Sediment dispersal and deposition due to sand mining in the coastal waters of Korea     

Chang S. Kim  Hak-Soo Lim 《Continental Shelf Research》2009

Understanding the impact of marine sand mining operations in a complex coastal environment requires a combined observational and modeling approach. Here, we use field measurements collected during mining operations in Kyunggi Bay, Korea to develop sediment parameters and source conditions for a three-dimensional (3D) sediment transport model built on the Regional Ocean Modeling System (ROMS). The model is run with realistic forcing obtained from a 9 km meteorological model, tides, and river discharges. The resulting vertical and horizontal distributions of sediment show encouraging agreement with the field data, demonstrating markedly different dispersal patterns due largely to the differential settling of the various sand classes. The resulting depositional patterns suggest that only the coarser size classes (500 and 250 μm) particles remain close to the mined site, while finer size classes are widely dispersed. These results suggest that this new methodology of multi-size class, 3D sediment transport modeling is quite promising, and further work is ongoing to include more realistic representation of sediment resuspension processes.  相似文献   

基于支持向量机的砂土液化预测分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

师旭超  郭志涛  韩阳 《地震工程学报》2009,31(4):363-366

将支持向量机方法应用于砂土地震液化预测问题.考虑影响砂土液化的因素,选用震级、标贯击数、相对密实度、土层埋深、地震历时、地面运动峰值加速度和震中距7个影响因子作为液化判别指标,建立了砂土液化预测的支持向量机模型.以砂土液化实测数据作为学习样本进行训练,建立相应函数对待判样本进行分类.研究结果表明:支持向量机模型分类性能良好,是砂土地震液化预测的一种有效方法,可以在实际工程中进行推广.  相似文献   

Long-term evolution of sand waves in the Marsdiep inlet. I: High-resolution observations     

Maarten C. Buijsman  Herman Ridderinkhof 《Continental Shelf Research》2008

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Size sorting of fine-grained sediments during erosion: Results from the western Gulf of Lions     

B.A. Law  P.S. Hill  T.G. Milligan  K.J. Curran  P.L. Wiberg  R.A. Wheatcroft 《Continental Shelf Research》2008

Sediment cores from the western Gulf of Lions France were subject to known bottom shear stresses with the goal of understanding size-specific sediment erodibility. On cruises in October 2004, February and April 2005, cores with an undisturbed sediment–water interface were collected along a transect extending seaward from the Tet river mouth. The cores were exposed to increasing shear stresses (0.01–0.4 Pa) onboard the vessel shortly after collection by using a Gust erosion chamber. Samples of the suspensate were collected during the erosion experiments and analyzed for disaggregated inorganic grain size (DIGS) using a Coulter Multisizer IIe. Size-specific mobility plots were generated by dividing the proportion of each grain size in suspension at each shear stress by its proportion in the sediment before erosion. If all grain sizes that make up the bottom sediment are eroded equally from the bed, then mobility equals one for all grain sizes. Values >1 indicate that the suspended sediment is enriched in the size class and values <1 indicate that the size class is enriched in the bed. Results show that in non-cohesive, sandy silts, fine grains (clays and fine silts) are eroded preferentially from the bed at low shear stresses. With increasing bottom stress progressively larger grains are eroded from the bed. In cohesive silts, preferential erosion of the finer sizes no longer occurs, with all sizes up to medium silts eroding at approximately the same rate. Effectively, a sandy silt can be winnowed of its fine grain fraction during erosion while cohesive silts cannot. This difference in the sortability of cohesive and non-cohesive sediment during erosion may control the position and maintenance of the sand–mud transition and the sequestration of surface-adsorbed contaminants.  相似文献   

科尔沁沙地人工种草的战略地位与现状分析——以内蒙古通辽市为例   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

高玉葆  聂庆华  何兴东  常学礼  何欢乐 《中国沙漠》2003,23(3):242-245

文中借助于ETM图像判读数据、统计资料与实际调查资料分析后认为,通辽市人工种草现状不容乐观,但尚有潜力可挖。人工种草在通辽市具有战略意义,它不但能够增加农民的收入,而且更重要的是能够促进生态环境的改善。近几年通辽市降水量偏少,加上目前该区水田和水浇地发展过快以及大面积乔木林的营造,使得潜水位由10a前的3~4 m下降到现在的6~8 m,潜水位的下降已危及现有乔木林分的存在,并间接危及天然植被的盖度和生物量,进而会引起新的恶性循环,因此,调整种植结构、大力提倡人工种草具有现实意义。通过对人工种草的现状与问题分析后认为,通辽市人工种草发展舍饲畜牧业的潜力在农区而非草原区,其中发展玉米青储尤为可行。  相似文献   

基于概率核地震属性融合的砂体预测方法研究     

杨宏伟  吴海燕  魏国华  钱志 《地球物理学进展》2020,(1):216-221

随着油气田开发程度越来越高,勘探难度越来越大,如东部的老油田已经进入开发的后期,如何识别薄层砂体是非常重要的工作之一,解决这些难题这势必需要更先进的技术.地震属性能够很好的反映砂体横向展布特征,但是单一属性无法定量预测砂体厚度,而多属性之间又存在多解性,因此有必要提炼地震属性之间的共同点,将地震属性进行信息融合,形成新的融合属性.针对这一问题,本文提出首先利用高频谐波提高地震数据的分辨率,在此基础上着重研究基于概率核的地震属性融合方法,融合了几种常见的地震属性,并结合波阻抗反演方法,预测了N873区块沙三6-3小层砂体厚度.结果显示该方法能够很好的反映砂体横向展布特征,避免了地震属性多解性问题,为提高砂体预测的精度,提供了新的思路和方法.  相似文献   

晚寒武世早期河北北部柳江盆地发生的强地震     

孙凤霞  杜建国  李静  王昌盛  仵柯田 《地震》2019,39(2):77-87

在河北省北部柳江盆地发现了距今5亿年前的地震记录。 震积岩发育在上寒武统崮山组中部。 沉积物变形构造主要有地裂缝、 地震楔、 砂脉、 砂层液化、 包卷层理等。 这些特征沉积构造是地震波作用于潮上—潮间带沉积环境中软沉积物而形成的。 在古沙垄顶部的内碎屑微晶灰岩中有沉积物液化产生扰动层理和流体逃逸形成的砂脉。 显微镜下可见沉积物液化流动显微构造和结构, 如微褶皱、 纹层断错、 液化颗粒等。 水面下在生物礁或沙垄斜坡局部可见重力流形成的包卷层理。 包卷层理核部为浅黄色和紫红色竹叶状灰岩, 中部为浅灰色破碎流化微晶灰岩碎屑, 外部为浅色和紫色内碎屑微晶灰岩。 崮山组的岩性组合和这些软沉积物变形构造表明, 崮山期柳江盆地构造活动剧烈, 沉积环境水深反复变化、 逐步变浅, 伴有地震发生, 估计产生震积岩的古地震的强度为7级左右。 该古地震事件的确定有益于研究地震活动和构造活动规律。  相似文献   

Verhalten ausgewählter Arzneimittel bei der künstlichen Grundwasseranreicherung – Eliminierung und Effekte auf die mikrobielle Besiedlung     

Gudrun Preuß  Uwe Willme  Ninette Zullei‐Seibert 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2001,29(5):269-277

Behaviour of Some Pharmaceuticals during Artificial Groundwater Recharge – Elimination and Effects on Microbiology The behaviour of bezafibrate, carbamazepine, clofibric acid, diclofenac, ibuprofen, and gemfibrozil during artificial groundwater recharge was investigated with different test systems simulating field conditions. The given concentrations of the pharmaceuticals were 100 μg/L in the influent of the systems. Concentrations in the influent as well as in the effluent were measured by GC‐MS. These column experiments indicated a significant elimination of bezafibrate, diclofenac, and ibuprofen (60 to 80%) during slow sand filtration. The results showed a moderate elimination of clofibric acid and gemfibrozil (40 to 60%) but a rather low elimination of carbamazepine (<40%). The adaptation times until the elimination processes started were about 5 days. Only the elimination of carbamazepine needed a lag phase up to 17 days. Additional column experiments with groundwater model systems indicated a high persistence of pharmaceuticals under aerobic and anaerobic groundwater conditions. The elimination was less than 20%. Only diclofenac was eliminated with rates between 60% and 80% in aerobic systems and between 40% and 60% in anaerobic systems. Analysis of eubacterial 16S‐rDNA by PCR and DGGE demonstrated changes in the microbial community structure in slow sand filters after application of pharmaceuticals. Adaptation processes may cause these changes, e.g. the appearance or disappearance of single species. Also differences between the populations of water and of the solid phase in slow sand filters could be demonstrated by DGGE pattern.  相似文献   

砂井排水堆载预压软基处理的工程实践          下载免费PDF全文

刘世梅  陈秀清 《甘肃地质》2006,15(1):85-88

对厚度10.5~13.8m、埋深2~17m、高含水量、高压缩性、低强度及欠固结的不能满足公路工程建设工后沉降量要求的软基路段进行了砂井排水堆载预压法地基处理;采用分层综合法等理论方法,通过对地基处理前后地基沉降量的计算和预压处理工程中地层固结度的计算,并与预压过程中分层沉降量观测成果进行对比分析,预压处理后的地基工后沉降量可满足规范要求,达到了预期目的。  相似文献   

Hydraulic design to optimize the treatment capacity of Multi-Stage Filtration units     

《Physics and Chemistry of the Earth》2016

Multi-Stage Filtration (MSF) can provide a robust treatment alternative for surface water sources of variable water quality in rural communities at low operation and maintenance costs. MSF is a combination of Slow Sand Filters (SSFs) and Pre-treatment systems. The general objective of this research was to optimize the treatment capacity of MSF. A pilot plant study was undertaken to meet this objective. The pilot plant was monitored for a continuous 98 days from commissioning till the end of the project. Three main stages of MSF namely: The Dynamic Gravel Filter (DGF), Horizontal-flow Roughing Filter (HRF) and SSF were identified, designed and built. The response of the respective MSF units in removal of selected parameters guiding drinking water quality such as microbiological (Faecal and Total coliform), Suspended Solids, Turbidity, PH, Temperature, Iron and Manganese was investigated. The benchmark was the Kenya Bureau (KEBS) and World Health Organization (WHO) Standards for drinking water quality. With respect to microbiological raw water quality improvement, MSF units achieved on average 98% Faecal and 96% Total coliform removal. Results obtained indicate that implementation of MSF in rural communities has the potential to increase access to portable water to the rural populace with a probable consequent decrease in waterborne diseases. With a reduced down time due to illness, more time would be spent in undertaking other economic activities.  相似文献