On the behavior of suction buckets in sand under tensile loads     

《Computers and Geotechnics》2014

  相似文献   

A unified plasticity model for large post-liquefaction shear deformation of sand     

《Computers and Geotechnics》2014

Based on previous experimental findings and theoretical developments, this paper presents the formulation and numerical algorithms of a novel constitutive model for sand with special considerations for cyclic behaviour and accumulation of large post-liquefaction shear deformation. Appropriate formulation for three volumetric strain components enables the model to accurately predict loading and load reversal behaviour of sand, fully capturing the features of cyclic mobility. Compliance with the volumetric compatibility condition, along with reversible and irreversible dilatancy, allows for physically based simulation of the generation and accumulation of shear strain at zero effective stress after initial liquefaction. A state parameter was incorporated for compatibility with critical state soil mechanics, enabling the unified simulation of sand at various densities and confining pressures with a same set of parameters. The determination methods for the 14 model parameters are outlined in the paper. The model was implemented into the open source finite-element framework OpenSees using a cutting-plane stress integration scheme with substepping. The potentials of the model and its numerical implementation were explored via simulations of classical drained and undrained triaxial experiments, undrained cyclic torsional experiments, and a dynamic centrifuge experiment on a single pile in liquefiable soil. The results showed the model’s great capabilities in simulating small to large deformation in the pre- to post-liquefaction regime of sand.  相似文献   

Shaft and base resistance of non-displacement piles in sand     

《Computers and Geotechnics》2017

This paper presents the results of three-dimensional, finite element analyses performed with an advanced, two-surface-plasticity, constitutive sand model to investigate the response of non-displacement piles to axial loading. The analysis domain is carefully meshed such that the formation and evolution of shear bands next to the pile shaft and near the pile base can be properly captured. Analyses considering various soil profiles and pile geometries show that the mobilized lateral earth pressure coefficient K along the pile shaft increases with increasing relative density and decreasing initial confining stress. The ultimate unit base resistance is independent of pile diameter, increasing with increasing relative density and increasing initial confining stress at the pile base. Based on the analysis results, design equations are proposed to estimate the limit shaft resistance and ultimate base resistance of non-displacement piles in sandy soil. In proposing these relationships, the pile slenderness ratio is considered. The effect of layer proximity to the base of the pile or pile base embedment in a layer is also considered.  相似文献   

Sedimentary evolution of overlapped sand bodies in terrestrial faulted lacustrine basin: Insights from 3D stratigraphic forward modeling     

《Marine and Petroleum Geology》2017

Terrestrial faulted lacustrine basins usually have large variabilities in structural subsidence and multiple river sources. The facies in such basins are thus characterised by frequently changed facies and complex relationship of overlapped sand bodies (e.g. Liaoxi Depression of Liaodong Bay, Bohai Sea, China). Therefore, it's a great challenge to quantitatively describe evolution of sand bodies and their overlap relationship. In this study a three-dimensional stratigraphic forward model is used to solve this problem, which is corrected according to well log data. After the parameter optimization was verified against borehole strata thickness and lithology, this model had a thickness error within 8%, and the lithology distribution agreed with the well data as a whole.Four evolution phases of the Shahejie 3 Formation were recognised through the modeling. In the first phase, the lake level rose, and the eastern fan delta sand developed. In the second phase, the fan delta sand scaled up, and the braided river delta front sand developed at a small scale. In the third phase, the lake level shifted from falling to rising, the fan delta sand further expanded the scale, and the braided river delta developed at a large scale. Sands on both sides overlapped at a large scale. In the fourth phase, the lake level rose, the lake basin expanded, and lake shale was the main lithology in the study area. From the sedimentary evolution of Es3 formation, sand overlapped in the third stage. In 39.75 Ma, two parts of the sand body began to overlap and reached largest scale in 39.6 Ma, which was approximately 10 km². Both then retrograded to a separation in 39 Ma when the overlap ended.Coupling stratigraphic forward simulation with uncertainty quantification allowed us to estimate the influence of each stratigraphic parameter on sand overlap. Fluvial discharge appears to be the most influential parameter while the initial bathymetry and lake level variations exert a minor to moderate impact.  相似文献   

积沙影响下伏冻土的水热耦合模型研究     

蔡迪文  张克存  安志山  郭紫晨 《干旱区地理》2017,40(3):523-532

青藏高原地区冻土正呈退化趋势,除气候变化、人为活动的影响外,沙漠化也被认为是冻土退化的原因之一,但仍存在较大争议。基于不饱和土渗流和热传导理论,结合CoLM和Coup-Model模型,初步构建了积沙-冻土-水热概念模型和耦合模型。并在两模型的基础上,讨论了沙层反射率、积沙体热容量、积沙体厚度和沙的传热率等参数对下伏冻土的热影响过程。结果表明,沙层的反射率、地面发射率均高于天然地表,沙层接受的热量较天然地表偏少;积沙地表下的沙层和活动层能截留更多热量,使冻结层获得的热量相对减少;沙的导热性较差,导致积沙地表下地温变化出现延迟,从而延缓冻土退化;同时,积沙无论厚薄,都将起到延缓冻土退化的作用。因而,沙漠化对青藏高原冻土退化的影响可能较小,但全面揭示沙漠化对冻土的影响仍需深入研究。  相似文献   

Monitoring of internal failure evolution in soils using computerization X-ray tomography   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

B. Shi  Y. Murakami  Z. Wu  J. Chen  H. Inyang 《Engineering Geology》1999,54(3-4):321-328

Computerized X-ray tomography (CT) has been used in disciplines such as soil science, geology and rock mechanics to analyze the texture of geomaterials. However, this potentially useful method has not thus far been used adequately in engineering geological analyses.To investigate its feasibility, CT is utilized in this study to monitor the evolution of internal failure in soil masses. An apparatus that can be fitted into the chamber of a medical CT was built to conduct geotechnical tests. Loading and shearing experiments were performed on bentonite, kaolinite, sand, silicon powders, and glass beads. CT images have been taken on different cross-sections inside the specimens to monitor soil deformation continuously. The results of direct shear, horizontal and vertical loading tests are presented and discussed. It has been demonstrated that CT is a powerful non-destructive and non-invasive tool for engineering geological analyses.  相似文献   

章古台固沙造林技术与效益评价   总被引：11，自引：1，他引：10  

邢兆凯  焦树仁 《中国沙漠》1999,19(2):179-183

章古台从1955年开始引种樟子松进行育苗造林试验,至60年代初期引种造林成功后,又于70年代后期在内蒙古敖汉旗扩大引种造林,获得成功。近年樟子松人工林出现了生长减缓现象,主要是由于造林选地不适和经营不善所引起的。樟子松扩大引种造林的技术关键是采取乔灌草型,等宽隔带式造林模式,降水量不低于300~350mm,土壤含水率不低于2.0%~2.5%。土壤类型为生草风沙土、栗钙土型风沙土和黑土型风沙土,pH值为6.8~8.3。造林时间比正常拖后至4月8日~20日之间,2a生苗造林深度以25~35cm为宜,苗木根长以25cm左右为佳,苗木运输前应沾泥浆进行包装。植苗时放在苗木罐中以防根系风干,剔除不合格苗木,造林时铲除干土层或干草皮。对松树幼株进行埋土越冬处理。  相似文献   

乌吉铁路沿线沙害分析及综合治理途径   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

朱国胜  李克云 《中国沙漠》1999,19(1):56-59

乌达至吉兰泰运盐铁路穿越乌兰布和沙漠西南缘,全长130km,沙害极为严重。主要危害特点:由于修建铁路及通车以来人为经济活动的加剧,破坏了原有植被,导致沙化,危害铁路;风沙流是危害乌吉铁路的主要形式;由于风的多向性,使风沙作不规则的往复式摆动,造成铁路积沙;风沙危害严重地段集中在35~40km,47~52km,69~83km和99~105km等区间。通过对该线沙害程度、特点及自然因子的分析,提出"以封为主","封、飞、造"、"固、阻、输(导)"相结合的综合治理措施。  相似文献   

Shaking table tests on subgrade reaction of pipe embedded in sandy liquefied subsoil   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

I. Towhata  W. Vargas-Monge  R. P. Orense  M. Yao 《Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering》1999,18(5):1009

An interest in the behavior of liquefied sand during seismic flow failure led the authors to conduct shaking table tests in which an embedded pipe was pulled laterally and the required drag force was monitored. Test results showed that the amplitude of shaking acceleration affected the behavior of sand in both dry and water-saturated conditions. In dry sand, the induced inertia force decreased the shear strength and consequently the magnitude of the drag force. When the sand was saturated, a special consideration was made of the similitude of dilatancy between 1-G model tests and the in-situ situation. This goal was attained by employing very loose sand in model tests. The rate-dependency in which the drag force increased with the rate of pipe movement was focused on, leading to an apparently viscous behavior of sand. This is consistent with what several former studies reported.  相似文献   

Dynamic characterization of the migration of a mining pit in an alluvial channel     

Bandita Barman  Bimlesh Kumar  Arup Kumar Sarma 《国际泥沙研究》2019,34(2):155-165

Research on in-channel sand mining is imperative as it may have a significant impact on channel morphology. Following this quest to quantitatively comprehend the phenomenon, experimental studies were done to investigate the dynamic characteristics of the migration of a mining pit. The evaluation of the migration rate of a mining pit in a physical scale model has found a rise in the migration rate of the pit's upstream edge with increasing discharge. A wavelet analysis applied for analyzing scale-dependent migration of the bed profile of a mining pit also revealed similar findings. Additionally, the wavelet analysis examined the length-scale dependent migration of a mining pit and a decrease in the migration rate has been observed with an increase in the length scale. The plan form of a pit (length-to-width ratio) governs the erosion and deposition processes around the pit. Both physical and statistical approaches show an increase in the migration rate with an increase in the length-to-width ratio of the pit. An empirical formulation has been developed for calculating the migration rate of the upstream edge of a mining pit based on pit geometry (length-to-width ratio), average flow velocity, and critical shear stress of the bed material. The results also show a higher bed load transport rate in the channel subjected to mining as compared to a plain bed channel.  相似文献