Bianchi Type-1 vacuum models in modified theory of general relativity     

R.C. Sahu  U.K. Panigrahi 《Astrophysics and Space Science》2003,288(4):499-508

In this paper, the problem of spatially homogeneous and an isotropic Bianchi type-1 space time with perfect fluid distribution is considered in Barber's second theory of gravitation. To obtain determinate solutions, we have assumed the equation of statep= γρ, 0 ≤ γ ≤ 1. It is observed that the general fluid distribution degenerates isotropic vacuum model whenγ = 1 and Λ < 0. Further it is observed that the vacuum model obtained in case of γ = 0, ρ = 0 andΛ = 0, reduces to well known Kasner model in Einstein's theory. Some physical and geometrical aspects of the models together with singularities in the models are also discussed This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

吹填土次固结系数影响因素的试验研究     

邹宇  王清  苑晓青  郑浩然  张明瑞  吕赫  项乃亮 《世界地质》2012,31(3):578-583

围海造陆已成为沿海地区土地开发的重要手段,为解决吹填土地基过量的工后沉降问题,本文对自行配制的吹填土进行了一系列一维固结试验,探讨了不同加荷时间、加荷比、预压荷载大小对吹填土次固结系数的影响。结果表明: 加荷初期,加荷时间对次固结系数影响较大; 吹填土的主次固结划分与加荷比有关; 不同加荷比下的土样次固结系数的终值趋于相等; 次固结系数受预压荷载的影响,表现先增后减的变化规律,当固结压力等于先期固结压力时,次固结系数达到峰值。  相似文献   

增压式真空预压处理软基的加固机理   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

沈宇鹏  冯瑞玲  余江  刘辉 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2012,42(3):792-797

常规的真空预压往往由于竖向排水板堵塞引起排水固结效果差、工期长。对此,笔者采用增压式真空预压处理某一站场软土地基弥补上述不足。通过分析对比增压式和常规真空预压处理方式下地基在加固期内的沉降、孔隙水压力变化特征,评价增压条件下的处理效果。结果表明：采用增压式真空预压三、四区地表沉降量明显大于常规处理的一区,且孔隙水压力消散速度也快于一区;而1.0 m间距的三区产生的预压沉降量较1.2 m间距的四区增加约30%;增压式真空预压利用增压管的增压作用能加速软基排水过程并改良排水板易淤积的不良性能。  相似文献   

吹填场区双层软黏土地基超载比与卸载控制试验研究     

雷华阳  任倩  卢海滨  李宾 《岩土力学》2016,37(11):3072-3078

对于围海造陆工程所开展的超载预压处理方法,地基处理效果通常采用后续变形大小来评价,其大小与超载比和卸载控制时间密切相关。针对天津滨海地区围海造陆工程所形成的典型的上软、下硬的双层软黏土地基,采用改装的固结仪进行了多种超载比和卸载控制时间的试验研究,提出了适宜的超载比和最佳超载作用时间。试验表明：双层软黏土地基超载比大于0.375,超载作用时间超过主固结时间时,超载卸除后地基变形以回弹变形为主,后续的工后沉降将明显减小,减小幅度可高达70%以上;超载卸除后的土体次固结系数明显减小,减小的幅度随超载比的增大、超载作用时间的增加而减小;不同于均质地基和上硬下软的双层地基,上软、下硬双层地基的工后沉降以上部软土层沉降为主,约占总沉降量的73%以上。根据不同超载比和超载作用时间下土体的变形时程曲线,建议适宜天津滨海地区围海造陆工程软黏土地基的超载比控制在0.5以下,超载作用时间控制在1～3倍的主固结时间内。  相似文献   

预压作用下软土微观结构试验及弹黏塑性模型研究     

扈胜霞 《岩土力学》2013,34(Z2):161-167

为了揭示软土固结蠕变机制,计算软基“工后沉降”,开展了室内模拟真空、堆载以及真空-堆载联合预压加固软土的固结蠕变三轴试验及三轴试验前、后的微观结构试验。建立了能考虑微观结构改变的弹黏塑性(EVP)软土蠕变模型。研究结果表明：原状软土样在真空预压、堆载预压、联合预压3种预压荷载作用下,固结过程和蠕变过程具有耦合效应;土体微观结构参数的改变与宏观工程性质的改变具有相辅相成的关系;EVP模型弱化了具体应力路径的变化,其反映弹性的参数和反映黏塑性的参数可由微观结构参数确定;改进的EVP模型既能计算土体的弹黏塑性变形,也考虑了土体微观结构的变化,能更全面地反映土变形的实质。  相似文献   

Mechanism test on inhomogeneity of dredged fill during vacuum preloading consolidation     

Yingguang Fang  Junwen Huang 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2013,31(8):1007-1017

Abstract

First, this article presents a simulation experiment of hydraulic reclamation, and then a vacuum preloading (VP) test using the sedimentary soil obtained by the first experiment. In the VP test, the distribution and variation of different physico-mechanical parameters before and after the treatment were tested. According to the test results, the concept “non-Terzaghi soil” is proposed to explain the inhomogeneity and its mechanism rendered by “seepage separation.” And then a staged VP (SVP) drainage consolidation method has been introduced to improve the inhomogeneity and seepage curtain phenomena around prefabricated vertical drains (PVDs) during the consolidation. The test results demonstrate that the clogging problem around PVDs has been prevented and the consolidation efficiency has been promoted after the SVP test. It has been noticed that the cumulative drainage volume and the settlement displacement of SVP test were 27% and 24%, respectively, greater than that of VP test, and the soil tends to be more homogeneous. Moreover, it has been shown that the inhomogeneity degree of the permeability coefficient, unit weight, void ratio, water content, cohesion, internal friction angle, compression modulus, and the soil surface settlement in slurry after the SVP test were 3.10, 1.02, 1.03, 1.09, 2.30, 1.92, 1.19, and 1.02, whereas that after VP test was 397.27, 1.07, 1.40, 1.40, 4.74, 3.00, 1.76, and 1.22. Finally, the mechanism of SVP method has been discussed.  相似文献   

Numerical analysis of surcharge preloading consolidation of layered soils via distributed sand blankets     

Ruidan Yao  Pengpeng Ni 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2013,31(8):902-914

Abstract

Surcharge preloading consolidation of soft soils often implements a layer of fully arranged aggregate materials. The volume of drained water is abundant at the early stage of consolidation, but it reduces at middle and later stages, during which the fully arranged sand blanket will be a waste. In this investigation, a concept of distributed sand blankets is proposed to save aggregate materials. A series of finite element analyses have been performed on layered soils with distributed sand blankets. A mixed type of drainage boundary is assigned to a representative model, where a half sand blanket is perfectly pervious and a half width of soil among sand blankets is impervious. From parametric study, it has been found that a pave ratio between sand blankets and the total soil width can be selected in a range of 40%–60%, which will save aggregates by approximately 50% but cause an increase of consolidation time by less than 10%. For a fixed pave ratio, more evenly spaced sand strips with smaller width should be employed to optimize the design. The effectiveness of distributed sand blankets is not influenced by the anisotropy of hydraulic conductivity, elastic modulus, Poisson’s ratio, and thickness in multiple soil layers.  相似文献   

新近吹填淤泥地基负压传递特性及分布模式研究     

鲍树峰  莫海鸿  董志良  陈平山  邱青长 《岩土力学》2014,35(12):3569-3576

为深入了解无砂垫层真空预压技术加固新近吹填淤泥地基过程中的负压传递特性和分布模式,依托珠海港高栏港区某新近吹填淤泥地基处理工程开展了现场试验研究,研究结果表明：（1）土工合成材料水平排水垫层中的负压损失程度较严重,至少为16%;整个排水系统内的负压损失程度也较严重,最严重的高达57%。（2）不同深度处土体中的负压传递特性一定程度上受相应位置处淤泥自重沉积规律的影响,粗颗粒含量高的深度位置,其负压衰减程度相应较低;但总体来讲,负压从竖井向土体传递过程中的损失程度很严重,至少67%,这是新近吹填淤泥地基经无砂垫层真空预压技术加固后土体强度增长有限的主要原因。最后,明确给出了该类地基的负压分布模式：水平排水垫层中的负压可考虑为随时间变化的线性衰减模式,而竖向排水体中的负压可考虑为随时间变化的非线性衰减模式。  相似文献   

一次性免堆载预压技术研究与应用          下载免费PDF全文

冯士广  纪燕祥  尹春播  丁宁宁  赵志杰  孙宇佳  何若梅  戚霁  侯永革  邸凯强 《探矿工程》2019,46(5):72-77

软土地基处理恰当与否,关系到整个工程质量、投资和进度,其重要性已越来越多地被人们所认识。通过开展一次性免堆载预压技术研究,根据排水固结原理及桩体自身抗拔力,用三维固结筒实现饱和软土无外来荷载条件下的一次性快速排水固结,提高地基土抗剪强度、降低压缩性、改善透水性及动力特征。  相似文献   

吹填软土低位真空预压室内试验及其数值模拟     

杨爱武  潘亚轩  尚英杰  吴可龙 《岩土力学》2019,40(2):539-548

以天津滨海新区临港工业区吹填软土为试验材料,以普通型竖向排水板、改进型竖向排水板及改进型横向排水板进行室内低位真空预压试验。结果表明,利用普通型竖向排水板进行低位真空预压试验,在真空-堆载联合作用下,28 d表层土体强度达到10 kPa,但中间土体强度偏低,整体呈两边硬中间软的夹心层;以改进型竖向排水板进行低位真空预压试验,前10 d土体强度增长与普通型竖向排水板试验接近,后期土体强度增长明显比前者快,28 d表层土体强度达到12 kPa,中间土体强度略有提高,但整体均匀性仍较差;以改进型横向排水板进行低位真空预压试验,28 d表层土体强度达到11 kPa,强度增长比改进型竖向排水板试验慢,但中部土体强度和整体均匀性均优于改进型竖向排水板试验。基于上述试验成果,运用有限元模拟低位真空预压试验过程,计算沉降量和孔隙水压力并与实测数据对比,发现两种竖向排水板试验计算结果与实测数据吻合较好,改进型横向排水板试验稍差,但基本上都能反映低位真空预压过程中土体沉降量和孔隙水压力变化趋势。  相似文献