不同温度条件下乙酸对长石溶蚀过程的实验研究   总被引：25，自引：3，他引：25  

黄思静  杨俊杰 《沉积学报》1995,13(1):7-17

本文报道了不同埋藏温压条件下乙酸对条纹长石溶蚀过程的实验研究。结果证明:１）在条纹长石溶蚀过程中，Ｋ、Ｎａ、Ａｌ优先释放，Ｓｉ是最后释放的元素。２）在相对低温的条件下，长石溶出主要元素的比例远远偏离其化学组成，在相对高温的条件下，则接近其化学组成。３）在条纹长石中.钠长石比钾长石更容易分解。４）温度升高对条纹长石中Ｓｉ的影响最大，其温度效应分别是Ｋ、Ａｌ、Ｎａ的９.２，８.６和５.４倍。５）不同温度区间Ｓｉ，Ａｌ的温度效应存在显著的差别，Ａｌ主要在小于９５℃区间释放，而Ｓｉ主要在大于９５℃区间释放，此时将有约２/３的Ｓｉ不能加入到高岭石中。因而在埋藏成岩过程中，自生ＳｉＯ_２矿物沉淀造成的孔隙封堵作用主要发生在地温大于９５℃的埋深中。６）相对高温高压的实验中获得了蛋白石等自生ＳｉＯ_２矿物的沉淀，进一步证明Ｓｉ主要是在高温区间释放的。  相似文献   

<Superscript>57</Superscript>Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy,X-ray single-crystal diffractometry,and electronic structure calculations on natural alexandrite     

Sven-Ulf Weber  Michael Grodzicki  Werner Lottermoser  Günther J. Redhammer  Gerold Tippelt  Johann Ponahlo  Georg Amthauer 《Physics and Chemistry of Minerals》2007,34(7):507-515

Natural alexandrite Al₂BeO₄:Cr from Malyshevo near Terem Tschanka, Sverdlovsk, Ural, Russia, has been characterized by ⁵⁷Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy, electron microprobe, X-ray single-crystal diffractometry and by electronic structure calculations in order to determine oxidation state and location of iron. The sample contains 0.3 wt% of total iron oxide. The ⁵⁷Fe Mössbauer spectrum can be resolved into three doublets. Two of them with hyperfine parameters typical for octahedrally coordinated high-spin Fe³⁺ and Fe²⁺, respectively, are assigned to iron substituting for Al in the octahedral M2-site. The third doublet is attributed to Fe³⁺ in hematite. Electronic structure calculations in the local spin density approximation are in reasonable agreement with experimental data provided that expansion and/or distortion of the coordination octahedra are presumed upon iron substitution. The calculated hyperfine parameters of Fe³⁺ are almost identical for the M1 and M2 positions, but the calculated ligand-field splitting is by far too large for high-spin Fe³⁺ on M1.  相似文献   

<Superscript>57</Superscript>Fe Mössbauer measurements and electronic structure calculations on natural lawsonites     

S.-U. Weber  M. Grodzicki  C. A. Geiger  W. Lottermoser  G. Tippelt  G. J. Redhammer  M. Bernroider  G. Amthauer 《Physics and Chemistry of Minerals》2007,34(1):1-9

Three natural lawsonites from Syke Rock, Mendocino Co., Reed Ranch, Marin Co., and Blake Gardens, Sonoma Co., all from the Coast Range Region in California, were studied by ⁵⁷Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy, electron microprobe analysis, and X-ray powder diffraction. The samples contain about 0.6, 1.0, and 1.4 wt% of total iron oxide, respectively. ⁵⁷Fe Mössbauer spectra are consistent with the assumption that high-spin Fe³⁺ substitutes for Al in the octahedrally coordinated site. The Mössbauer spectrum of lawsonite from Syke Rock exhibits a second doublet with ⁵⁷Fe hyperfine parameters typical for octahedrally coordinated high-spin Fe²⁺. Electronic structure calculations in the local spin density approximation yield quadrupole splittings for Fe³⁺ in quantitative agreement with experiment indicating, however, that substitution of Al by Fe³⁺ must be accompanied by local distortion around the octahedral site. Model calculations also reproduce the room temperature hyperfine parameters of ferrous high-spin iron assuming the substitution of Ca by Fe²⁺. However, it cannot be excluded that Fe²⁺ may occupy a more asymmetric site within the microstructural cavity occupied by Ca and a H₂O molecule.  相似文献   

MM5中新边界层方案的引入和对比试验   总被引：10，自引：4，他引：10       下载免费PDF全文

江勇  赵鸣 《气象科学》2002,22(3):253-263

本文介绍了一种新的边界层方案，即E－ε－1方案，并用五种层结下的通量廓线关系计算地面通量，将其引入到中尺度数值天气预报模式MM5中，并用新的边界层方案对江淮流域存季暴雨进行了短期模拟，与此同时，对新的方案和模式原有的各种边界层方案作了比较，对此得到了一些有价值的结果。  相似文献   

沁水煤田霍东地区山西组主要煤层对比     

刘仙平  张学彦 《中国煤田地质》2002,14(3):17-18

运用标志层、层间距、物性特征、煤层本身特征等方法，对霍东地区沁安矿区和沁源矿区山西组1号、2号、3号煤层进行对比，认为沁安矿区未沉积3号煤层，该矿区现有的两个煤与沁源矿区的1号、2号煤层可比，而不是2号、3号煤层，其中既有定性又有定量，较成功的解决了南北两大矿区山本组主要可采煤层间的对比问题。  相似文献   

MM5模式中不同对流参数化方案的比较试验   总被引：58，自引：2，他引：58  

王建捷  胡欣等 《应用气象学报》2001,12(1):41-53

应用MM5中尺度模式, 在60、20和10 km模式分辨率下, 分别选用4种不同对流参数化方案 (KUO方案、GRELL方案、KAIN-FRITSCH方案和BETTS-MILLER方案, 以下简称KU、GR、KF和BM方案) 对1996年8月3~4日石家庄暴雨过程进行数值模拟试验.模拟结果的对比分析及其与观测的比较表明:主要雨带位置对参数化方案并不是十分敏感, 但随分辨率提高, 雨带分布特征的模拟更接近实况; 当分辨率提高到10 km时, 虚假的降水中心也明显增加; 模拟的暴雨中心强度随分辨率的提高而增强并随参数化方案的不同有所变化, 但均比实况偏弱.分析还发现, MM5模式的GR、KF及BM方案的次网格降水对总降水的贡献率随分辨率的提高而减小, 而KU方案的情况则呈现出不合理的缓慢增加态势.虽然4种方案下模拟的水平环流特征有较好的一致性, 但模拟的云物理特征和垂直运动特征还是存在一定差别的, 这种差别对定点、定量降水和天空状况、地面气温、湿度等要素的准确预报都会产生影响.因此, 在预报和模拟中应考虑预报和研究对象的特点来选择对流参数化方案.  相似文献   

东亚夏季风降水和环流数值模拟对不同对流参数化方案的敏感性   总被引：4，自引：2，他引：4  

Huang Ronghui  Wu Bingyi  Sung-Gil Hong  Jai-Ho Oh 《大气科学进展》2001,18(1):23-41

A 5-level spectral AGCM (ImPKU-5LAGCM) is used to examine the sensitivity of the simulated results of the summer monsoon rainfall and circulation in East Asia to different cumulus parameterization schemes in the climatological-mean case and in the cases of weak and strong Asian summer monsoons,respectively. The results simulated with the Arakawa-Schubert＇s(hereafter A-S＇s), Kuo＇s and Manabe＇s cumulus parameterization schemes show that these simulated distributions of the summer monsoon rainfall and circulation in East Asia depend strongly on the cumulus parameterization schemes either in the climatological-mean case or in the cases of weak and strong Asian summer monsoons. From the simulated results, it might be shown that the Kuo scheme appears to be more suitable for the simulation of the summer monsoon rainfall and circulation in East Asia than the A-S scheme or the Manabe scheme, although the A-S scheme is somewhat better in the simulations of the tropical rainfall. This might be due to that the Kuo＇s cumulus parameterization scheme is able to reflect well the characteristics of rainfall cloud system in the East Asian summer monsoon region, where the rainfall system used to be a mixing of cumulus and stratus.  相似文献   

古鄱阳湖盆地东北缘白晋纪地层的新材料—兼论陆相地层清理后的问题讨论     

蔡雄飞  章泽军  王少锋 《江西地质》2001,15(1):45-49

古鄱阳湖盆地东北缘白垩系的田坂群历来趋向“二分”，但从对剖在再观察入手，认为田坂群纵向上经历了粗→细→粗的巨旋回，这种巨旋回与盆地演化规律，发展阶段相一致，因而“三分”显著，该剖面地学，9沉积学的一些新发现，不仅便于地层划分与对比，而且对盆内层序地层，岩相分析，构造演化阶段研究都具重要意义。  相似文献   

Mössbauer investigations and molecular orbital calculations on epidote     

M. Grodzicki  S. Heuss-Assbichler  G. Amthauer 《Physics and Chemistry of Minerals》2001,28(9):675-681

  相似文献   

SOME NEW UNDERSTANDINGS OF LAND-SURFACE PROCESSES IN ARID AREA FROM THE HEIFE     

胡隐樵  高由禧 《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》1996,(2)

The survey for the HEIFE(Atmosphere-Land Surface Processes Experiment at Heihe RiverBasin,Western China)is given in the paper.The following basic subjects for land-surface process-es in arid areas are studied:(1)the general characteristics of the energy budget on ground surfacein arid areas;(2)the parameterization of the land surface processes;(3)the interaction betweenoasis and its desert circumstances,a special phenomenon in arid areas.The analysis shows that thesensible heat flux in the surface energy budget is in the majority,and the latent heat flux may beneglected.The influence of atmospheric stratification stability on the turbulent transfer of energyand substance must be considered in parameterization of land surface processes in arid areas.The“cold island effect”phenomenon in oasis and the“humidity inversion”phenomenon in desert nearoasis are the result of the interaction between them.The results would improve the understandingof land surface processes in arid areas.  相似文献