The Cainozoic geology of the Middle Shoalhaven Plain     

Bryan P. Ruxton  Graham Taylor 《Australian Journal of Earth Sciences》2013,60(1-2):239-246

The Middle Shoalhaven Plain is a large, tray‐like depression bounded in the west by the Mulwaree fault and in the east by cliffed Permian sediments. The plain is probably Mesozoic in origin and was partially alluviated during the Early to mid‐Eocene. Much of the plain and sediments were covered by basalts during the Late Eocene. This was followed by an episode of deep weathering, which culminated in the formation of widespread bauxitic and lateritic crusts and manganocrete and silcrete during the mid‐Tertiary. A second minor weathering event is recorded during the latest Tertiary to Early Pleistocene. Two new basalt dates are consistent with earlier ones at about 43 Ma. Palaeomagnetism shows bauxites and ferricretes to be mid‐Tertiary.  相似文献   

Mapping bedrock lithologies through in situ regolith using retained element ratios: a case study from the Agnew-Lawlers area,Western Australia     

Stephen J. Barnes  L. A. Fisher  R. Anand  T. Uemoto 《Australian Journal of Earth Sciences》2013,60(2):269-285

Large, high-quality multi-element geochemical datasets are becoming widely available in the exploration industry, and afford excellent opportunities to investigate geochemical processes. A dataset of over 2500 analyses of unweathered and variably weathered mafic and ultramafic rocks for over 50 elements has been collected by Gold Fields Ltd. in the auriferous Agnew-Lawlers area of the eastern Yilgarn Craton of Western Australia. This dataset is used to investigate changes in element abundances and inter-element ratios through varying degrees and styles of weathering in an area of thick regolith characterised by deep in situ weathering. Systematic interrogation of the data, using lithostratigraphic controls derived from regional mapping and geophysics, reveals that a suite of elements, including Ti, Al, Zr, Th, La, Sc and Nb, and to a lesser extent Cr and Ni, behave as essentially immobile components during saprolite formation. In some cases diagnostic element ratios persist into siliceous duricrust. Ratios of these elements are used as reliable discriminants of bedrock type, and delineate features such as cryptic layering within fractionated sills and subtle geochemical variants in a sequence of tholeiitic and komatiitic basalts. Mapping on the basis of discriminant element ratios greatly extends previous trace-element ratio-based schemes for rock type discrimination. The potential to determine several of these elements with adequate precision and accuracy using portable XRF technology opens a potentially useful technique for rapid geochemical bedrock mapping in residual terrains.  相似文献   

Traces from the past: the Cenozoic regolith and intraplate neotectonic history of the Gun Emplacement,a ferricreted bench on the western margin of the Mt Lofty Ranges,South Australia     

R. P. Bourman  S. Buckman  B. Pillans  M. A. J. Williams  F. Williams 《Australian Journal of Earth Sciences》2013,60(5):577-595

The Gun Emplacement is a small but distinctive bench on the Eden–Burnside Fault Escarpment near Anstey Hill, in the northeastern suburbs of Adelaide, South Australia, occurring at an elevation of ～210–220 m asl. It is underlain by Middle Eocene North Maslin Sand and is capped by resistant, ferricreted colluvium. Paleomagnetic dating of hematitic mottles in the ferricreted colluvium, immediately underlying the emplacement, returned a Pliocene/Early Pleistocene age. This age is equivalent to that obtained for summit surface weathering. Fault scarps and exposures, including slickensides and fault gouge material, suggest that the Eden–Burnside Fault at this location has a strong en échelon pattern developed in response to reverse-sinistral oblique-slip faulting, reflecting continental stress fields. Remnants of ferricrete cappings forming stranded benches on the Eden–Burnside Fault Escarpment at elevations up to 25 m above the Gun Emplacement demonstrate recurrent tectonism of the South Mt Lofty Ranges related to intraplate deformation. There are at least four distinct ferricrete benches preserved on the eastern side of the active fault leading up from the Gun Emplacement surface. These benches demonstrate alternating periods of stability and tectonic activity disrupting and uplifting the ferricreted surfaces. A fresh surface rupture occurs and may be related to a recent seismic event.  相似文献   

基于导电塑料传感器的连续测角系统设计          下载免费PDF全文

李扬  黄磊博  郭启锋  季伟峰 《探矿工程》2013,40(7):103-106

介绍了一种基于双联导电塑料传感器可连续测角的数据采集系统,理论角分辨率可达0.1?。系统主要由低功耗单片机、0功耗串口电路及显示部分组成。单片机控制自带ADC12模块进行数据采集,采集完毕即进入低功耗休眠状态,并可由定时中断唤醒。通过对双联导电塑料传感器进行双通道数据采集及算法设计,不仅避免了传统光电编码器存在体积、质量大,对灰尘,电磁环境等条件要求高的问题,而且解决了传统导电塑料传感器无法实现0?～360?连续测角的难题。该系统具有精度高、功耗低、体积小、扩展性强的特点,在工业控制、智能机器人和状态监测等领域的角位移量测量中有重要的应用价值。  相似文献   

Metallogenic Model of Bauxite in Central Guizhou Province: an Example of Lindai Deposit     

LING Kunyue  ZHU Xiaoqing  WANG Zhonggang  HAN Tao  TANG Haoshu  CHEN Wenyi 《《地质学报》英文版》2013,87(6):1630-1642

The bauxites in central Guizhou are hosted by the Lower Carboniferous Jiujialu Formation.Geochemistrial characteristics of the Lindai bauxite deposit indicate that the underlying Shilengshui Formation dolomite is the precursor rock of mineral resources.Weathering simulation experiments show that Si is most likely to migrate with groundwater,the migration rate of which is several magnitude higher than Al and Fe under nature conditions （pH=3-9）.The neutral and acid nonreducing condition is the most conducive to the Al rich and Si removal,while the acid reducing conditions is the most conducive to the Al rich and Fe removal.In the process of bauxite formation,coal beds overlying the Al-bearing rock series or other rock formation rich in organic materials can produce acid reducing groundwater,which are important for the bauxite formation.Finally,propose the metallogenic model of the bauxite in central Guizhou Province and put forward three new words which are ＂original bauxite material＂,＂bauxite material＂ and ＂original bauxite＂.  相似文献   

高温下钢及组合钢节点有限元建模及基于构件的分析方法（英文）     

TAN  Kang-hai 《地震学刊》2012,(3):253-266

欧洲规范EC3 Part 1-1第5章[1]允许工程师使用一些先进的有限元分析软件来分析和设计钢结构,如线弹性、刚塑性以及二阶弹塑性整体分析。这3种极不相同的分析方法,能够用于简支、半连续以及连续节点模型中[2]。节点模型根据刚度的不同,可分为铰接、半刚性和刚性模型;按照强度的不同,可分为铰接、部分强度和全强度模型。尽管大多数的工程问题仅仅要求进行线弹性分析,但仍有一些特殊结构可能要求采用高级分析以降低施工成本,例如底层无支撑钢框架结构。在这种结构中,采用半连续节点（具有半刚度和部分强度特性）进行框架分析,会显著增强结构抵抗名义水平荷载、风荷载、整体缺陷、地震作用时的抗侧刚度和强度,因此在控制的水平荷载下计算的横向侧移可能在EC3允许的范围内。在基于性能的抗火设计中,结构抗火工程师可能想利用钢节点潜在的刚度和强度,尤其是有端板节点的钢结构,这是一种最常见的钢结构施工形式。端板可以是部分深度的,或者是延伸端板,涵盖了名义铰接、半刚性和完全刚性节点模型。本文给出了端板节点高温性能研究的一系列数值分析结果;应用基于构件的方法,建立了这些节点在高温下的力学反应计算公式,以及梁腹板剪应力分量、连接处的拉应力和压应力区域的力学模型。基于构件的方法能够考虑钢节点的热约束效应。对已有钢端板节点试验进行了有限元模拟和基于构件的分析表明,2种方法的分析结果与试验结果的偏差都是可接受的,包括热约束效应。  相似文献   

火灾作用下预应力型钢混凝土简支梁承载性能试验研究     

傅传国  王玉镯  于德帅  韩建 《地震学刊》2012,(1):1-7

进行了两根足尺预应力型钢混凝土简支梁在火灾高温和竖向恒定加载耦合作用下的耐火性能试验,分析了试验梁的温度场分布规律、竖向变形特点和承载性能劣化过程。通过在试验梁端部预设压力传感器,实测了升温过程中梁端部预压力与升温时间的关系曲线。试验结果表明,预压力对火灾高温作用较为敏感,当标准升温100 min时预压力已降至初始预压力的一半,试验中一根梁出现了侧向弯曲变形。因此,对于预应力混凝土结构,火灾高温作用下应考虑构件可能的侧向变形影响。  相似文献   

高温后足尺有粘结预应力混凝土梁板力学性能研究     

郑文忠  闫凯  欧阳志为  王英 《地震学刊》2012,(1):8-17

针对足尺有粘结预应力混凝土梁板高温后的抗弯承栽力开展了非线性计算分析。结果表明,综合配筋指标、有效预应力对高温后极限弯矩与常温下极限弯矩比值M_u~A/M_u的影响不大,预应力度和预应力筋的保护层厚度对M_u~A/M_u影响显著。高宽比近似相同的有粘结预应力混凝土梁,当第一排钢筋的保护层厚度相同时,受火时间为3 h,高度为700 mm的梁高温后截面承栽力下降幅度最大约为30%,高度为4500 mm的梁高温后截面承栽力下降幅度不到10%,高温后大尺度梁的力学性能优于小尺度梁。给出了考虑预应力筋保护层厚度和预应力度影响的有粘结预应力混凝土板M_u~A/M_u的计算公式,以及综合考虑预应力筋、非预应力筋合力点到梁底距离和预应力筋梁侧保护层厚度影响的有粘结预应力混凝土梁M_u~A/M_u的计算公式。  相似文献   

表面设置防火涂料高强混凝土柱的耐火极限   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

周鹏  吴波  吴耀鹏 《地震学刊》2012,(1):27-32

前期试验表明,表面设置厚度20 mm的某非膨胀型防火涂料可较好地抑制高强混凝土的高温爆裂。本文通过试验反算给出了该涂料对应不同温度区间的平均导温系数;随后,利用结构抗火分析软件SAFIR对表面设置该涂料的高强混凝土柱的耐火极限进行了计算分析,考察了截面尺寸、轴压比、荷栽偏心率及配筋率等因素的影响,在此基础上提出了相应的高强混凝土柱耐火极限实用计算公式。研究结果表明：①该涂料的平均导温系数随温度升高有所降低;②表面设置厚度20 mm的该涂料可明显提高高强混凝土柱的耐火极限,提高幅度达40%～350%。  相似文献   

通过改进节点性能确保火灾下钢框架结构的鲁棒性   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王永昌 《地震学刊》2012,(1):89-98

介绍了钢框架结构火灾下鲁棒性的背景知识,建议对于非常重要的建筑结构,抗火安全设计必须包括通常设计中尚未考虑到的意外破坏模式。文章辨识了结构意外破坏的不同模式,并提出了保证结构安全性的可行方法。本文主要介绍了如何利用梁的悬链线效应,使荷栽从受损结构重新分配到相邻结构,该效应是梁受弯承载力状态的一种转变。为确保钢梁中悬链线效应的充分发展,最重要的是要保证节点具有足够的抗拉承栽力与转动能力。本文提出了一种节点转动能力需求的量纲分析方法,并根据一些试验结果,介绍了英国常用的梁柱节点可到达的转动能力。虽然一些延性较好的节点在升温时能够达到10°的转动能力,但当钢的温度非常高时,其仍不能满足使悬链线效应充分形成时所需要的转动能力（〉15°）。随后,讨论了如何提高节点的转动能力,包括：采用具有较好延性的节点（例如开反向槽口的节点）,改进节点的细部构造（如将节点的受拉区移近至受压区,并为螺栓开槽型孔）和采用更强的、延性更好的由耐火钢制成的螺栓。这些提出的节点技术需要与节点在其他设计要求下的性能要求相协调（如刚度）,为满足不同的结构性能要求,找到最优的节点设计方法,仍需要更深入的研究。  相似文献