人工藻礁设计与投放的研究进展     

于沛民  张秀梅  张沛东  田涛  王云中 《海洋科学》2007,31(5):80-84

人工藻礁就是人为设置在水域中,为海洋藻类提供生长繁殖场所,从而吸引鱼虾贝类等水生动物到藻场来索饵繁育,以达到优化海底环境,保护、增殖渔业资源和提高渔获物质量为目的的构造物,是一种恢  相似文献   

珠江口海岸带环境问题及管理   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李志龙 《南海研究与开发》2002,(2):34-38

人类活动的影响和自然变化因子的叠加，使珠江口海岸带面临着环境污染、生态恶化、海岸工程安全系数降低和渔业资源衰退等诸多问题。实行海岸带综合管理是该区可持续发展的有效途径。讨论了海岸带综合管理模式，并就珠江口海岸带存在的主要环境问题提出了合理的建议和行动措施。  相似文献   

垂死的渤海:并非都是污染惹的祸     

王保栋 《海洋开发与管理》2007,24(5):71-73

关于渤海渔业资源渐趋枯竭的原因,以往将其归咎于污染和捕捞过度这两大突出问题。文章的研究结果表明,黄河等入海径流和泥沙的大幅度减少,也是制约渤海渔业资源可持续发展的主要原因之一。因此,对渤海渔业资源乃至整个生态系统的保护和恢复不应只注重治污、限捕等措施,还应该强调保持一定生态淡水流量的重要性。  相似文献   

红树林潮沟游泳动物的季节动态研究   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

何斌源 《海洋通报》2002,21(6):16-24

于1999年定量研究了广西英罗港红树林潮沟潮水中游泳运动的季节变化,共发现有游泳运动70种,包括5种软体动物,11种甲壳运动和54种鱼类,在各季节出现的游泳运动种数分别有：春37种,夏40种,秋33种,冬31种,季度出现频数F=1～4的游泳动物种数分别为33,13,14和10种,尾数以冬季最多,鲜重则以春季最大。不同季节游泳动物在尾数和鲜重上最大优势种均不同,不同种类间数量相差较为悬殊,优势种相当明显,每个季节及全部都只有少数几个种的相对重要值较大;不同季节的相对重要值最大的种不同,综合来看,脊尾白虾和前鳞骨鲻是红树林潮沟游泳动物群落最重要的优势种群。生物多样性指数D,H′,J值均以夏季最高,红树林潮沟游泳动物生物多样性高于林缘。  相似文献   

我国黄海专属经济区渔业资源及开发利用现状   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

马志华 《海洋信息》1996,(4):8-8

黄海为一近半封闭性的浅海,海岸线长约3 927公里,滩涂面积824万亩,占全国滩涂总面积的28.6％,浅海面积3 028万亩,占全国浅海总面积的27.5％。黄海区渔业资源丰富,种类繁多,其中以鱼类资源为主,另外,还有头足类、虾类、蟹类、贝类等其他资源。  相似文献   

ET0计算公式的最新进展与普适性评估   总被引：5，自引：3，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

苏春宏  陈亚新  徐冰 《水科学进展》2008,19(1)

通过对ET0计算公式研究进展的总结,分析了在世界上三个时期比较有代表性的计算蒸发腾发量(ET0)的主要公式:修正Penman(MP)公式、Penman-Monteith(PM)公式及标准ASCE-PM公式;以20世纪90年代末期和21世纪初期世界上最新的19个用Lysimeter实验值率定ET0计算值的实验成果为基础,对于不同气候条件下ET0计算方法的普适性分析评估认为:虽PM公式应用效果较好的地区较多,但也有不少地区效果欠佳,MP等公式在一部分地区较好,PM与MP公式并非普适性的,要特别关注标准ASCE-PM公式,总之,这类半理论(半经验)公式均有一定的地区性.仅通过MP、PM公式的计算比较,不能简单地评定哪种公式最优或哪种公式计算ET0值大(或值小),应针对不同地理及气候条件,要经Lysimeter的实验结果才能进行率定比较.文中也对今后研究提出相应建议,有助于ET0计算公式学科的深入研究.  相似文献   

Calculating Pollution Indices by Heavy Metals in Ecological Geochemistry Assessment and a Case Study in Parks of Beijing   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

龚庆杰  邓军  向运川  王庆飞  杨立强 《中国地质大学学报(英文版)》2008,19(3)

Pollution index is a powerful tool for ecological geochemistry assessment. The commonly used pollution indices by heavy metals in soils and sediments were classified as two types of single index and integrated index in an algorithm point of view. Four single indices of contamination factor (or concentration factor), ecological risk factor, enrichment factor, and index of geo-accumulation were illustrated, and the reference values for calculating single indices were distinguished into background levels and threshold pollution values. Eight integrated indices were divided into two groups. One group is suitable for the normal distribution single indices including the sum, average, weighted average,vector modulus, and Nemerow pollution indices, and the other for log-normal distribution including the product, root of product, and weighted power product pollution indices. Using background levels as reference values, five contamination classes were divided, and the terminologies are suggested for the single and integrated indices to unify the assessment results. Software of EGAPI was developed in a single document interface to calculate the four single and eight integrated indices by heavy metals to assess the quality of soil and sediment ecological geochemistry. Pollution indices by heavy metals of Cu,Pb, and Zn in soils in parks of Beijing were calculated using EGAPI software, and these five contamination classes and terminologies suggested in this study were evaluated and used. Results ofintegrated indices of Cu, Pb, and Zn in soils indicated that the soil qualities are unpolluted as a whole and varied from low polluted to unpolluted status from the center to the outskirts of Beijing City.  相似文献   

联动式抓进度 优服务展风貌——宁波市勘规所顺利完成滩坑水库宁波移民安置项目评估工作     

《浙江地质》2008,(12):52-52

滩坑水电站是浙江省的重点建设项目,也是继金温铁路之后我省最大的扶贫工程和一项规模巨大的基础设施建设项目,集发电、生态、灌溉、防洪、供水、旅游为一体,对促进我省经济全面、协调发展具有重要的战略意义。积极做好滩坑水电站库区移民安置工作关系到整个工程建设能否顺利进行,  相似文献   

生态系统服务的价值评估方法研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

秦艳芳  周可法  孙莉 《新疆地质》2008,26(1):100-106

在综合分析国内外生态系统服务功能分类和估价研究基础上,对价值评估方法进行了汇总.目前对生态系统服务进行估价的方法可概括为4大类:实际市场评估技术、替代市场评估技术、模拟市场评估技术以及新近提出的空间-能值分析技术.由于生态系统服务本身的复杂性和交叉性,不同研究人员采用不同的研究方法得出的评价结果间对比性很低,缺少一个统一、规范、完善的评价体系来相互验证.  相似文献   

Environmental Investigation and Evaluation of Land Subsidence in the Datong Coalfield Based on InSAR Technology   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

JIA Xiuming  MA Chao  ZHAO Anyuan 《《地质学报》英文版》2008,82(5):1035-1044

Heavy mining of Jurassic and Carboniferous horizontal coal seams in the Datong coalfield has seriously affected the local geological environment, which is mainly manifested by such geohazards as soil avalanches, landslides, mudflows, surface subsidence, surface cracks, surface solid waste accumulation and surface deformation. More seriously, coal mining causes groundwater to leak. Overpumping of groundwater has resulted in substantial land subsidence of the urban area in Datong City. Based on the previous geo-environmental investigation in the work area, the authors used radar remote sensing techniques such as InSAR （synthetic aperture radar interferometry） and D-InSAR （differential synthetic aperture radar interferometry）, supplemented by the optical remote sensing method, for geo-environmental investigation to ascertain the geo-environmental background of the Datong Jurassic and Carboniferous-Permian coalfield and evaluate the effects of the geohazards, thus providing a basis for the geo-environmental protection, geohazard control and prevention, land improvement and optimization of the human environment. In this study 8 cog-nominal ERS-1/2 SAR data frames during 1992 to 2003 were used, but the following processing was made： （1） the multitemporal SAR magnitude images were used to interpret the geological structure, vegetation, microgeomorphology and drainage system; （2） the multi-temporal InSAR coherent images were used to make a classification of surface features and evaluate the coherence change due to coal mining; and （3） the multi-temporal cog-nominal SAR images were used to complete D-InSAR processing to remove the information of differential deformation areas （sites）. In the end, a ten-year time series of differential interferograms were obtained using the multi-temporal cog-nominal SAR images. In the tests, 84 deformed areas （sites） were obtained, belonging to those in 1993-1996, 1996-1997, 1997-1998, 1998-2001, 1998-2002 and 2001-2003 respectively. Of the 84 areas, 44 are m  相似文献