双峰式火山岩与块状硫化物矿床   总被引：13，自引：0，他引：13  

姜福芝 《矿床地质》2001,20(4):331-338

双峰式火山岩不仅是火山成因块状硫化物矿床中最常见的含矿岩石组合，而且也是研究其古成矿地质背景和成矿作用的主要依据之一。笔者收集了我国以及世界一些著名火山成因块状硫化物矿床和矿带的含矿建造资料，其中包括含矿建筑的岩石组合、形成时代和层序、火山岩的岩石组合和岩石化学、产出的大地构造环境等等。整理结果表明，双峰式火山岩是火山成因块状硫化物矿床的最佳含矿岩石组合；它们主要产五各个时期的造山火山岩类，产生了有利成矿组分浓集的巨大热液循环系统及适宜原（海水深度和封闭条件良好的）含矿流体集积的沉陷盆地（裂谷），从而为成群成带的VHMS型矿床的形成提供了有利的地质环境。  相似文献   

祁漫塔格陆相火山岩：塔里木陆块南缘印支期活动大陆边缘的岩石学证据   总被引：8，自引：4，他引：8  

刘红涛 《岩石学报》2001,17(3):337-351

在东昆仑北部的祁漫塔格山地区发育一套晚三叠世陆相火山岩，这套火山岩主要由英安－流纹质熔岩和火山碎屑岩构成，并含有少量的玄武安山岩和安山岩夹层，岩石组合类似于消减带之上的玄武岩－安山岩－英安岩－流纹岩组合，其岩相特征与安第斯火山岩带发育的“灰流凝灰岩”组合基本一致，岩石地球化学研究表明，它属于典型的钙碱系列岩石（CA＝59），并具有富钾特点；以富集大离子亲石元素，亏损高场强元素为重要特征，具有稀土总量较高（REE＝151．26－288．43ug/g)，轻稀土富集（LaCN/YbCN=8.42-21.77)和轻微－中等程度的负铕异常（Eu=0.25-0.82）的球粒陨石标准化稀土元素配分图谱，根据上述岩石地球化学特征并结合其发育的区域地质条件，认为这套火山岩类似于中安第斯的弧火山岩，其形成的大地构造环境应活动大陆边缘，采集于火山岩东，西两个剖面中的两组同位素测年样品，获得的全岩Rb-Sr等时线年龄分别为208Ma和222Ma，指示火山岩的喷发时代相当于晚三叠世晚期（印支晚期）。根据同位素测年样品的地理分布，推断该期火山活动在西部喷发较早，东部则相对较晚。由于这套火山岩发育在昆仑造山带北侧与塔里木陆块的接合部位的祁浸塔格山地区，因而推断在印支晚期昆仑洋壳曾经向塔里木陆声发生过强烈的B消减事件，导致在塔里木陆块南缘发育大规模弧岩浆活动；本研究认为，这套陆相火山岩与本区的同时代（或稍晚）花岗岩类共同构成了塔里木陆块南缘的印支期弧岩浆带。  相似文献   

古亚洲洋对华北陆缘岩石圈的改造作用：来自于西山南大岭组中基性火山岩的地球化学证据   总被引：12，自引：9，他引：12  

李晓勇  范蔚茗郭锋王岳军  李超文 《岩石学报》2004,20(3):557-566

北京西山南大岭组中基性火山岩都表现出LREE富集的右倾平滑稀土配分模式,具有富集LILE(如Ba、K),亏损Nb-Ta和Th-U的微量元素特征,Sr同位素组成中等富集,Nd同位素组成变化较大.根据其元素地球化学和同位素特征可以划分两组岩石Ⅰ组火山岩主要为亚碱性玄武岩,高Ti(TiO2＞1.7%)、P(P2O5＞0.7%),Ⅱ组火山岩主要由安山岩和亚碱性玄武岩组成,低Ti(TiO2＜1.3%)、P(P2O5＜0.5%);Ⅰ组火山岩总体上较Ⅱ组火山岩高相容元素(如Cr、Ni)、REE和HFSE,二者化学成分上渐变演化趋势不明显;Ⅰ组火山岩Sr-Nd同位素组成(87Sr/86Sr(t)=0.705939～0.706057,εNd(t)=-7.4～-7.5)与Ⅱ组火山岩Sr-Nd同位素组成(87Sr/86Sr(t)=0.705822～0.706697,εNdd(t)=-12.0～-13.5)有明显的差别,以上事实说明两组岩石可能来源于不同的地幔源区.对比于周缘地区中生代基性火山岩特征,西山地区南大岭组两组火山岩的Sr-Nd同位素组成和Nb/La、Hf/Sm比值都介于华北陆块内部和兴蒙造山带之间,反映了其熔融地幔源区继承了华北陆块内部的EMI型地幔特征外,还很可能受到俯冲板片交代作用的影响,暗示了古亚洲洋板块消减过程对华北陆缘岩石圈地幔的改造作用.其相对Ba-La明显的Th-U亏损,可能暗示早期有古老下地壳组分再循环到地幔源区.结合南大岭组中基性火山岩沿断裂带局限分布特点和区域早中生代构造-热年代学格架,我们认为南大岭组中基性火山岩形成于陆内伸展环境,即深大断裂带再次活动,导致软流圈上隆,从而诱发俯冲交代改造的古老岩石圈地幔减压熔融而成.  相似文献   

阿尔金山拉配泉地区元古宙裂谷火山岩系及其构造意义   总被引：8，自引：2，他引：8  

孙勇  刘池阳 《地质论评》1997,43(1):17-24

阿尔金山拉配泉之北，拉配泉断裂和阿尔金北缘断裂夹持的火山岩片为一套典型的双峰式大陆裂谷火山岩系，基性端员属碱性系列和亚碱性系列，亚碱性系列可分为钙碱性系列和拉斑玄武岩系列，酸性端员均属钙碱性关系，基性火山岩Ｓｍ－Ｎｄ同位素年龄为１７９３±２７０（２σ）Ｍａ，εＮｄ＝６．４±１．４。稀土元素地球化学特征表明，基性火山岩以轻稀土富集配分型式为主，个别样品呈ＭＯＲＢ型平坦配分型式，酸性火山岩以轻稀土高度  相似文献   

Elliptical boundary of an intraplate volcanic field, Auckland, New Zealand     

K. Bernhard Sprli  Vera R. Eastwood 《Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research》1997,79(3-4)

The outer vents in the Auckland Volcanic Field lie within 19 to 559 m (mean 224.75 m) of a ‘best-fit' ellipse with a 28.9-km-long major axis trending almost north–south, and a minor axis 16.5 km long. The ellipse has formed the outer boundary of the field since the inception of volcanism 140,000 years ago. We present the following testable hypotheses as an explanation of this pattern: The boundary is the expression of a corresponding elliptical source area at depth in the lithospheric mantle (possibly asthenosphere material trapped at this level). The ellipse may represent a depth contour on a very small upper mantle dome or of a lens intruding into a neck of an extensional structure. Alternatively it could be the boundary of a flat elliptical area where tensional stresses allow decompressional melting. The elliptical tensional region may either have developed in a releasing bend during strike-slip faulting along a fundamental lithosphere structure inherited from Mesozoic tectonics, associated with the NNW-trending Dun Mountain ophiolite belt, or may represent the tip of a fracture along which the Auckland Volcanic Province is propagating northward.  相似文献   

下扬子区早二叠世孤峰期泥化火山岩   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8  

夏邦栋  钟立荣 《地质论评》1994,40(1):64-73

下扬子区早二叠世弧峰组是以层状硅岩为主的海相层系，厚度为２０－８０ｍ。在硅岩层间产出火山岩，火山岩夹层的厚度小但层数众多，并几乎已全部泥化。但仍保留着残留的流动构造；长石、磷灰石、黑云母、角闪石等矿物或其晶屑以及各种形态的玻屑。在大量蒙脱石、伊利石、绿泥石等因泥化而形成的火山岩中特征性矿物。根据宏观及显微镜下特征、岩石化学成分的不同特征进行判断，火山岩包含有基性熔岩、酸性凝灰岩，还有大量含火山碎屑  相似文献   

新疆富蕴县苏普特一带双峰式火山岩的发现及其地质意义   总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9       下载免费PDF全文

周刚秦纪华张招崇张立武应立娟阿合买提&#  加尼木汗毛伟民何斌邓江蔡永彪 《地质论评》2007,53(3):337-348

新疆阿尔泰苏普特一带中泥盆统阿勒泰组为一套以玄武质岩石为主的双峰式火山岩组合,下部以变质玄武岩为主,夹少量流纹岩,中部以变质玄武岩、玄武质凝灰岩、沉凝灰岩为主,夹少量酸性火山岩及其碎屑岩,上部流纹质岩石有所增加。玄武质岩石往往变质为角闪片岩、绿帘阳起石片岩等,属拉斑玄武岩系列,低SiO2、K2O,高Ti,富Na、Rb、Ba、Th、U等,轻稀土略富集,无明显铕异常,Nb负异常明显,相似于MORB和岛弧型玄武岩的某些特征,与弧后盆地玄武岩的特征基本一致。流纹质岩石属钙碱性系列,高SiO2,低K2O,为钠质型;大离子亲石元素富集,具明显的Nb、P、Ti负异常和弱的Th正异常,Sr含量较低;稀土元素含量较高,∑REE为135.67×10-6～407.71×10-6,轻稀土略富集,(La/Yb)N为2.55～3.73,铕负异常较明显,δEu值为0.34～0.54。流纹质岩石地球化学特征也与典型弧后盆地双峰式火山岩中的流纹岩相似。结合区域资料分析,苏普特双峰式火山岩是阿尔泰南缘俯冲撕裂型裂谷盆地演化晚期局部形成的类似于弧后环境的产物。  相似文献   

新疆特克斯东南大哈拉军山组玄武安山岩地球化学特征:岩石成因和构造背景探讨   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

孙林华  彭头平  王岳军 《大地构造与成矿学》2007,31(3):372-379

特克斯东南大哈拉军山组玄武安山岩具有钙碱性火山岩的地球化学特征,Nb、Ta等高场强元素强烈亏损,强不相容元素比值明显不同于原始地幔、亏损地幔和富集地幔而倾向于地壳,具有岛弧火山岩的特点,与新源县南及其东部大哈拉军山组火山岩一起指示了西天山在早石炭世-晚石炭世处于汇聚而不是伸展的大地构造背景。与岛弧作用有关的俯冲沉积物的交代作用是其源区受改造的最主要方式,岩浆演化以包括橄榄石、单斜辉石在内的分离结晶作用为主。  相似文献   

A-type volcanics in Central Eastern Sinai, Egypt     

M.D. Samuel  H.E. Moussa  M.K. Azer   《Journal of African Earth Sciences》2007,47(4-5):203-226

Alkaline rhyolitic and minor trachytic volcanics were erupted 580–530 Ma ago. They occur with their A-type intrusive equivalents in Sinai, southern Negev and southwestern Jordan. At Taba-Nuweiba district, these volcanics outcrop in three areas, namely, Wadi El-Mahash, Wadi Khileifiya and Gebel El-Homra. Mineralogically, they comprise alkali feldspars, iron-rich biotite and arfvedsonite together with rare ferro-eckermannite. Geochemically, the older rhyolitic volcanics are highly evolved, enriched in HFSE including REE and depleted in Ca, Mg, Sr and Eu. The rhyolitic rocks of Wadi El-Mahash and Gebel El-Homra are enriched in K₂O content (5.3–10.1 wt.%) and depleted in Na₂O content (0.08–2.97 wt.%), while the rhyolites of Wadi Khileifiya have normal contents of alkalis. Their REE patterns are uniform, parallel to subparallel, fractionated [(La/Yb)_n = 5.4] and show prominent negative Eu-anomalies. They are classified as alkali rhyolites with minor comendites. The younger volcanics are classified as trachyandesite and quartz trachyte (56.6–62.9 wt.% SiO₂). Both older and younger volcanics represent two separate magmatic suites. The overall mineralogical and chemical characteristics of these volcanics are consistent with within plate tectonic setting. It is suggested that partial melting of crustal rocks yielded the source magma. Lithospheric extension and crustal rupture occurred prior to the eruption of these volcanics. The rather thin continental crust (35 km) as well as the continental upheaval and extensive erosion that preceded their emplacement favoured pressure release and increasing mantle contribution. The volatiles of the upper mantle were important agents for heat transfer, and sufficient for the anatexis of the crustal rocks. A petrogenetic hypothesis is proposed for the genesis of the recorded potassic and ultrapotassic rhyolitic rocks through the action of dissolved volatiles and their accumulation in the uppermost part of the magma chamber.  相似文献   

Geochemistry and Sr–Nd isotope composition of Carboniferous volcanic rocks of the Jueluotage Orogenic Belt: implications for the tectonic evolution of Eastern Tianshan,China     

Cao Rui  Nijat Abdursul  Cai hongming  Wang Dunke 《International Geology Review》2018,60(1):43-56

The major and trace element, and Sr–Nd isotopic compositions of the Carboniferous Qi’eshan, Wutongwozi, and Yamansu volcanic rocks from the northern and southern parts of the Jueluotage Orogenic Belt in East Tianshan, China, were analysed to understand their genesis and geodynamic implications. The early Carboniferous Qi’eshan basalts are characterized by high Al₂O₃, with La/Sm (1.38–1.79) and Ba/La (27.06–58.76) values higher than those of typical normal mid-ocean ridge basalt. They are relatively enriched in large ion lithophile elements (LILE) and light rare earth elements (LREE), and depleted in high field strength elements. Overall, their initial Nd–Sr isotopic compositions are ε_Nd(t) = (5.6–7.0) and Isr = 0.70397–0.70429, implying the magma originated from a mantle wedge source that was metasomatized by subduction-related fluids. In contrast, the late Carboniferous Wutongwozi basalts have lower Ba/La (4.86–12.82), La/Nb (0.87–2.45), and LILE concentrations. They have the isotopic characteristics of depleted asthenosphere, relatively high and heterogeneous ε_Nd(t) (9.3–9.4), and high Isr (0.70471–0.70533). Thus, the late Carboniferous Wutongwozi basalts may have been derived from the partial melting of mantle sources during asthenospheric upwelling. The early Carboniferous Yamansu acid volcanic rocks are characterized by high Mg# (46–48) and Lu/Y (~0.15), and low K₂O/Na₂O (0.01–0.20), similar to M-type granites. However, their ε_Nd(t) (5.0–5.5) and Isr (0.70642–0.70768) values are lower than those of depleted mantle, indicating they were contaminated by lower crustal material. The magma source originated from a mantle-derived magma that was contaminated by middle Tianshan massif in a continental margin arc setting. Based on the results and previous field-based studies, we conclude that the Carboniferous volcanics in the Jueluotage Orogenic Belt formed in a complex trench–arc–basin setting in the Kuguertage–Aqikuduke Suture Zone.  相似文献