组织培养获得的海黍子幼孢子体的营养盐吸收和生长特性的研究     

顾玲玲  张俊涛  刘岩  宫庆礼  李景玉 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2014,44(1)

以组织培养间接获得的海黍子幼孢子体为实验对象,研究温度和氮、磷浓度对其营养盐吸收和生长的影响。结果显示,15~30℃范围内幼孢子体均可吸收NO-3-N、NH+4-N和PO3-4-P。25~30℃下NH+4-N的吸收显著高于10~15℃时,而NO-3-N和PO3-4-P的吸收速率在实验温度下差异不显著。NO-3-N、NH+4-N和PO3-4-P的最大吸收速率分别出现在15、25和25℃。当氮浓度3 000μg·L-1时,幼孢子体均可吸收NO-3-N和NH+4-N,且二者均呈现开放型吸收模式。当磷浓度30μg·L-1时,幼孢子体可吸收PO3-4-P,且呈现饱和型模式。温度对幼孢子体的生长影响显著。10~30℃范围内,富含氮磷组和去除氮磷组的特定生长率(SGR)均随着温度的升高先增大后减小,且最大SGR(分别为19.58%·d-1和14.58%·d-1)均在25℃时取得;叶绿素a、c的含量随着温度的升高先减小后增大。氮、磷浓度对幼孢子体的生长影响显著。富含氮磷组的SGR、叶绿素a含量和叶绿素c含量分别在15~25℃、15~30℃和20~30℃范围内显著高于去除氮磷组。  相似文献   

Spike in phytoplankton biomass in Greenland Sea during 2009 and the correlations among chlorophyll-a,aerosol optical depth and ice cover     

瞿波  路海浪  林道荣 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2014,32(2):241-254

The distributions and correlations of chlorophyll-a(Chl-a),aerosol optical depth(AOD)and ice cover in the southeast Arctic Ocean-Greenland Sea(10°W–10°E,70°–80°N)between 2003 and 2009 were studied using satellite data and statistical analyses.Regression analysis showed correlations between Chl-a and AOD,Chl-a and ice cover,and AOD and ice cover with different time lags.The time lag of Chl-a and AOD indicated their long-term equilibrium relationship.Peaks in AOD and Chl-a and generally occurred in May and July,respectively.Despite the time lag,the correlation between Chl-a and AOD in the study region was as high as 0.7.The peak gap between Chl-a and AOD shifted for about 6 weeks during 2003–2009.In the summer and autumn of 2009,Chl-a and AOD levels were much higher than during the other years,especially in the northern band of the study region(75°–80°N).The driving forces for this localized increase in phytoplankton biomass could be mainly attributed to the very high rate of ice melting in spring and early summer and the high wind speed in autumn,together with the increased deposition of aerosol throughout the year.The unusually high AOD in the spring of 2003 was mainly due to a massive fi re in Russia,which occurred in the fi rst half of the year.Over the 7 years of the study,the sea surface temperature generally decreased.This may have been due to the release of dimethylsulfi de into the air,excreted in large amounts from abundant phytoplankton biomass,and its subsequent reaction,form large amounts of aerosol,and resulting in regional cooling.  相似文献   

Mineralogical study of surface sediments in the western Arctic Ocean and their implications for material sources     

DONG Linsen  SHI Xuefa  LIU Yanguang  FANG Xisheng  CHEN Zhihua  WANG Chunjuan  ZOU Jianjun  HUANG Yuanhui 《极地研究(英文版)》2014,(3):192-203

Mineralogical analysis was performed on bulk sediments of 79 surface samples using X-ray diffraction. The analytical results, combined with data on ocean currents and the regional geological background, were used to investigate the mineral sources. Mineral assemblages in sediments and their distribution in the study area indicate that the material sources are complex. （1） Feldspar is abundant in the sediments of the middle Chukchi Sea near the Bering Strait, originating from sediments in the Anadyr River carried by the Anadyr Current. Sediments deposited on the western side of the Chukchi Sea are rich in feldspar. Compared with other areas, sediments in this region are rich in hornblende transported from volcanic and sedimentary rocks in Siberia by the Anadyr Stream and the Siberian Coastal Current. Sediments in the eastern Chukchi Sea are rich in quartz sourced from sediments of the Yukon and Kuskokwim rivers carried by the Alaska Coastal Current. Sediments in the northern Chukchi Sea are rich in quartz and carbonates from the Mackenzie River sediments. （2） Sediments of the southern and central Canada Basin contain little calcite and dolomite, mainly due to the small impact of the Beaufort Gyre carrying carbonates from the Canadian Arctic Islands. Compared with other areas, the mica content in the region is high, implying that the Laptev Sea is the main sediment source for the southern and central Canada Basin. In the other deep sea areas, calcite and dolomite levels are high caused by the input of large amounts of sediment carried by the Beaufort Gyre from the Canadian Arctic Islands （Banks and Victoria）. The Siberian Laptev Sea also provides small amounts of sediment for this region. Furthermore, the Atlantic mid-water contributes some fine-grained material to the entire deep western Arctic Ocean.  相似文献   

云南冬季降水的演变特征及成因分析   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

陶云  黄玮  郑建萌  邢冬  何华  何群 《高原气象》2014,(1)

利用云南124个气象观测站逐月降水量资料、NCEP/NCAR再分析大气环流资料和海表面温度(SST)资料,分析了云南冬季降水时空演变特征及其相对应的大气环流异常和海温异常。结果表明:(1)云南冬季降水第一模态表现为一致性变化模态,方差贡献为53%,具有显著的准5年周期,该模态具有一定的年代际变化特征。(2)第二模态表现为滇中及以东、以南与滇西及滇西北地区反位相振荡模态,方差贡献为13.4%,具有显著的准3年周期,也具有一定的年代际变化特征。(3)云南冬季降水与大气环流异常密切相关。当云南冬季降水偏多(少)时,中国大陆大部分地区海平面气压偏高(低),近地面冷高压活动频繁(偏少),冷空气易(不易)南下影响云南;500 hPa高度场上,中高纬度贝加尔湖附近高度场偏高(低),该处的脊强(弱),有(不)利于引导北方冷空气南下;同时,中低纬度在孟加拉湾北部高度场偏低(高),南支槽偏强(弱),有(不)利于南方暖湿空气向北输送。来自南海和孟加拉湾的异常水汽输送在云南形成辐合(辐散),从而造成该地区降水异常偏多(少)。(4)云南冬季降水与海温异常也存在密切关系。云南冬季降水偏多、偏少年,太平洋海温差异场呈类似El Nino年的分布:赤道中东太平洋的SST异常偏高,而菲律宾以东的西太平洋SST异常偏低。El Nino年冬季降水以偏多为主;而La Nina年,则以偏少为主。赤道中东太平洋海温异常对云南冬季降水具有一定的潜在预报意义。(5)北极涛动(AO)与云南冬季降水存在密切相关关系。当AO为正(负)位相时,云南冬季降水偏多(少)。同时,AO与云南冬季降水的关系在一定程度上受ENSO事件的制约,在ENSO暖位相时,冬季AO与云南冬季降水密切相关,而在ENSO冷位相时两者间几乎没有联系。  相似文献   

香格里拉大气本底站11、12月份草温数据的变化分析     

杜丽英  余珂  沈营华 《贵州气象》2014,(2):38-41

在对香格里拉大气本底站A文件资料审核时发现:从2011年开始,每年11、12月份14时草温出现异常的日数比较多。分析其变化原因,是受观测场周围环境的影响所致。  相似文献   

Model simulations of mesoscale eddies and deep convection in the Labrador Sea     

Jieshun  ZHU  Entcho  DEMIROV  Ying  ZHANG  Ania  POLOMSKA-HARLICK 《大气科学进展》2014,31(4):743-754

Deep convection in the Labrador Sea is confined within a small region in the southwest part of the basin.The strength of deep convection in this region is related to the local atmospheric and ocean characteristics,which favor processes of deep convection preconditioning and intense air-sea exchange during the winter season.In this study,we explored the effect of eddy-induced flux transport on the stratification of the Labrador Sea and the properties of deep convection.Simulations from an eddy-resolving ocean model are presented for the Labrador Sea.The general circulation was well simulated by the model,including the seasonal cycle of the deep Labrador Current.The simulated distribution of the surface eddy kinetic energy was also close to that derived from Topex-Poseidon satellite altimeter data,but with smaller magnitude.The energy transfer diagnostics indicated that Irminger rings are generated by both baroclinic and barotropic processes; however,when they propagate into the interior basin,the barotropic process also disperses them by converting the eddy energy to the mean flow.In contrast to eddy-permitting simulations,deep convection in the Labrador Sea was better represented in the eddyresolving model regarding their lateral position.Further analysis indicated that the improvement might be due to the lateral eddy flux associated with the resolved Irminger rings in the eddy-resolving model,which contributes to a realistic position of the isopycnal dome in the Labrador Sea and correspondingly a realistic site of deep convection.  相似文献   

随笔三则     

习习 《青海国土经略》2014,(4)

正1据我所知,《芒果街上的小屋》出版了两次,第一次在2006年,第二次是去年、2012年。2006年我读过一次,小而清淡的喜欢,觉得它像儿时包了玻璃纸的糖果。6年过去了,去年,看到这本书,又读了,这次是闲散的读,从后往前,或者随便从中间的一节开始,但不自禁地,很快又读完了。读的时候,我知道,马上、马上就会给针扎一下,果然是——爷爷去世了,爸爸告诉了"我"这个最大的孩子,"爸爸人像件外套一样皱缩起来,哭了。""我想要是我自己的爸爸死去了我会做什么?于是,我把爸爸抱在怀里,我要抱啊抱啊抱住他。"  相似文献   

红纤维虾形草(Phyllospadix iwatensis)种子形态及内部特征     

韩通  李晶晶  刘正一  刘凯  张金浩  秦松  钟志海 《热带海洋学报》2022,41(6):105-113

海草床可以为海洋动物提供产卵、索饵、繁育等场所。目前, 海草床面积急剧下降, 其中我国关于虾形草属(Phyllospadix)海草的研究相对较少, 对于虾形草主要繁育载体种子的描述、显微观察和萌发过程方面存在较多空白。本研究以红纤维虾形草(Phyllospadix iwatensis)为研究对象, 对其生长环境、种子外部特征、内部结构、萌发过程等进行了定性定量描述。结果表明, 虾形草果实种子对于海洋环境有着外部形态与内部结构的适应性, 外部形态特点包括独特的果序和果实形状, 以及翅状结构和内侧鬃毛, 其中果序呈弯虾形, 平均长度3.4cm, 果实呈马掌形, 直径3~4mm, 内部结构特征包括胚乳占比大、果皮种皮解剖结构复杂等, 具有作为海岸带植被修复工具种的优势。本研究补充了目前对虾形草等海洋沉水植物种子的研究资料, 为虾形草海草种质库保护与海草床修复提供了建议和参考。  相似文献   

基于航次观测和再分析资料的南海海表二氧化碳分压反演及变化机制分析*     

邱爽  叶海军  张玉红  唐世林 《热带海洋学报》2022,41(1):106-116

海表二氧化碳分压(pCO₂)是指海洋表层水和大气之间的二氧化碳(CO₂)交换处于动态平衡时CO₂的含量, 是描述海-气CO₂交换的一个主要因子。本文利用2008—2014年覆盖南海大部分海域的海表pCO₂观测资料, 结合现场海表温度和海表盐度以及卫星观测的叶绿素a数据, 构建了基于多元线性回归方法的分区域反演模型。模型在水深浅于30m的区域均方根误差为5.3μatm, 其余海区均方根误差为10.8μatm, 与前人基于个别航次的有限区域反演结果的均方根误差相当。利用该模型公式和HYbrid Coordinate Ocean Model(HYCOM)再分析海表温、盐数据及MODIS-Aqua卫星观测的叶绿素a数据进行反演, 得到了时空分辨率为5'×5'的2004—2016年的逐月南海海表pCO₂数据。该数据能较好地反映南海海表pCO₂在海表温度影响下, 春夏高、秋冬低的季节变化特征, 与前人基于航次观测的研究结果相似, 表明反演模型具有较高的可信度。进一步分析发现, 南海及邻近海域平均海表pCO₂具有显著的准十年振荡特征: 2012年附近出现了极小值, 之前表现为降低的趋势, 之后略有升高的趋势。受海表pCO₂的影响, 南海海盆平均海-气CO₂通量在2012年之前出现了显著降低的趋势, 表明南海释放到大气中的CO₂减少, 并在2007年之后的冬季出现了负值(从碳源变为碳汇), 2012年之后变化较为平缓。热带太平洋年代际振荡引起的南海区域海表盐度变化是造成海表pCO₂及海-气CO₂通量准十年变化的主要原因。分区分析的结果表明, 南海北部海表pCO₂变化最为显著, 在南海海表pCO₂的季节和准十年变化中都起到非常重要的作用。  相似文献   

中国绿水格局及其战略意义     

王光谦  张宇  谢笛  钟德钰 《地理学报》2023,(7):1641-1658

绿水通过蒸散发、大气水输送和陆地降水过程形成陆地内循环,是连接水圈、大气圈、生物圈、人类圈等地球圈层的重要环节。对绿水陆地内循环的有限认知将低估人类活动对水和生态的影响。本文研究中国范围内绿水陆地内循环的格局以及自然和人类生态系统对其的作用。结果表明,2000—2018年中国绿水陆地内循环具有内循环率高(50.4%)和内循环量大(2.75万亿m³/a)的总体特点,存在由南向北、由西南向东北、西部以内循环为主的“三线”输送格局。其中,以草地为主的青藏高原为中国绿水陆地内循环提供了最多的水量(约8000亿m³/a);以森林为主的东南丘陵和云贵川地区是辐射范围最广的绿水供应区;以耕地为主的长江中下游平原和以草地为主的黄土高原分别是绿水由南向北、由西南向东北输送的枢纽。中国绿水陆地内循环格局由生态系统、大气环流等大尺度地理系统决定,充分认识绿水循环的战略意义在于：(1)绿水陆地内循环是中国水循环的“国内大循环”,是构建治水“全国一盘棋”新局面的着力点;(2)绿水陆地内循环是水循环与“山水林田湖草沙”的紧密纽带,是践行“山水林田湖草沙”系统治理的重要抓...  相似文献