河外天体喷流的观测研究——Ⅰ.3C120核心区域的一次快速增亮     

孙凯  张文元  李治平 《中国天文和天体物理学报》1990,(4)

运用云南天文台1米反光望远镜及其附设CCD装置在1988年1月23日及24日对3C120进行了I和R波段观测。采用Starlink系统中的ASPIC软件系统作资料处理。结果表明:我们观测到了一次3C120核心区域中的快速增亮现象。平均增亮速度快于约-0.7~m/日。在这一快速增亮的早期,围绕3C120的核心区域有短的亮射线出现。从1988年1月24日的3C120Ⅰ波段像上发现,可能有一个从核心区域向南的新的突出物。  相似文献   

HSDPA技术中HARQ协议分析     

付琳  陈果 《成都信息工程学院学报》2007,22(5):551-555

针对HSDPA的目标,围绕HARQ技术进行研究,给出了N信道停等协议的性能分析及操作原理说明.结论是SAWARQ操作机制简单、信令开销少.而且通过增加并行操作的子信道数,可以做到提高吞吐量,减少传输时延的作用,同时还能降低接收端对缓冲容量的要求.  相似文献   

凡纳滨对虾常见养殖模式下养殖后期浮游植物及理化因子的变化   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张才学  劳赞  刘玉莲  区兆伟 《广东海洋大学学报》2007,27(4):38-44

对凡纳滨对虾几种常见养殖模式后期的浮游植物及理化因子进行了调查研究,结果表明,浮游植物的群落特征因养殖模式、养殖时间、不同的环境条件等原因变化很大,其群落组成由最少的11种到最多的28种不等;其优势种与次优势种中以蓝藻门、绿藻门、硅藻门为主,甲藻门、裸藻门偶有出现,主要优势种有小环藻、波吉卵囊藻、中肋骨条藻、颤藻、林氏藻、裸甲藻、胶球藻、小席藻、腔球藻等,浮游植物群落的生物多样性由高至低依次为高位池分级精养模式、海水土池粗养模式、低盐度养殖模式、咸淡水半精养模式、工厂化集约养殖模式、高位池集约养殖模式,多样性指数与优势度呈显著的负相关,而与均匀度呈显著的正相关。细胞密度485.9×104~35459.8×104L-1,在高密度精养模式中,浮游植物的密度与无机氮、硫化氢含量的变化在早期呈负相关,在后期则几乎同步增长;在低密度养殖模式中,浮游植物的密度与无机氮、硫化氢含量的变化始终呈负相关。各养殖模式pH值的变化与浮游植物的密度呈正相关。综合分析表明,高密度养殖宜采用高位池分级精养模式,低密度养殖宜采用海水土池粗养模式。  相似文献   

新四面体理论与磁极倒转     

王战 《地球科学与环境学报》1990,(2)

本文以最新修正了的新四面体理论模型来解释地球磁极倒转现象及其规律性。文章简要回顾了依附于收缩说的地球四面体理论的兴衰,接着简述了应归属于脉动说范畴的新四面体理论研究的最新进展——地球多级驻波(式)脉动演化模型。新模型可概括为:地球的形态在演化过程中呈“准球体→负准四面体→准球体→正准四面体→准球体→…”的驻波脉动;在呈每种形体的大阶段中,又包含着次级、更次级的驻波脉动。然后论述了地磁极性倒转的规律性(即多变→固定[正向]→多变→固定[反向] →多变→…)以及新模型对其所做的解释(即固定正向和固定反向阶段分别为负和正准四面体阶段,多变阶段为准球体阶段)。  相似文献   

Urban Metabolism Based on Emergy and Slack Based Model: A Case Study of Beijing,China   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

SONG Tao  CAI Jianming  XU Hui  DENG Yu  NIU Fangqu  YANG Zhenshan  DU Shanshan 《中国地理科学(英文版)》2015,(1):113-123

The key to studying urban sustainable development depends on quantifying stores, efficiencies of urban metabolisms and capturing urban metabolisms′ mechanisms. This paper builds up the metabolic emergy account and quantifies some important concepts of emergy stores. Emphasis is placed on the urban metabolic model based on the slack based model(SBM) method to measure urban metabolic efficiencies. Urban metabolic mechanisms are discussed by using the regression method. By integrating these models, this paper analyzes the urban metabolic development in Beijing from 2001 to 2010. We conclude that the metabolic emergy stores of Beijing increased significantly from 2001 to 2010, with the emergy imported accounting for most of the increase. The metabolic efficiencies in Beijing have improved since the 2008 Olympic Games. The population, economic growth, industrial structures, and environmental governance positively affect the overall urban metabolism, while the land expansion, urbanization and environmentally technical levels hinder the improving of urban metabolic efficiencies. The SBM metabolic method and the regression model based on the emergy analysis provide insights into the urban metabolic efficiencies and the mechanism. They can promote to integrate such concepts into their sustainability analyses and policy decisions.  相似文献   

Spatial-temporal Characteristics of Land Use Intensity of Coastal Zone in China During 2000–2010     

DI Xianghong  HOU Xiyong  WANG Yuandong  WU Li 《中国地理科学(英文版)》2015,(1):51-61

Based on remote sensing and GIS techniques, land use maps in 2000, 2005 and 2010 in China′s coastal zone were produced, and structural raster data of land use were further generated to calculate land use intensity comprehensive index(LUICI) for analyzing land use spatial-temporal characteristics at 1 km scale. Results show that: 1) from the perspective of spatial patterns of landforms at a macro scale, there is a significant difference in land use intensity between the north and the south of China′s coastal zone. Hotspots of changes mainly concentrated in metropolitan areas, estuaries and coastal wetlands; 2) elevation is an important factor that controlling land use spatial patterns at local scale. Land use intensity is much higher within areas below the elevation of 400 m and it decreased significantly as the elevation increasing; 3) there is a significant land-ocean gradient for land use intensity, which is low in island and near-shore areas, but high in the regions that 4–30 km far away the coastline because of much intensive human activities; however, in recent decades land use intensity had been promoted significantly in low near-shore area due to extensive sea reclamations; 4) significant differences of land use intensity were also found among provincial administrative units. A rising trend of land use intensity was found in provincial-level administrative units from 2000 to 2010. To sum up, elevation, land-ocean gradient, socio-economic status and policy are all influencing factors to the spatial patterns and temporal variations of land use intensity in China′s coastal zone.  相似文献   

Mapping of Regional Soil Salinities in Xinjiang and Strategies for Amelioration and Management   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

WANG Fei  CHEN Xi  LUO Geping  HAN Qifei 《中国地理科学(英文版)》2015,(3):321-336

Information on the spatial distribution of soil salinity can be used as guidance in avoiding the continued degradation of land and water resources by better informing policy makers. However, most regional soil-salinity maps are produced through a conventional direct-linking method derived from historic observations. Such maps lack spatial details and are limited in describing the evolution of soil salinization in particular instances. To overcome these limitations, we employed a method that included an integrative hierarchical-sampling strategy(IHSS) and the Soil Land Inference Model(So LIM) to map soil salinity over a regional area. A fuzzy c-means(FCM) classifier is performed to generate three measures, comprising representative grade, representative area, and representative level(membership). IHSS employs these three measures to ascertain how many representative samples are appropriate. Through this synergetic assessment, representative samples are obtained and their soil-salinity values are measured. These samples are input to So LIM, which is constructed based on fuzzy logic, to calculate the soil-forming environmental similarities between representative samples and other locations. Finally, a detailed soil-salinity map is produced through an averaging function that is linearly weighted, which is used to integrate the soil salinity value and soil similarity. This case study, in the Uyghur Autonomous Region of Xinjiang of China, demonstrates that the employed method can produce soil salinity map at a higher level of spatial detail and accuracy. Twenty-three representative points are determined. The results show that 1) the prediction is appropriate in Kuqa Oasis(R2 = 0.70, RPD = 1.55, RMSE = 12.86) and Keriya Oasis(R2 = 0.75, RPD = 1.66, RMSE = 10.92), that in Fubei Oasis(R2 = 0.77, RPD = 2.01, RMSE = 6.32) perform little better than in those two oases, according to the evaluation criterion. 2) Based on all validation samples from three oases, accuracy estimation show the employed method(R2 = 0.74, RPD = 1.67, RMSE = 11.18) performed better than the multiple linear regression model(R2 = 0.60, RPD = 1.47, RMSE = 14.45). 3) The statistical result show that approximately half(48.07%) of the study area has changed to salt-affected soil, mainly distributed in downstream of oases, around lakes, on both sides of rivers and more serious in the southern than the northern Xinjiang. To deal with this issue, a couple of strategies involving soil-salinity monitoring, water management, and plant diversification are proposed, to reduce soil salinization. Finally, this study concludes that the employed method can serve as an alternative model for soil-salinity mapping on a large scale.  相似文献   

Measurement and Scenario Simulation of Effect of Urbanisation on Regional CO₂ Emissions Based on UEC-SD Model:A Case Study in Liaoning Province,China     

LI Fujia  DONG Suocheng  LI Shantong  LI Zehong  LI Yu 《中国地理科学(英文版)》2015,(3):350-360

Based on the logical causal relationship and taking Liaoning Province, China, which is the Chinese traditional industrial base and is in the stage of accelerated urbanisation, as a case study, this study builds the ′Urbanisation-Energy Consumption-CO2 Emissions System Dynamics(UEC-SD)′ model using a system dynamics method. The UEC-SD model is applied to analyse the effect of the urbanisation process on the regional energy structure and CO2 emissions, followed by simulation of future production and living energy consumption structure as well as the evolutionary trend of CO2 emissions of three urbanisation scenarios(low speed, intermediate speed and high speed) under the assumed boundary conditions in urban and rural areas of Liaoning Province, China. The results show that the urbanisation process can alter production and the living energy consumption structure and thereby change regional CO2 emissions. An increase in the urbanisation rate in case area will lead to regional CO2 emissions rising in the short term, but when the urbanisation rate approaches 80%, CO2 emissions will reach a peak value and then decrease. Comparison of different urbanisation rates showed that production and living energy consumption exhibit different directions of change and rules in urban and rural areas. The effect of urbanisation on CO2 emissions and energy structure is not direct, and urbanisation can increase the differences in energy and CO2 emissions between urban and rural areas caused by the industrial structure, technical level and other factors.  相似文献   

Spatial Variation of Dissolved Organic Carbon in Soils of Riparian Wetlands and Responses to Hydro-geomorphologic Changes in Sanjiang Plain,China     

XI Min  KONG Fanlong  LYU Xianguo  JIANG Ming  LI Yue 《中国地理科学(英文版)》2015,(2):174-183

Spatial variation of dissolved organic carbon(DOC) in soils of riparian wetlands and responses to hydro-geomorphologic changes in the Sanjiang Plain were analyzed through in situ collecting soil samples in the Naoli River and the Bielahong River. The results showed that the average contents of DOC for soil layer of 0–100 cm were 730.6 mg/kg, 250.9 mg/kg, 423.0 mg/kg and 333.1 mg/kg respectively from riverbed to river terrace along the transverse directions of the Naoli watershed. The content of the soil DOC was the highest in the riverbed, lower in the high floodplain and much lower in the river terrace, and it was the lowest in the low floodplain. The difference in the content and vertical distribution of DOC between the riverbed and the three riparian wetlands was significant, while it was not significant among the low floodplain, the high floodplain and the river terrace. The variability of soil DOC was related to the hydrological connectivity between different landscape position of the riparian wetlands and the adjacent stream. Extremely significant correlations were observed between DOC and total organic carbon(TOC), total iron(TFe), ferrous iron(Fe(II)) whose correlation coefficients were 0.819, –0.544 and –0.709 in riparian wetlands of the Naoli River. With the increase of wetland destruction, soil p H increased and soil DOC content changed. The correlation coefficients between soil DOC and TOC, TFe, Fe(II) also changed into 0.759, –0.686 and –0.575 respectively in the Bielahong River. Under the impact of drainage ditches, the correlations between soil DOC and TFe, Fe(II) were not obvious, while the soil p H was weakly alkaline and was negatively correlated with soil DOC in the previous high floodplain. It indicates that riparian hydro-geomorphology is the main factor that could well explain this spatial variability of soil DOC, and the agricultural environmental hydraulic works like ditching also must be considered.  相似文献   

论地图比例尺     

刘丽花 《华北国土资源》2015,(1):95+98

因地图小于制图区域,因此为了使地图便于使用,图上必须确定两者的比例关系。这种比例关系就叫做地图比例尺。这是地图使用者首先应该知道的。地图比例尺有多种方法表示:可用某种文字或图解方法明确地注出,也可用经纬线间距来间接表明,甚至用地图上的符号大小和特征巧妙地表示。  相似文献