneous. Moreover, it has been shown that the inhomogeneity degree of the permeability coefficient, unit weight, void ratio, water content, cohesion, internal friction angle, compression modulus, and the soil surface settlement in slurry after the SVP test were 3.10, 1.02, 1.03, 1.09, 2.30, 1.92, 1.19, and 1.02, whereas that after VP test was 397.27, 1.07, 1.40, 1.40, 4.74, 3.00, 1.76, and 1.22. Finally, the mechanism of SVP method has been discussed.  相似文献   

新近吹填淤泥地基负压传递特性及分布模式研究     

鲍树峰  莫海鸿  董志良  陈平山  邱青长 《岩土力学》2014,35(12):3569-3576

为深入了解无砂垫层真空预压技术加固新近吹填淤泥地基过程中的负压传递特性和分布模式,依托珠海港高栏港区某新近吹填淤泥地基处理工程开展了现场试验研究,研究结果表明：（1）土工合成材料水平排水垫层中的负压损失程度较严重,至少为16%;整个排水系统内的负压损失程度也较严重,最严重的高达57%。（2）不同深度处土体中的负压传递特性一定程度上受相应位置处淤泥自重沉积规律的影响,粗颗粒含量高的深度位置,其负压衰减程度相应较低;但总体来讲,负压从竖井向土体传递过程中的损失程度很严重,至少67%,这是新近吹填淤泥地基经无砂垫层真空预压技术加固后土体强度增长有限的主要原因。最后,明确给出了该类地基的负压分布模式：水平排水垫层中的负压可考虑为随时间变化的线性衰减模式,而竖向排水体中的负压可考虑为随时间变化的非线性衰减模式。  相似文献   

吹填软土低位真空预压室内试验及其数值模拟     

杨爱武  潘亚轩  尚英杰  吴可龙 《岩土力学》2019,40(2):539-548

以天津滨海新区临港工业区吹填软土为试验材料,以普通型竖向排水板、改进型竖向排水板及改进型横向排水板进行室内低位真空预压试验。结果表明,利用普通型竖向排水板进行低位真空预压试验,在真空-堆载联合作用下,28 d表层土体强度达到10 kPa,但中间土体强度偏低,整体呈两边硬中间软的夹心层;以改进型竖向排水板进行低位真空预压试验,前10 d土体强度增长与普通型竖向排水板试验接近,后期土体强度增长明显比前者快,28 d表层土体强度达到12 kPa,中间土体强度略有提高,但整体均匀性仍较差;以改进型横向排水板进行低位真空预压试验,28 d表层土体强度达到11 kPa,强度增长比改进型竖向排水板试验慢,但中部土体强度和整体均匀性均优于改进型竖向排水板试验。基于上述试验成果,运用有限元模拟低位真空预压试验过程,计算沉降量和孔隙水压力并与实测数据对比,发现两种竖向排水板试验计算结果与实测数据吻合较好,改进型横向排水板试验稍差,但基本上都能反映低位真空预压过程中土体沉降量和孔隙水压力变化趋势。  相似文献   

Newly developed technique and analysis solution to accelerate consolidation of ultrasoft soil     

Chen Geng  Shi Jiangwei  Chen Long 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2017,35(2):292-299

Plastic vertical drainage is widely used in vacuum preloading for soft soil treatment. However, plastic vertical drainage has a number of disadvantages such as it only provides drainage paths in vertical directions and the distribution of soil strength is not uniform. A new technique, prefabricated vertical–horizontal drainage, was developed in this study to shorten the consolidation time of ultrasoft soil. Using one vertical drainage tube and four horizontal drainage tubes, prefabricated vertical–horizontal drainage provides drainage paths not only in vertical but also in horizontal directions. An analytical solution was derived to calculate the degree of soil consolidation when using the prefabricated vertical–horizontal drainage technique. Field tests were conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of prefabricated vertical–horizontal drainage and to verify the proposed analytical solution. It was found that consolidation time of soft clays using prefabricated vertical–horizontal drainage was 50% lower than plastic vertical drainage. Moreover, the average undrained shear strength of soil treated by the prefabricated vertical–horizontal drainage technique was approximately 30% larger than that treated by the plastic vertical drainage technique. The degree of soil consolidation estimated from the proposed analytical solution showed good agreement with field measurements. This implies that the proposed analytical solution can be used to directly estimate the degree of consolidation when the soil is treated by prefabricated vertical–horizontal drainage.  相似文献   

高真空与脉冲放电气相色谱联用装置研发及其在岩石脱气化学分析中的应用   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0  

李立武  刘艳  王先彬  张铭杰  曹春辉  邢蓝田  李中平 《岩矿测试》2017,36(3):222-230

岩石中气体化学组成的分析具有重要意义。载气保护下的岩石脱气,过程比较复杂;高真空下岩石脱气的气相色谱分析报道较少,一般不能测量气体的总量;真空脱气质谱法对于分子量相近的气体,很难进行测量。针对上述问题,本文研制了高真空岩石样品脱气分析装置,该装置真空度10-4Pa,空白样品压强0.1 Pa,N2含量测量精度为0.63%,标准温压下最少可测样品量1 mm3。将其与带脉冲放电检测器的气相色谱仪联用,实现了岩石脱气及其微升量级气体化学组成的高灵敏气相色谱分析。利用本系统分析了五大连池火山岩、松辽盆地储层岩石和四川盆地页岩样品中释放的气体,结果表明:相比以往的实验装置和方法,该系统能够直接测量岩石脱出气体的总量,分段加热脱气分析样品用量更少,气体组成分析灵敏度更高,检测的主要成分是岩石脱气常见的成分,针对性较强。  相似文献   

高黏性新近吹填淤泥真空预压试验颗粒流宏微观分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

雷华阳  王铁英  张志鹏  卢海滨  刘敏 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2017,(6):1784-1794

为了从宏观和微观角度探讨颗粒组成对淤堵层形成机理和加固效果的影响规律,依托天津某新近吹填造陆工程,先进行直排式真空预压法室内模型试验,然后基于颗粒流理论和PFC2D程序,在解决模拟过程中颗粒级配和孔隙比的二维转换、排水边界的等效模拟、真空渗流场的施加等问题后,对模型进行有效的模拟计算,进而将结果推广,开展了不同颗粒组成吹填土真空预压试验的颗粒流模拟,总结了排水速率变化及颗粒运移规律。结果表明:对吹填土真空预压过程进行二维颗粒流数值模拟是有效可行的;真空预压过程中细颗粒沿渗透路径迁移,在沿途滞留,导致渗透路径变短变窄,从而形成淤堵层;对于高黏性新近吹填淤泥,在相同真空荷载作用下,黏粒质量分数越大,初期排水速率增长越快,并且随着土体不均匀系数的提高,淤堵层变得易于形成且致密,排水速率衰减越快;粉粒质量分数越大,土体孔隙率变化越均匀,尤其当粉粒质量分数大于黏粒质量分数时,真空预压加固效果有明显改善。  相似文献