环保用矿物的功能及其在环境保护中的应用     

《江苏地矿信息》2000,25(4):111-114

环保矿物市场发展迅速,潜力巨大。各种治污手段和方法层出不穷,有有机的,无机的,合成的,等等。近年来,国际市场上以天然无机矿物为原料生产的环保用系列产品已越来越多,在污染治理和预防等许多领域得到了广泛应用。尽管目前环保矿物市场的绝对消费量不大,但环保矿物具有的原料易得、成本低廉、效果显著等优点已使它成为当代治理环境污染的有力手段和措施,尤其在填埋场内衬,废弃物处理,污水净化、烟道气脱硫等方面更显现出  相似文献   

云南砚山沸石岩矿污水处理初试研究     

武希彻底  李肇南 《云南地质科技情报》1992,(2):5-6

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浅谈项目管理在滨海电厂废水处理工程项目中的应用     

牛波 《海洋技术学报》2004,23(2):107-108,110

介绍了广州瑞明电厂烟气脱硫废水处理工程运用项目管理来运作环保总承包项目的经验及取得的良好效果。阐明了科学严密的项目管理是高质量完成滨海电厂环保项目的最有效方法。  相似文献   

电渗析脱盐时威尔逊公式修正的新方法   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

宋德政 《海洋学研究》1996,14(1):58-64

本文列举了铝制品洗白碱性废水［１］、海水第二脱盐段①和人工配制ＮａＣｌ水溶液②三种水质，采用伏－安法测定权限电流密度后，用三步作图法，分别求出威尔逊修正式中的系数Ｋ，浓度指数ｍ和流速指数ｎ，建立了威尔逊修正公式的新模式：Ｉ_（ｌｉｍ_＝ＫＣ~ｍＣ~（ａ＋ｂｃ）本模式适用于组份复杂、浓度变化范围大的水溶液体系。用该模式计算的极限电流密度值与实验测定值之间的偏差在±１０％之内，具有很好的实用性。  相似文献   

重金属离子废水的处理技术进展          下载免费PDF全文

田素燕 《盐湖研究》2012,20(4):67-72

重金属离子废水的排放是造成水污染的主要来源,对经济社会已经造成了很大的危害。综述了重金属离子废水处理的研究现状,对目前重金属离子废水常用的处理方法包括沉淀法、生物法、吸附法、絮凝法、离子交换法等技术进行了介绍和评述,同时展望了重金属离子废水处理的未来发展趋势。  相似文献   

EFFICIENCY OF NITROGEN REMOVAL IN CONSTRUCTED WETLAND：A SIMULATION STUDY IN THE WEST JINLIN, CHINA     

ZHANGHu-Cheng YUMu-Qing TIANWei YUJian FUYou-Bao WANGXiao-Dong 《湿地科学》2004,2(4):309-313

Plenty of inorganic nitrogen in wastewater can cause the eutrophication in water bodies, so it is an important task to remove nitrogen. Purification role was realized by absorption, filtration, depositon, evaporation, nitrification and denitrification of microbes. Although the studies of Phragmites austrilis bed in the constructed wetland are popular, the purification performances of constructed wetland filled by saline-alkali soil substrate are less reported. In the paper, the purification efficiency of nitrogen with Phragmites austrilis bed in the constructed wetland filled by saline-alkali soil substrate was discussed through a simulation study. Results to date indicated that the first order plug flow model was adequate to describe the nitrogen removal. The experiment showed that the diminishing concentration of TN, NO2-N, NO3-N, NH4-N were closely related to hydrological retention time (HRT), the correlation coefficient was R^2 = 0.98499, R^2 = 0.9911, R^2 = 0.89407 and R^2 = 0.95459, respectively. According to the data, the most suitable hydrological retention time (HRT) for this kind of constructed wetland should be determined to 4 days. In addition, the experiment showed the purification efficiency of nitrogen has very broad range and drastic vibration, TN( 17 % - 79 % ), NO2-N (33%-98% ), NO3-N (13%-93% ), NH4-N (28%-64% ). The study will promote wetland‘s design and operation procedures in large saline-alkallne soil areas.  相似文献   

Impacts of wastewater irrigation on soils and crops in suburban area of Shiraz, Iran     

Afshin Qishlaqi Farid Moore 《中国地球化学学报》2006,25(B08):214-214

This preliminary work reported here dealt with potential impacts of wastewater irrigation on soils and crops sampled along the Koshk River canal in the suburban area of Shiraz City, Iran. It also attempts to assess the extent of heavy metal contamination in soils and crops and human exposure risk. For this purpose, samples including soils and plants were collected from two wastewater irrigated sites and a tubewell-irrigated site （marked by A, B and C）. Concentrations of the six heavy metals Ni, Pb, Cd, Zn, Cr and Cu were determined by AAS. Physical and chemical properties of soil samples were also determined. The PLIs and CF for soils and HQ （Hazard quotient） for some vegetables were calculated. The results showed that organic matter content increased from 22% to 30 % in wastewater-irrigated soils as compared to tubewell water irrigated and admixture water irrigated ones. The soil pH was raised by 2 units as a result of wastewater irrigation at site A compared to sites B and C. Wastewater irrigation also result in relatively high concentrations of Ni, Pb and Zn （275.5, 441.3 and 177 mg/kg, respectively） in wastewater irrigated soils over tubewell water irrigated soils. These levels are higher than the maximum permissible limits in unpolluted soils, indicating that a degree of contamination has occurred. This was confirmed by calculated PLIs and contamination factors in soil samples, The results also showed some crops cultivated at sites A and B contained high levels of Ni and Cd beyond the maximum permissible concentrations and those cultivated at site C. The concentrations of these heavy metals are within or very close to the critical levels. HQ indices and daily intake calculated in respect of metal contents in some vegetables （spinach, lettuce and celery） showed that toxic risk due to Cd in these vegetables and crops was greater than one. This study generally concludes that although the content of heavy metals did not reach toxic level, extensive use of untreated wastewater drawn from the Koshk River has obviously increased the contamination of Ni and Pb in soils and Cd in some vegetables cultivated along the canal, causing potential health risk in the long-term scense for consumers or local residents.  相似文献   

Quantification and characterization of condensed organic matter in sediments from the Pearl River Delta and Estuary, South China     

Yong RAN Ke SUN Baosahn XING Chende SUN 《中国地球化学学报》2006,25(B08):265-266

Nonhydrolyzable carbon （NHC） and black carbon （BC） were measured upon treatments with the HCl/HF/trifluoroacetic acid method, and with the combustion method at 375 ℃, respectively in three contaminated soils from the urban area of Guangzhou and twenty-two bulk and size-fractionated sediments from the Pearl River Delta and Estuary, China. The isolated NHC and BC fractions were also characterized using elementary analysis, radiocarbon accelerated mass spectroscopy （AMS）, solid state ^13C cross-polarization and magic angle spinning unclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy （^13C-CP/MAS NMR）, Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy （FTIR）, and Raman microspectrometry. The results showed that the NHC and BC accounted for 25.6%-84.7 % and 4.14%-17.3%, respectively, of the total organic carbon （OC） with averages of 51.9% and 11.2% in the soils and sediments. For the less contaminated, low OC fiver and estuary sediments （WR and C08）, the OC and NHC concentrations increased with decreasing particle size.  相似文献   

Pretreatment of diosgenin wastewaters using polyferric sulfate as a main coagulant     

Zhen LIANG 《中国地球化学学报》2006,25(B08):93-94

Diosgenin is produced from Dioscrea L, mainly using D.zingiberensis as the raw material. During the process, particularly in the process of acidic hydrolysis, large quantities of high-strength wastewaters are discharged. The waste liquids are characteristic of strong acidity, usually with pH value less than 1, and high concentrations of organic matter with average CODcr （chemical organic demand） in the range of 20000-3000 mg/L. Without proper treatment, their free disposal would pose serious threat to natural ecosystem and cause considerable environmental problems. Since diosgenin wastewaters contain high load organics and acidity, appropriate pretreatment is needed before they are biologically degraded. Coagulation is a common method for eliminating colloid particles and/or high molecule organic chemicals from wastewaters. Poly-ferric sulfate is found to be most effective in removing organic matter. The objective of this study is to investigate the effectiveness and feasibility of poly-ferric sulfate to reduce CODcr and turbidity from diosgenin wastewaters. Due to its high acidic nature, the pH value of diosgenin wastewater was neutralized with Ca（OH）2 solution before being coagulated. Various factors that influence the coagulation process, such as pH value, the dosage of poly-ferric sulfate, polyelectrolyte aids and mixing conditions were examined in the experiments.  相似文献   

Bromide removal and recovery with layered double hydroxides as an adsorbent     

Liang LU Jing HE Xiangjun PAN 《中国地球化学学报》2006,25(B08):107-107

Grignard regents have been applied extensively in chemical industry, especially in pharmacy. A mass of bromide-containing wastewater was produced after reaction, and ozonation of these organic contaminants can produce bromate and other brominated pollutants. The US Environmental Protection Agency （EPA） has established a maximum contaminant level of 10 μg/L for bromate in finished water. Therefore, it is necessary and significant to remove the DBP （disinfection by-products） precursor - bromide. On the other hand, since the bromine is a valuable element, recovery of it from wastewater is significant. Bromide removal is important to control DBP （disinfection by-products） contaminant and an ion exchange process is one of several treatment processes for this purpose. Layered double hydroxides （LDHs） are useful as adsorbents for bromide removal because of theft ion exchange properties. In this study, the adsorption properties of LDHs for bromide and the method of regeneration of this material were examined. It has been found that the LDHs with Mg/Al molar ratio of 2 represented the highest capacity to remove bromide ion from aqueous solution at pH 6.0. The equilibrium isotherms of uptake of bromide by CLDH were well fitted by the Langmuir equation. Bromide adsorbed on the LDHs was effectively desorbed at 30% Na2CO3 solution and the LDHs were regenerated at the same time. The regenerated LDHs could be reused repeatedly for the bromide removal. Bromide in the exhausted desorption solution was recovered as bromine by oxidation using Cl2.  相似文献