一种新的地图数据检索方法及其应用软件     

王桥 《武汉大学学报(信息科学版)》1993,(4)

本文提出了一种新的实用地图数据检索方法——“放大镜”式地图数据检索,建立了相应的软件系统,并讨论了该方法的数学基础、软件的特点,还给出了应用实例。  相似文献   

Structural pattern in the Precambrian rocks of Sonua-Lotapahar region,North Singhbhum,eastern India     

Dhruba Mukhopadhyay  Tapas Bhattacharya  Tapan Chakraborty  Arun Kanti Dey 《Journal of Earth System Science》1990,99(2):249-268

In the western part of the North Singhbhum fold belt near Lotapahar and Sonua the remobilized basement block of Chakradharpur Gneiss is overlain by a metasedimentary assemblage consisting of quartz arenite, conglomerate, slate-phyllite, greywacke with volcanogenic material, volcaniclastic rocks and chert. The rock assemblage suggests an association of volcanism, turbidite deposition and debris flow in the basin. The grade of metamorphism is very low, the common metamorphic minerals being muscovite, chlorite, biotite and stilpnomelane. Three phases of deformation have affected the rocks. The principal D1 structure is a penetrative planar fabric, parallel to or at low angle to bedding. No D1 major fold is observed and the regional importance of this deformation is uncertain. The D2 deformation has given rise to a number of northerly plunging major folds on E-W axial planes. These have nearly reclined geometry and theL ₂lineation is mostly downdip on theS ₂surface, though some variation in pitch is observed. The morphology of D2 planar fabric varies from slaty cleavage/schistosity to crenulation cleavage and solution cleavage. D3 deformation is weak and has given rise to puckers and broad warps on schistosity and bedding. The D2 major folds south of Lotapahar are second order folds in the core of the Ongarbira syncline whose easterly closure is exposed east of the mapped area. Photogeological study suggests that the easterly and westerly closing folds together form a large synclinal sheath fold. There is a continuity of structures from north to south and no mylonite belt is present, though there is attenuation and disruption along the fold limbs. Therefore, the Singhbhum shear zone cannot be extended westwards in the present area. There is no evidence that in this area a discontinuity surface separates two orogenic belts of Archaean and Proterozoic age.  相似文献   

澜沧—耿马7.6级地震前中小地震活动信息熵和分维的研究     

朱令人  王海涛 《内陆地震》1990,4(4):310-318

从信息论原理和分形几何学的观点出发,采用多种方法,分析研究1988年澜沧—耿马7.6级地震前地震活动的信息、信息熵和分维的变化特征表明,地震前1—2年内,中、小地震活动的信息熵、缺信量和容量维、信息维出现明显的低值变化过程,反映了地震前兆的减熵、降维特点,从一个侧面反映了大震前,一定区域内中、小地震活动的时空变化从无序向有序的演化过程。  相似文献   

Slope-induced changes in channel character along a gravel-bed stream: The Allt Dubhaig,Scotland     

Rob Ferguson  Phil Ashworth 《地球表面变化过程与地形》1991,16(1):65-82

Changes in channel character along a small river in the Scottish Highlands are described using measurements in seven reaches over a 3 km length with no significant tributaries but a decline in slope from 0.02 to 0.00015 because of local baselevel control. This decline in slope is associated with rapid downstream fining of the gravel bed followed by an abrupt transition to a sand bed. The channel pattern alters progressively rather than abruptly, in the sequence (1) near-braided, (2) meandering with active point-bar chutes, (3) meandering with active outer-bank talweg, (4) stable equiwidth sinuous. The changes in channel pattern and hydraulic geometry are predicted better by rational approaches based on critical shear stress or other physical concepts than by purely empirical discriminant or trend equations. Measurements in five reaches confirm a downstream decrease in shear stress and the amount and calibre of bedload. It is argued that the downstream changes in channel character in this stream are induced by profile concavity inherited from deglacial conditions, are typical of many streams in mountainous areas and can be understood in terms of slope-induced changes in hydraulic properties.  相似文献   

以地震烈度为参数的地震危险性分析方法     

汪梦甫 《华南地震》1994,14(1):38-43

在严格限定地震烈度是一有序分类变量，等震线是烈度分区的外包线的基础上，建立了一种新的地震烈度衰减关系，给出了计算场地地震烈度发生概率的计算公式。  相似文献   

水压致裂煤层裂缝发育特点的研究   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5       下载免费PDF全文

李同林 《地球科学》1994,19(4):537-545

本文对煤岩基本力学性质、煤层水压致裂缝形成条件、裂缝形态以及裂缝开裂角方位等基本理论进行了研究与探讨，通过大量煤岩力学性质测试，证实了试验区目的层煤岩弹性模量低，泊松比较高，脆性大，易破碎，易压缩。文章还得出了目的层煤岩Ｍｏｈｒ断裂准则二次抛物线型包络线，煤层水压致裂裂缝形式判断，裂缝开裂角方位的计算公式以及有关结论。  相似文献   

Equilibrium bank geometry and the width of shallow sandbed streams     

James E. Pizzuto 《地球表面变化过程与地形》1984,9(3):199-207

Cross-sections of 16 straight sandbed streams in Minnesota, Iowa, and Nebraska were surveyed. Two stratigraphic horizons were found in the banks at each site, an upper cohesive unit usually composed of silt and clay and a lower unit composed of sand. Bank erosion on these rivers occurs when the upper cohesive unit is undercut by scour at bends. The overhanging cohesive block fails by beam or cantilever failure. As upper bank failure is a direct result of undercutting, the stability and rate of retreat of the bank are largely determined by erosion of the sandy part of the bank. The cohesive layer has little influence on bank retreat and width adjustment on the rivers studied here. A quantitative lateral sediment transport model developed by Parker (1978a) is used to calculate the steady-state geometry of the sandy part of the bank. Results are obtained for the shape, length, and height of the sandy part of the bank. The model predicts the length of the bank fairly well, and the theoretical equation for the height of the bank is of the correct form. The model, however, overestimates the slope of the bank. The height of the sandy part of the bank (D_b) is approximately equal to the depth of the mean annual flow. Since D_b is determined by the lateral sediment transport model, the width (W) may be obtained from the equation of continuity (Q = WD_bV), published flow (Q) data, and a resistance equation for the mean velocity, V. The calculated widths are similar to those measured in the field.  相似文献   

变比例尺地图投影系统     

胡毓钜 《武汉大学学报(信息科学版)》1987,(2)

本文对编制城市游览图提出了变比例尺地图投影系统。通过由普通城市平面图向辅助球面作逆投影A,再由辅助球面向平面作非A投影,构成了变比例尺地图的数学基础。由不同性质的投影的组合,能起到适应不同城市街区结构的特点。使本系统具有相当的灵活性。文中还讨论了辅助球适宜的大小和不同方位投影之间的变换公式。文末试作了北京市的变比例尺地图。  相似文献   

复合褶皱数学模型的应用     

刘德良  杨晓勇  陈增兵 《安徽地质》1995,(4)

为便于对褶皱构造的几何形态进行描述、概括和实际应用，在划分出两个基本类型褶皱的基础上，用数学方程式对五种叠加褶皱进行了表述，这样，利用计算机可以快速准确地获得叠加褶皱的具体形态。  相似文献   

区域化变量的空间聚类分析     

陈明 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》1995,(2)

传统的聚类分析方法利用数据对平均值的偏差，研究变量之间的相互关系。当它应用于区域化变量的分类时，因缺乏对区域化变量的空间结构的考虑，对合理解释区域化变量之间的相互关系不利。空间聚类分析方法比较好地解决了这个问题。本文介绍了该方法的基本原理及其算法，并说明了它在非条件模拟及在某矿区中的应用情况  相似文献