成矿流体对德兴斑岩铜矿床中伊利石结晶度的控制作用   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

金章东  朱金初 《矿物岩石》1999,19(4):5-9

伊利石广泛存在于铜厂大型斑岩铜矿床内,是特征的热液蚀变矿物,其结晶度和膨胀层含量受携带矿质的热液流体量控制。以浸染状强矿化为特征的斑岩体中上部及接触带附近伊利石结晶程度较好,主要是高水／岩比作用的结果。同时指示出伊利石结晶程度好的部位,矿化品位高,蚀变程度也强。  相似文献   

Commuting activity spaces of married women in a suburb of the Tokyo metropolitan area     

Masaki Kawase 《GeoJournal》1999,48(3):217-222

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Heterosis and heritability estimates for the survival of the Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) under the commercial scale ponds     

LU Xi  LUAN Sheng  CAO Baoxiang  SUI Juan  DAI Ping  MENG Xianhong  LUO Kun  KONG Jie 《海洋学报(英文版)》2017,36(2):62-68

The aim of the present study is to detect the potential of the base population from diallel crosses of eight introduced strains of the Pacific white shrimp(Litopenaeus vannamei) for improving the yield. Heterosis and heritability were estimated for pond survival at commercial farm conditions for the base population that included 207 full-sib families from a nested mating design by artificial insemination. Among all the hybrids,the heterosis ranged from –11.37%(UA1×UA2) to 20.53%(UA3×SIN) with an average of 0.953%. The results showed that more than half of the hybrids(51.85%) have negative heterosis for survival rate, but most of the hybrids with positive heterosis have high estimates. The high proportion of negative heterosis for survival rate reminders us that the survival trait also should be considered in the crossbreeding program to avoid yield decrease. However, high positive heterosis manifested in most of the hybrids for survival indicates the usefulness of these hybrids for improving the survival to obtain higher yield by crossbreeding in this breeding program. The heritability estimate for pond survival was 0.092±0.043 when genetic groups were included in the pedigree, and it was significantly different from zero(P0.05). The results from this study also indicated that significant improvement for survival is possible through selection in L. vannamei.  相似文献   

Movement patterns of an endangered fishery species,Lithognathus lithognathus (Sparidae), and the role of no-take marine protected areas as a management tool     

RH Bennett  PD Cowley  A-R Childs  CG Attwood  L Swart  TF Næsje 《African Journal of Marine Science》2017,39(4):475-489

Understanding movement behaviour is essential for effective management of fishery species. Dart tags were used to study coastal movement patterns of white steenbras Lithognathus lithognathus, an overexploited seabream (Sparidae) in South Africa. In total, 6 962 fish (190–1 080 mm fork length) were tagged throughout the species’ distributional range, in four long-term fish-tagging programmes. The predominant behaviour recorded was residency, with relatively short-ranging movements. More than 60% of the 351 recaptured fish were recaptured within 1 km of their tagging site, some of which were at liberty in excess of three years. Most of the juveniles (93.9%), subadults (71.7%) and adults (64.0%) were recaptured within 10 km. Occasional long-distance movements of up to 800 km were recorded. Recapture distances were positively, but weakly, correlated with fish fork length (n = 257 fish measured at recapture; r² = 0.166, p < 0.001). Low levels of connectivity among coastal areas suggest that large-scale annual spawning migrations, as previously hypothesised for this species, are unlikely, which raises the possibility of multiple spawning sites. Seventy-seven percent of L. lithognathus tagged within three marine protected areas (MPAs) were recaptured within the same MPA, suggesting that area closures provide protection for L. lithognathus through the post-estuarine juvenile, subadult and adult life stages. We confirm that the country’s current network of coastal MPAs plays a vital role in sustaining this species, and suggest that additional closures, or otherwise substantial reductions in catch rates, are necessary for the species’ recovery.  相似文献   

一株产铁载体细菌的筛选及其与云母的相互作用   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

何琳燕  张垠  盛下放  黄智 《高校地质学报》2012,18(1):117-124

        产铁载体细菌与云母类矿物相互作用的研究有助于了解矿物生物风化和土壤形成的演化规律和机理。采用纯培养法 自南京龙山废钾矿区酸模根际土壤分离筛选到一株高产荧光铁载体的细菌Z6,通过16S rDNA 序列分析和生理生化反应将其 鉴定为假单胞菌属（Pseudomonas sp.）;通过室温静置培养试验研究Z6 菌株与云母的相互作用结果表明,细菌生长代谢前期 （8~15 d）快速产生大量铁载体,菌株与矿物共培养75 d 后,产铁载体细菌对云母类矿物确实产生了风化作用,黑云母组发 酵液中Fe 含量增加了211 倍,Si 含量增加了约27.8 倍,SEM 显示云母表面出现溶蚀坑,细菌可以在矿物表面形成生物膜或 矿物- 细菌复合物。不同矿物对共培养体系中细菌数量、荧光铁载体含量、溶液pH 的影响不同。  相似文献   

Fluvial seed dispersal of riparian trees: transport and depositional processes          下载免费PDF全文

Adrienne Cunnings  Edward Johnson  Yvonne Martin 《地球表面变化过程与地形》2016,41(5):615-625

Fluvial seed dispersal considers both the transport and deposition of seeds where channel geomorphic structures, hydrology and seed dispersal traits contribute to transport times and depositional locations. This study examines the influence of stream flow patterns on fluvial seed dispersal of buoyant white alder (Alnus rhombifolia) seeds by applying a one‐dimensional transport model. Conceptually, the model separates the stream into two components: (i) the main channel where the seeds are transported downstream; and (ii) the transient storage zone where seeds are temporarily detained or deposited on the river bank. Transport processes are characterized by an advection–dispersion equation which is coupled to a transient storage model using an exponential decay term. The model parameters: longitudinal dispersion (D_L), exchange coefficient (α), main channel area (A) and storage zone (A_s) are estimated based on field experiments conducted in a confined, bedrock‐gravel bed river with pool‐riffle morphology located in coastal northern California. The riparian zone is inhabited by Alnus rhombifolia that disperse buoyant seeds in mid‐spring coinciding with the end of the wet, Mediterranean season. Artificial seeds, with similar traits of buoyancy and density to alder seeds, were used to quantify transport times and depositional locations. Preferential deposition resulted in stream reaches with larger A_s, high A_s/A ratios, and faster exchange coefficients corresponding to divergent stream flow (back‐eddies, re‐circulating flow, flow expansions) caused by geomorphic structures such as the ends of bar/riffle features and bends in the stream. The results demonstrate the importance of transient storage for seed transport and depositional processes. Morphological features that increase a channel's complexity create complex flow structures that detain seeds and provide a greater opportunity for deposition to occur. The model provides a simplification of river hydraulics to represent dispersal dynamics and lends itself to further understanding of hydrochory processes and associated population structure. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Dendroecological Analysis of Spruce Budworm Outbreaks and their Relation to Climate Near the Prairie-Forest Border in Northwestern Minnesota     

《自然地理学》2013,34(3):185-204

This paper investigates the effects of spruce budworm (Choristoneura fumiferana) on balsam fir (Abies balsamea) and white spruce (Picea glauca) at Itasca State Park in northwestern Minnesota. We studied the species composition, age structure, and radial growth patterns in tree rings along five belt transects at sites infested with spruce budworm. Our objectives were to: (1) discover when the latest spruce budworm outbreak started; (2) determine whether tree growth was similarly reduced in earlier decades, suggesting earlier spruce budworm outbreaks; and (3) test whether radial tree growth and the start of the outbreak(s) were correlated with climate. We used the computer program OUTBREAK to determine that the current spruce budworm infestation began to reduce tree growth in the 1990s, before it was detected by park officials in 2001. The tree-ring record indicated that growth of the host-species trees was periodically reduced at all sites prior to the 1990s. We found no consistent relationship between temperature/precipitation and the initiation of spruce budworm outbreaks, as reconstructed by the OUTBREAK program, at the southwestern edge of the distribution of balsam fir. The Palmer Drought Severity Index, however, was positive (i.e., wetter-than-normal conditions) before increased spruce budworm activity at all sites. Outbreaks are related to climatic conditions, but they also depend on other factors such as the availability of sufficient food for the spruce budworm.  相似文献   

利用激光诱导离解光谱检测铍铝元素区分透闪石白玉产地   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

涂彩  袁心强  周钊 《岩矿测试》2012,31(2):301-305

利用自行搭建的激光诱导离解光谱仪分析54块新疆、青海、俄罗斯产地的透闪石白玉样品,提出通过检测Be、Al元素来区分白玉产地的方法。使用波长1064 nm的激光器激发样品,4CCD光谱仪采集光谱,为避免外界条件干扰,以透闪石白玉中含量比较固定的Si元素作为内标元素测量原子谱线强度比值IBe/ISi、IAl/ISi,分别代表Be、Al元素的含量变化,重复测量10次的相对标准偏差(RSD)<3%。结果表明,新疆白玉的IBe/ISi为0.3～0.6,IAl/ISi为0.1～0.4;青海白玉IBe/ISi<0.1,IAl/ISi<0.2,显示出低Be低Al的明显特征;俄罗斯白玉的IBe/ISi分为高值和低值两个区域,部分样品的IBe/ISi>0.7,指示Be的含量较高,另一部分样品的IBe/ISi为0.1～0.5,略低于新疆白玉。研究显示Be、Al元素特别是Be元素具有较好的产地指示意义,激光诱导离解光谱技术用于鉴别白玉产地有着较好的推广前景。  相似文献   

Mineralogical and Physical Characteristics of White Sandstone of Abu Rodeiyim Quarry (Sinai), and its Possible Industrial Utilization     

Mostafa Gouda TEMRAZ 《《地质学报》英文版》2012,86(2):440-446

Mineralogical, geochemical, and textural analyses of the white sandstones (Abu Thora Fm.) of Carboniferous in the Abu Rodeiyim region show that they are fluviomarine, well-sorted, high-purity, and high-grade silica SiO2 (average 99.56%). The results indicate that by simple treatment, the white sandstones can reach a high degree of purity, suitable for different industrial purposes (e.g. manufacture of silicon photovoltaic, crystal, and TV screens, art, and domestic and optical glass).  相似文献   

The Harry Creek Deformed Zone,a retrograde schist zone of the Arunta Block,central Australia     

A. R. Allen  L. P. Black 《Australian Journal of Earth Sciences》2013,60(1-2):17-28

The Harry Creek Deformed Zone, a retrograde schist zone of epidote amphibolite facies grade, which separates the granulite facies Utralanama Block from the amphibolite facies Ankala Block in the southeastern Strangways Range, N.T., is typical of the retrograde schist zones transecting the Arunta Block. Associated with the deformed zone is a small deformed granitic pluton and its various offshoots—the Gumtree Granite Suite—which provides structural and geochrono‐logical evidence that the Harry Creek Deformed Zone has had a polyphase deforma‐tional history. Early movements within the deformed zone pre‐dated intrusion of the Gumtree Granite Suite and resulted in the movement of the Utralanama and Ankala Blocks into their present juxtaposition. Reactivation of much of the zone during the Alice Springs Orogeny brought about the schistose character of the zone and the deformation of the granitic rocks. Further minor reactivation of the zone, subsequent to the main phase of the Alice Springs Orogeny, resulted in limited development of pseudotachylytes.

The age of the granite (990 ± 13 m.y.) gives a minimum age for initiation of the zone, and evidence for the nature of the structures associated with the early movements is presented. It is suggested that the Harry Creek Deformed Zone represents a post‐orogenic wrench fault which has been reactivated. Early movements, which were of a brittle transcurrent nature, brought about major uplift (up to 10 km) to the north, and lateral movements may have been of the order of 60 km in a sinistral sense. Comparison with the Redbank Zone indicates many similarities, suggestive of a similar history.  相似文献