Effect of chlorophyll-a spatial distribution on upper ocean temperature in the central and eastern equatorial Pacific   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

林鹏飞  刘海龙  张学洪 《大气科学进展》2008,25(4):585-596

Effect of the spatial distributions of chlorophyll-a concentration on upper ocean temperature and currents in the equatorial Pacific is investigated through a set of numerical experiments by using an ocean general circulation model. This study indicates that enhanced meridional gradient of chlorophyll-a between the equator and off-equatorial regions can strengthen zonal circulation and lead to a decrease in equatorial sea surface temperature （SST）. However, the circulation changes by themselves are not effective enough to affect SST in the equatorial cold tongue （CT） region. The comparison between the experiments indicates that the CT SST are more sensitive to chlorophyll-a distribution away from the equator. The off-equatorial chlorophyll-a traps more solar radiation in the mixed layer, therefore, the temperature in the thermoeline decreases. The cold water can then be transported to the equator by the meridional circulation within the mixed layer. Furthermore, the relation among CT SST, the surface heat flux, and the equatorial upwelling are discussed. The study implies the simulation biases of temperature on the equator are not only related to the local ocean dynamics but also related to some deficiency in simulating off-equatorial processes.  相似文献   

南京江北地区9490～4840 a BP环境演变的地层记录研究   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

朱诚马春梅  黄林燕赵宁曦 《地质论评》2005,51(3):347-352

来自^14C、δ^13C、粒度和地球化学元素的分析表明,南京江北地区在5120a BP、6240a BP、4840a BP和8914a BP是气候相对暖湿期,而8523a BP和6520a BP可能对应的是相对干冷的气候。该区在9490～4840a BP期间沉积速率具有明显不均一性,9490～8730a BP期间沉积速率为56mm／100a,8695～8566a BP期间为62mm／100a,而8523～4840a BP期间沉积速率仅为8mm／100a,上述现象可能与9490～8566a BP期间该区经历过海侵和地壳沉降加快有关。由于在第5～7层中未发现海相有孔虫,可以肯定该区海拔高于7m的地带在9490～4840a BP期间未受海侵影响。  相似文献   

HNLC海区间现场加铁实验的比较   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

李宏亮  陈建芳 《海洋学研究》2005,23(2):24-32

综述了在赤道太平洋、南大洋和亚北极太平洋3个典型的高硝酸盐、低叶绿素a(high-nitrateandlow-chlorophylla,HNLC)海区不同研究小组现场加铁实验的结果,并阐述了铁限制与光限制、硅限制以及浮游动物摄食等其它限制因素之间的关系。加铁后,各海区的浮游植物生物量都增加了,但不同海区的浮游植物生物量、种群结构、颗粒有机碳通量等方面却有不同的响应,因而通过对大洋施铁以缓解大气中CO2增加的设想的可行性还需作进一步验证。  相似文献   

广西近50年来气温、降水气候变化     

黄雪松  周惠文  黄梅丽  赵江洁 《气象研究与应用》2005,26(4):9-11

采用广西1958~2005年的气温、降水资料,运用统计方法,分析了全区近50a来的年平均气温、最高气温、最低气温、四季平均气温和年、汛期降水量的分布特点及变化趋势。结果显示,近50a来,广西年及春、秋两季平均气温和最低气温呈明显偏高趋势,年最高气温、夏、冬两季平均气温及年降水、汛期降水变化较平稳。  相似文献   

莱州湾营养盐与浮游植物多样性调查与评价研究   总被引：7，自引：1，他引：6  

郝彦菊  王宗灵  朱明远  李瑞香  孙丕喜  夏滨  陈力群 《海洋科学进展》2005,23(2):197-204

利用莱州湾4个航次调查的资料,分析了1989年6月、8月和2001年6月、9月莱州湾海水中营养盐浓度、Chl—a含量和浮游植物多样性的变化。研究发现这12a来莱州湾海水中总无机氮和活性磷酸盐含量在升高,而浮游植物的多样性在下降;海水中的活性磷酸盐含量是Chl—a和浮游植物多样性的主要影响因子。  相似文献   

CO_2加富对盐生杜氏藻(Dunaliella salina)叶绿素荧光参数的影响     

臧宇  黄致远  赵新宇  胡顺鑫 《海洋与湖沼》2017,48(5):998-1003

大气中CO_2浓度不断升高导致的海水酸化,已经引起了广泛的环境、生态和气候问题。本实验采用实验生态学的方法,以盐生杜氏藻(Dunaliella salina)为研究对象,分析其在CO_2加富的条件下叶绿素荧光参数的变化。研究表明,CO_2加富对盐生杜氏藻光系统Ⅱ最大光化学量子产额(Fv/Fm)和最大相对电子传递速率(rETRmax)无显著影响(P0.05),显著促进了光系统Ⅱ实际光合效率(P0.05)和光能利用效率(α)(P0.05),并且降低了饱和光强(Ek)(P0.05)。然而,CO_2升高增加了盐生杜氏藻的光抑制参数(β)(P0.05)和非光化学淬灭(NPQ)(P0.05),这说明在光照充足的情况下,CO_2加富会对盐生杜氏藻产生负面效应,使其更容易受到光抑制。  相似文献   

丰、枯水期长江口邻近海域浮游植物群落结构特征及其环境影响初探   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

李照  宋书群  李才文  俞志明 《海洋学报》2017,39(10):124-144

通过2013年3月和8月在长江口及其邻近海域进行的多学科综合调查,研究了枯水期和丰水期浮游植物的群落结构和空间分布特征,并探讨了影响其分布的环境因子效应。枯水期共发现浮游植物3门41属80种（不包括变种和变型）,以硅藻为主,主要优势种为具槽帕拉藻（Paralia sulcata）;浮游植物细胞丰度介于0.15×103~16.35×103 cells/L,平均值为（3.24±3.14）×103 cells/L;浮游植物细胞丰度在长江口外东北部海域形成高值,垂直变化较小,硅藻刻画了浮游植物的空间分布。丰水期共发现浮游植物4门67属135种（不包括变种和变型）,甲藻物种数量和细胞丰度均升高,主要优势种为东海原甲藻（Prorocentrum donghaiense）和骨条藻（Skeletonema sp.）;浮游植物细胞丰度介于0.2×103~1 925.45×103 cells/L,平均值为（41.67±186.00）×103 cells/L;浮游植物细胞丰度在长江口外形成南北两个高值区,随水深增加,细胞丰度逐渐降低。浮游植物的空间分布受长江口冲淡水影响,与盐度和浊度有显著的相关性;N/P比影响浮游植物群落结构,随着N/P比升高,甲藻的相对丰度升高,硅藻的相对丰度逐渐降低。浮游植物在层化水体的上层大量繁殖是底层低氧形成的必要条件,硅藻具有较高的沉降速率,因而以硅藻为主的群落更利于低氧的形成。  相似文献   

基于浮游植物吸收的海洋初级生产力模型的不确定性分析   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

陶醉  马胜  杨晓峰  王琰 《海洋学报(英文版)》2017,36(6):112-121

Satellite-derived phytoplankton pigment absorption(a_(ph)) has been used as a key predictor of phytoplankton photosynthetic efficiency to estimate global ocean net primary production(NPP). In this study, an a_(ph)-based NPP model(Ab PM) with four input parameters including the photosynthetically available radiation(PAR), diffuse attenuation at 490 nm(K_d(490)), euphotic zone depth(Z_(eu)) and the phytoplankton pigment absorption coefficient(a_(ph)) is compared with the chlorophyll-based model and carbon-based model. It is found that the Ab PM has significant advantages on the ocean NPP estimation compared with the chlorophyll-based model and carbonbased model. For example, Ab PM greatly outperformed the other two models at most monitoring sites and had the best accuracy, including the smallest values of RMSD and bias for the NPP estimate, and the best correlation between the observations and the modeled NPPs. In order to ensure the robustness of the model, the uncertainty in NPP estimates of the Ab PM was assessed using a Monte Carlo simulation. At first, the frequency histograms of simple difference(δ), and logarithmic difference(δ~(LOG)) between model estimates and in situ data confirm that the two input parameters(Z_(eu) and PAR) approximate the Normal Distribution, and another two input parameters(a_(ph) and K_d(490)) approximate the logarithmic Normal Distribution. Second, the uncertainty in NPP estimates in the Ab PM was assessed by using the Monte Carlo simulation. Here both the PB(percentage bias), defined as the ratio of ΔNPP to the retrieved NPP, and the CV(coefficient of variation), defined as the ratio of the standard deviation to the mean are used to indicate the uncertainty in the NPP brought by input parameter to Ab PM model. The uncertainty related to magnitude is denoted by PB and the uncertainty related to scatter range is denoted by CV.Our investigations demonstrate that PB of NPP uncertainty brought by all parameters with an annual mean of5.5% covered a range of –5%–15% for the global ocean. The PB uncertainty of Ab PM model was mainly caused by a_(ph); the PB of NPP uncertainty brought by a_(ph) had an annual mean of 4.1% for the global ocean. The CV brought by all the parameters with an annual mean of 105% covered a range of 98%–134% for global ocean. For the coastal zone of Antarctica with higher productivity, the PB and CV of NPP uncertainty brought by all parameters had annual means of 7.1% and 121%, respectively, which are significantly larger than those obtained in the global ocean. This study suggests that the NPPs estimated by Ab PM model are more accurate than others, but the magnitude and scatter range of NPP errors brought by input parameter to Ab PM model could not be neglected,especially in the coastal area with high productivity. So the improving accuracy of satellite retrieval of input parameters should be necessary. The investigation also confirmed that the SST related correction is effective for improving the model accuracy in low temperature condition.  相似文献   

坛紫菜叶状体营养细胞与生殖细胞叶绿素荧光特性比较     

李家富  张涛  陆勤勤  朱建一  沈宗根  刘兆普  王长海 《海洋科学》2013,37(3):82-86

利用叶绿素荧光技术对坛紫菜(Porphyra haitanensis)叶状体营养细胞和生殖细胞的光能利用特性进行了比较。结果表明:坛紫菜叶状体营养细胞和雌性生殖细胞的实际量子效率(ΔF/Fm′)差异不明显,但显著高于雄性生殖细胞;快速光曲线测定表明雌、雄藻体营养细胞的最大相对电子传递速率(rETRmax)相近,但显著高于雄性生殖细胞;不同生殖细胞半饱和光强(Ik)无显著差异;在生长光强下,营养细胞和雌性生殖细胞rETR、光化学猝灭(qP)和非光化学猝灭(NPQ)差异不明显,而雄性生殖细胞rETR、qP等荧光参数均显著低于营养细胞和雌性生殖细胞。本文表明坛紫菜叶状体营养细胞和雌性生殖细胞具有较高的光能利用能力,能够将吸收的光能多数用于电子传递,而雄性生殖细胞对光能的利用能力较低。  相似文献   

绿藻浒苔对浮游植物群落结构影响研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张雪  栾青杉  孙坚强  王俊 《海洋科学》2013,37(6):24-31

为了解浒苔(Enteromorpha prolifera)对浮游植物群落的影响,于2011年7月末在青岛第三海水浴场附近海域,现场采集了浒苔鲜组织和含自然浮游植物群落的海水,进行了10d 的浒苔与浮游植物群落室内受控共培养实验。设计4个处理,包括1个对照组和3个实验组,每个处理设置3个平行。对照组未添加浒苔,实验组分别按照0.8(低)、2.4(中)和7.2 g/L(高)的湿质量进行添加。研究结果表明,在整个共培养期间,硅藻的生长受到了浒苔明显的抑制,在3个不同的实验组细胞丰度显著降低(ANOVA, P<0.05),降幅分别达到84.1%、92.1%和95.3%。优势种长菱形藻(Nitzschia longissima)在高实验组的第10天,细胞丰度更是低至对照组的0.38%。甲藻丰度在各组皆表现出先升高后降低的趋势,优势种利玛原甲藻(Prorocentrum lima)在高实验组的第3天,细胞丰度高达对照组的98.7倍。浒苔通过影响浮游植物细胞丰度和优势种演替,改变了浮游植物的群落结构。高密度浒苔的存在会使浮游植物优势种组成趋于单一,物种多样性程度和群落稳定性大为降低。但是,浒苔对单细胞浮游植物的克生作用可以抑制赤潮藻的过度繁殖,有益于赤潮的生物防治和水域环境的生态修复。  相似文献