SUMER - Solar Ultraviolet Measurements of Emitted Radiation     

K. Wilhelm  W. Curdt  E. Marsch  U. Schühle  P. Lemaire  A. Gabriel  J. -C. Vial  M. Grewing  M. C. E. Huber  S. D. Jordan  A. I. Poland  R. J. Thomas  M. Kühne  J. G. Timothy  D. M. Hassler  O. H. W. Siegmund 《Solar physics》1995,162(1-2):189-231

The instrument SUMER - Solar Ultraviolet Measurements of Emitted Radiation is designed to investigate structures and associated dynamical processes occurring in the solar atmosphere, from the chromosphere through the transition region to the inner corona, over a temperature range from 10⁴ to 2 × 10⁶ K and above. These observations will permit detailed spectroscopic diagnostics of plasma densities and temperatures in many solar features, and will support penetrating studies of underlying physical processes, including plasma flows, turbulence and wave motions, diffusion transport processes, events associated with solar magnetic activity, atmospheric heating, and solar wind acceleration in the inner corona. Specifically, SUMER will measure profiles and intensities of EUV lines; determine Doppler shifts and line broadenings with high accuracy; provide stigmatic images of the Sun in the EUV with high spatial, spectral, and temporal resolution; and obtain monochromatic maps of the full Sun and the inner corona or selected areas thereof. SUMER will be flown on the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO), scheduled for launch in November, 1995. This paper has been written to familiarize solar physicists with SUMER and to demonstrate some command procedures for achieving certain scientific observations.  相似文献   

Charge state behaviour of projectiles under an acceleration mechanism in a hot plasma     

L. del Peral  M. D. Rodríguez-Frías  R. Gmez-Herrero  J. Rodríguez-Pacheco  J. Gutirrez 《Astroparticle Physics》2002,17(4):215-420

We have studied the ionization states of most ions in solar flares when a stochastic acceleration mechanism is present. Calculations using a computer code (ESCAPE) designed to find the charge states of heavy and light ions under stochastic acceleration have shown an energy dependence on the ionization states, stronger for heavy ions. Moreover the charge states depend on source parameters as density or temperature, but if an acceleration mechanism is taken into account in impulsive solar energetic particles events, the same source temperature may not be inferred for all the ions.  相似文献   

Solar Flares with an Exponential Growth of the Emission Measure in the Impulsive Phase Derived from X-ray Observations     

Han Fei-ran  Liu Si-ming 《Chinese Astronomy and Astrophysics》2013

The light curves of solar ?ares in the impulsive phase are complex in general, indicating that multiple physical processes are involved in. With the GOES (Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite) observations, we ?nd that there are a subset of ?ares, whose impulsive phases are dominated by a period of exponential growth of the emission measure. The ?ares occurred from January 1999 to December 2002 are analyzed, and the results from the observations made with both GOES 8 and GEOS 10 satellites are compared to estimate the instrumental uncertainties. Their mean temperatures during this exponential growth phase have a normal distribution. Most ?ares within the 1σ range of this temperature distribution belong to the GOES class B or C, with the peak ?uxes at the GOES low-energy channel following a log-normal distribution. The growth rate and duration of the exponential growth phase also follow a log- normal distribution, in which the duration is distributed in the range from half a minute to about half an hour. As expected, the growth time is correlated with the decay time of the soft X-ray ?ux. We also ?nd that the growth rate of the emission measure is strongly anti-correlated with the duration of the exponential growth phase, and the mean temperature increases slightly with the increase of the growth rate. The implications of these results on the study of energy release in solar ?ares are discussed in the end.  相似文献   

Correlation between seismic acceleration parameters and overall structural damage indices of buildings     

A. Elenas   《Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering》2000,20(1-4)

This article describes the interdependency between several seismic acceleration parameters and the behavior of the reinforced concrete frame structures in the form of correlation coefficients. The structural behavior is expressed in form of overall structural damage indices. After the numerical evaluation of several seismic parameters, a nonlinear dynamic analysis is carried out to provide the total damage status of a structure. The aim is to select those, which have drastic influence on structural damage. Furthermore, the design philosophy of aseismic codes can be verified. The attention is focussed on the earthquake acceleration time histories of the worldwide well-known sites with a strong seismic activity.  相似文献   

GPS in dynamic monitoring of long-period structures   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

M.   《Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering》2000,20(5-8):477-483

Global Positioning System (GPS) technology with high sampling rates (10 samples per second) allows scientifically justified and economically feasible dynamic measurements of relative displacements of long-period structures—otherwise difficult to measure directly by other means, such as the most commonly used accelerometers that require post-processing including double integration. We describe an experiment whereby the displacement responses of a simulated tall building are measured clearly and accurately in real-time. Such measurements can be used to assess average drift ratios and changes in dynamic characteristics, and therefore can be used by engineers and building owners or managers to assess the building performance during extreme motions caused by earthquakes and strong winds. By establishing threshold displacements or drift ratios and identifying changing dynamic characteristics, procedures can be developed to use such information to secure public safety and/or take steps to improve the performance of the building.  相似文献   

2014年安徽霍山MS4.3地震前地下流体典型异常特征分析     

王俊  黄显良  刘朝君  李军辉  何康  郑海刚  王雪莹  杨源源 《中国地震》2020,36(1):67-79

通过对2014年4月20日安徽霍山M_S4.3地震前地下流体异常进行回溯性分析,总结了流体异常特征。结果显示,在时间上,流体异常具有配套性、阶段性特征,震前11个月异常月频次逐渐增加;震前3个月异常月频次加速上升,进入临震阶段,震前1.5个月,部分异常结束,异常月频次转折下降;在空间上,流体异常主要集中在震中200km范围内,且外围流体异常主要表现为趋势上升或低值,震中附近流体异常表现为突升。震前流体异常还与测项有关,水温、水化测项映震效果较好,水氡、氢气突升异常短临意义明显。  相似文献   

不规则公路桥梁地震动参数快速评估技术研究     

王德俊 《华南地震》2019,39(3):89-94

快速评估不规则公路桥梁的地震动参数为桥梁地震响应分析、桥梁安全性设计提供科学依据。研究一种快速、有效的不规则公路桥梁地震动参数评估技术,以C形不规则公路桥梁为原型设计振动台与公路桥梁模型,选取Imperial Valley波作为地震动输入,采用加速度传感器、位移传感器采集桥梁加速度与位移数据;结合已知地震动数据计算地震动持续时长参数,优化衰减模型获取精确的地表峰值加速度参数。分析地表峰值加速度与其他地震动参数关系可知,地表峰值加速度与损坏概率成正比,桥梁结构发生损坏的概率在50%以下;震级越大、震中距越小、地表峰值加速度越大。  相似文献   

汶川8.0级地震峰值地震动特性研究          下载免费PDF全文

乔震元  刘本玉  张远富 《地震工程学报》2011,33(1):91-95

对汶川Ms8.0地震的加速度峰值进行统计和处理,得到加速度(PGA)与断层距的统计关系、等值线图以及地震三方向的三维加速度图.发现加速度峰值沿断层方向衰减较慢,沿其它方向衰减较快,断层距在100 km内衰减最快.大峰值的加速度基本位于断裂的两侧的狭长地带及沿断裂方向.用中国西部加速度衰减公式计算的加速度值与实际记录值进行比较,发现前者偏小并且衰减得快,可能与本次地震的断裂破裂机制和地质构造有关.  相似文献