全文获取类型
收费全文 | 7310篇 |
免费 | 1142篇 |
国内免费 | 985篇 |
专业分类
测绘学 | 193篇 |
大气科学 | 120篇 |
地球物理 | 569篇 |
地质学 | 7340篇 |
海洋学 | 114篇 |
综合类 | 549篇 |
自然地理 | 552篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 39篇 |
2023年 | 155篇 |
2022年 | 256篇 |
2021年 | 226篇 |
2020年 | 134篇 |
2019年 | 208篇 |
2018年 | 159篇 |
2017年 | 144篇 |
2016年 | 122篇 |
2015年 | 242篇 |
2014年 | 391篇 |
2013年 | 270篇 |
2012年 | 412篇 |
2011年 | 362篇 |
2010年 | 402篇 |
2009年 | 400篇 |
2008年 | 342篇 |
2007年 | 386篇 |
2006年 | 368篇 |
2005年 | 333篇 |
2004年 | 302篇 |
2003年 | 326篇 |
2002年 | 344篇 |
2001年 | 340篇 |
2000年 | 249篇 |
1999年 | 247篇 |
1998年 | 238篇 |
1997年 | 261篇 |
1996年 | 257篇 |
1995年 | 261篇 |
1994年 | 197篇 |
1993年 | 211篇 |
1992年 | 223篇 |
1991年 | 246篇 |
1990年 | 174篇 |
1989年 | 144篇 |
1988年 | 14篇 |
1987年 | 10篇 |
1986年 | 10篇 |
1985年 | 9篇 |
1984年 | 3篇 |
1982年 | 3篇 |
1980年 | 4篇 |
1979年 | 2篇 |
1974年 | 1篇 |
1954年 | 1篇 |
1948年 | 2篇 |
1946年 | 2篇 |
1944年 | 1篇 |
1943年 | 2篇 |
排序方式: 共有9437条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
91.
《水文地质工程地质》2006,33(5):F0002-F0002
薛禹群,地下水动力学家和水文地质学家,擅长地下水数值模拟,南京大学地球科学系教授,博士生导师,中国科学院院士,1931年11月2日生于江苏无锡。1952年7月毕业于北方交通大学唐山工学院。 相似文献
92.
自1998年以来,亚利桑那州地质调查局就收到许多州周边大范围多个分散地点出现新裂缝的有关报告。此前90年代中期,报告的大部分裂缝均是人们所熟悉的类型,即开采地下水造成地面塌陷引发的地裂缝。然而,这些新裂缝大部分被证明具有不同的诱因——富含粘土的土壤或沉积物的干燥或被烘干。通过绘制这些被报道裂缝的地图及观察其航空照片,结果显示,这些“巨型干裂缝(GDC)”要比预先想象的普遍的多,并且比由开采地下水引起的地裂缝广泛的多。通过绘制亚利桑那州这些巨型干裂缝的地图,最近完成的一项研究证明了勘测的结果。这篇文章概述了那篇报道。 相似文献
93.
94.
YousifK. Kharaka Evangelos G. Kakouros James J. Thordsen David L. Naftz 《中国地球化学学报》2006,25(B08):100-101
Selenium (Se) is an essential micronutrient to biota, but can become a potent toxicant at elevated concentrations. The natural sources and chemical properties of Se species make the boundary between deficiency and toxicity narrow for some biota, with both phenomena common around the globe. Large areas of farmland in the Colorado River Basin (CRB) generate salinized drainage water with Se concentrations much higher than 5 μg/L, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency chronic water-quality criterion for the protection of aquatic life. We have carried out detailed field and laboratory studies to investigate Se geochemistry and remediation in two of these areas: the Middle Green River Basin, Utah and the Salton Sea Basin, California, located respectively in the Upper and Lower CRB. Results from these and other studies show that approximately 90% of the dissolved Se in the Colorado River and its tributaries originally is derived from the Upper Cretaceous Mancos Shale and equivalent pyritic marine units that outcrop in the Upper CRB. Selenium is mobilized commonly by biogeochemical oxidation of this pyritic shale and is concentrated mainly as selenate (SeO4^2-) in soils and agricultural drainage water of dry climates by evaporation. Minor (0%-5%) amounts of Se are present as the selenite species (HSeO3^-) and (SEO3^2-), but these species and the more reduced species, elemental Se (SeO) and selenide (Se^2-), have much lower solubility and/or have high sorptive affinity towards organic matter, clay minerals and iron oxyhydroxides. The concentration of dissolved Se (-2.5 μg/L) and salinity in the Lower Colorado River water are among the highest of the world major rivers. Because of low precipitation (7 cm/a) and extreme evapotranspiration (-1.8 m/a) rates in the Salton Sea Basin, California, Se values in irrigation water imported from the Colorado River increase to 〉300 μg/L in drainage wastewater. Removal of Se from contaminated wastewater by nanofiltration membranes was demonstrated in laboratory and pilot-scale field experiments. 相似文献
95.
Yoko Fujikawa Daisuke Yoneda Atushi Minami Hiroshi Yashima Toshio Tonokai Sotoji Tani Masami Fukui Tatuhide Hamasaki Masataka Sugahara 《中国地球化学学报》2006,25(B08):113-113
Biological iron and manganese removal utilizing indigenous iron and manganese oxidizing bacteria (IRB hereafter) in groundwater can also be applied to arsenic removal according to our pilot-scale test. The arsenic removal probably occurred through sorption and complexation of arsenic to iron and manganese oxides formed by enzymic action of IRB. We investigated the chemical properties of iron and manganese oxides in IRB floc and the valence state of arsenic sorbed to the floc to clarify the mechanisms of the arsenic [especially As (Ⅲ)] removal. The floc samples were collected from two drinking water plants using IRB (Jyoyo and Yamatokoriyama, Japan), and our pilot - scale test site where arsenic and iron removal using IRB is under way (Mukoh, Japan). The Jyoyo and Yamatokoriyama IRB floc samples were subjected to As (Ⅲ) and As(Ⅴ) sorption experiments. The elemental composition of the floc samples was measured. XANES spectra were collected on As, Fe and Mn K-edges at synchrotron radiation facility Spring 8 (Hyogo, Japan). FT-IR and the X-ray diffraction spectra of the samples were also obtained. The IRB floc contained ca. 35 % Fe, 0.3%-3.5% Mn and 2%-6% P. The samples were highly amorphous and contained ferrihidrites and hydrated iron phosphate. According to XANES analyses of IRB, As associated with IRB was in +5 valence state when As (Ⅲ) (or As (Ⅴ)) was added in laboratory sorption test, Fe in +3 valence state, and Mn a mixture of+3 and +4 valence states. Small shift was observed in the XANES spectra of IRB on As K-edge as the equilibration time of the sorption experiment was increased. Gradual oxidation of a small amount of As (Ⅲ) associated with IRB or change in arsenic binding with sorption site were the probable mechanism. 相似文献
96.
97.
Zhengji YI Kaixuan TAN Zhenxun YU Aili TAN Shiqiang WANG 《中国地球化学学报》2006,25(B08):125-126
Uranium processing and mining activities that generate many contaminants, such as high concentrations of U (VI), sulfate and heavy metals (Zn, Cu, Ni, etc), may pose a serious threat to the groundwater resources. In recent years, considerable research has been conducted respectively on two kinds of permeable reactive barriers (PRB), including zerovalent iron (ZVI) and sulfate reducing bacteria (SRB), for in-situ removal of these pollutants from groundwater. However, little investigation has been carried out on the potential benefits of bioaugmenting ZVI barriers to enhance the elimination of the pollutants by combining ZVI with SRB systems. The main goal of this study was to conduct batch and column experiments to determine whether the combination of SRB and ZVI can function synergistically and accelerate the rate of pollutant removal. The results of anaerobic batch experiments demonstrated that although the integrated ZVI/PRB system itself has no ability to reduce and remove sulfate directly, SRB can utilize hydrogen gas produced during the slow process of ZVI corrosion as an electron donor to raise biomass yields significantly and accelerate reductive sulfate removal. In particular, ferrous cations produced as the byproduct of ZVI corrosion process reacted with hydrogen sulfide from sulfate reduction and formed iron-bearing sulfide precipitates, which can stimulate the growth of SRB and promote sulfate removal activity by eliminating the biotoxicity of hydrogen sulfide. It was also shown that secondary mineral products (pyrite/ferrous sulfide) formed as a consequence of microbial sulfate reduction and ZVI corrosion process can enhance the microbial precipitation of soluble U (VI) as insoluble uraninite(uranium dioxide). 相似文献
98.
Jin-Soo Lee Kyung-Seok Ko Tong-Kwon Kim Jae Gon Kim Seong-Hyun Cho In-Suk Oh 《中国地球化学学报》2006,25(B08):152-152
The regional survey of groundwater used as a small water supply system was performed to know the effect of geology, soil properties and land use on groundwater quality at Nonsan City, Korea. A total of 126 groundwater samples were collected and analyzed at the study area. The multivariate statistical methods, principal components analysis and discriminant analysis, and GIS technique were used for the quantitative interpretation of groundwater quality. The study area is mainly composed of Precambrian gneiss, Jurassic granite, and Cretaceous volcanics, and metasedimentary rocks of the Ogcheon zone. The land use was grouped as paddy, upland, grassland, resident, point source, industrial area, and water system. The soil properties were classified as 4 major groups, Entisols, Alfisols, Inceptisols, and Ultisols, by the degree of development, and reclassified as 11 subgroups. The modified and simplified geologic map, soil map, and land use map were made by using ARCGIS soft-ware. The area of geology, soil property, and land use affecting the groundwater quality for each well were also calculated by ARCGIS soft-ware to acquire the quantitative parameters for multivariate statistical analysis. The monitoring results of groundwater in the study area showed that 13%-21% of the groundwater samples exceeded the portable water guideline and the main causes were turbidity, bacteria, arsenic and nitrate-N. The spatial distribution of each component showed the close relationship between groundwater quality and geology reflecting the topography, land use. 相似文献
99.
100.
Wei ZHANG Congqiang LIU Zhiqi ZHAO 《中国地球化学学报》2006,25(B08):172-172
Boron has two stable isotopes (^10B and ^11B) with relative abundances of about 20% and 80%, respectively. Boron isotopic ratios in natural materials show a huge range of variations, from -70‰ to +60‰, when expressed with the classical δ^11B notation. Most of these isotopic variations occur at the surface of the Earth. Hence, boron isotopic composition can be used as a sensitive tracer in geochemical study, for instance, to identify the different sources of contamination and factors controlling the salinity of groundwater. During the last decade, boron isotopes have been used to discriminate between the influences of seawater intrusion and anthropogenic discharge. But few of those researches can precisely identify the different sources of contamination. We measured the boron concentrations and boron isotopic ratios of groundwater samples collected in Guiyang City, as well as the major ions. The results indicate that the major ion composition of the groundwater in the investigated area is mainly controlled by the interactions between water and the dominant rock i.e. carbonates. All the water compositions are characterized by high concentrations of Ca^2+, Mg^2+, HCO3^-, SO4^2-, and NO3^-, which are the dominant contaminants. Both dissolved boron concentrations and isotopic ratios show large variations among the ground waters, from 2 μg/L to 90 μg/L and from -6‰ to +26‰, respectively. The boron concentrations and isotopic ratios indicate that the river across the studied city has been seriously contaminated by urban discharge. Boron concentrations of fiver water samples varied from 20 μg/L to 140 μg/L, with an average δ^11B value of +2.0‰. Using boron isotopic compositions and different geochemical indices allowed us to clearly identify and distinguish the two major sources of contamination, agricultural activity and urban wastewater. Both of the two sources are characterized by high boron concentrations but their boron isotopic compositions significantly differ. 相似文献