Integrity of Local Ecosystems and Storm Water Management in Residential Areas     

WANG Lin WANG Weida GONG Zhaoguo 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2006,5(4):363-367

1IntroductionPopulation growth has created escalating pressureson our resources(natural,humanandsocial)onlocal,regional,and global scales.These pressures negativelyi mpact the natural environment,our communities andthe quality of our lives.In the face of …  相似文献   

填充沟屏障远场被动隔振三维分析   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

高广运  李志毅  邱畅 《岩土力学》2005,26(8):1184-1188

把填充沟看作存在于弹性半空间的异质体,运用瑞利波散射的积分方程,对填充沟连续屏障远场被动隔振进行了三维分析,详细讨论了影响隔振效果的几个主要参数。研究表明,刚性材料比柔性材料具有更好的隔振效果,在隔振设计时应选择刚性屏障材料;填充沟的深度在一倍瑞利波波长内对隔振效果有较大影响,并且与宽度一起决定其隔振效果,但当屏障深度超过一倍瑞利波波长后,屏障深度对隔振效果的影响很小。  相似文献   

Trench infiltration for managed aquifer recharge to permeable bedrock     

Victor M. Heilweil  Dennis E. Watt 《水文研究》2011,25(1):141-151

Managed aquifer recharge to permeable bedrock is increasingly being utilized to enhance resources and maintain sustainable groundwater development practices. One such target is the Navajo Sandstone, an extensive regional aquifer located throughout the Colorado Plateau of the western United States. Spreading‐basin and bank‐filtration projects along the sandstone outcrop's western edge in southwestern Utah have recently been implemented to meet growth‐related water demands. This paper reports on a new cost‐effective surface‐infiltration technique utilizing trenches for enhancing managed aquifer recharge to permeable bedrock. A 48‐day infiltration trench experiment on outcropping Navajo Sandstone was conducted to evaluate this alternative surface‐spreading artificial recharge method. Final infiltration rates through the bottom of the trench were about 0·5 m/day. These infiltration rates were an order of magnitude higher than rates from a previous surface‐spreading experiment at the same site. The higher rates were likely caused by a combination of factors including the removal of lower permeability soil and surficial caliche deposits, access to open vertical sandstone fractures, a reduction in physical clogging associated with silt and biofilm layers, minimizing viscosity effects by maintaining isothermal conditions, minimizing chemical clogging caused by carbonate mineral precipitation associated with algal photosynthesis, and diminished gas clogging associated with trapped air and biogenic gases. This pilot study illustrates the viability of trench infiltration for enhancing surface spreading of managed aquifer recharge to permeable bedrock. Published in 2010 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

探地雷达在探测玉树走滑断裂带活动性中的初步应用   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3  

张迪  李家存  吴中海  钟若飞  田婷婷  张铎  刘晓东 《地质通报》2015,34(1):204-216

探地雷达具有快速、检测范围广、探测深度深、分辨率高及对地表环境无破坏等特点,在活动断层探测应用中具有很大的优势。在简要介绍玉树走滑断裂带活动性的基础上,选择高分辨率的探地雷达对隆宝、昔日达和盘琼沟处断裂带附近的活动断层进行探测。采用时间域有限差分法建立活动断层的数值模型对其雷达波响应特征进行模拟,分析断层在探地雷达剖面上的反射波特征。根据断层的反射波特征解译探地雷达图像,判断断层的位置、走向及空间展布。结合探槽开挖对比,探地雷达图像的解译结果与探槽开挖后的断裂带剖面展示的断层活动性质基本一致。根据隆宝、昔日达和盘琼沟处的探地雷达图像与探槽剖面上断层反射波特征的对比研究,解译了玉树地震震中位置探地雷达剖面上的断层展布。研究表明,探地雷达是一种快速探测活动断层的有效方法,尤其是在地表破裂不明显的区域,不仅可以准确地判断断层的位置、走向及空间展布,还可以将断裂带附近地下岩层的层位信息及探槽断面之外的地表下图像清晰地呈现出来,为以后运用探地雷达探测活动断层提供参考。  相似文献   

Late Quaternary Large Earthquakes on the Western Branch of the Xiaojiang Fault and Their Tectonic Implications   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

LI Xi  RAN Yongkang  CHEN Lichun  WU Fuyao  MA Xinquan  CAO Jun 《《地质学报》英文版》2015,89(5):1516-1530

The Xiaojiang fault is a major active left-lateral fault along the southeastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau.The largest historical earthquake in Yunnan Province, with a magnitude 8 and a mean coseismic left-lateral displacement of ~ 6.9 m, occurred on the western branch of the Xiaojiang fault.Studying this fault is important in understanding current deformation and kinematic characteristics of the Tibetan Plateau.Activities and stretches have been well undertaken on the Xiaojiang fault, while paleoseismic research work is always the weak link on this fault.To investigate the paleoseismic history and large earthquake activity of the Xiaojiang fault, we opened a large trench at the northern edge of Caohaizi sag pond on the western branch of the Xiaojiang fault.Six paleoseismic events have been identified, and named E1 through E6 from the oldest to the youngest.Charcoal and woods are abundant, 20 samples were dated to constrain the ages of the paleoseismic events at 40 000–36 300 BC, 35 400–24 800 BC, 9 500 BC–AD 500, AD 390–720, AD 1120–1620 and AD 1750–present.We associate the youngest event E6 with the 1833 M8 earthquake.Events E4, E5 and E6 show a continuous record of the western strand of the Xiaojiang fault in the late Holocene, with a average recurrence interval of 370–480 yr.Large earthquake recurrence in the late Holocene is far less than the recurrence of 2000–4000 yr posed in previous studies.Thus, the seismic hazard on the Xiaojiang fault should be reevaluated.Furthermore, the irregular recurrence of large earthquakes on the Xiaojiang fault and other faults in the Xianshuihe-Xiaojiang system, indicates the uneven southeastward extrusion of the Sichuan-Yunnan block along the southeastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau.  相似文献   

断层崩积楔单片再生法光释光测年:以山西忻定盆地西田探槽为例   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

赵俊香  任俊杰  于慎谔  张世民  丁锐 《现代地质》2011,25(2):356-362

为了研究断层崩积楔各部位沉积物光释光信号晒退情况及崩积楔形成年龄,利用中颗粒石英(63~90μm)单片再生法(SAR)对山西忻定盆地西田探槽断层崩积楔3个部位的4个样品进行光释光(OSL)定年。选择一代表性样品(08-OSL-22)进行等效剂量(DE)、LN/TN、循环比率、回授率与预热温度的关系分析,结果表明预热温度260℃、预热时间10 s为样品最佳预热条件。4个样品的测片循环比率基本在0.9~1.1之间,回授率均小于5%,表明所采用的中颗粒SAR法流程可以很好地校正测量过程中产生的释光感量变化,其等效剂量可信。利用等效剂量分布直方图和累积频率图,发现古地形面和坡积物的样品晒退均匀,崩积层样品则较差。对于晒退较差的样品利用累积频率法得到其等效剂量,从而得到崩积楔的近似年龄。最后获得该期崩积楔的形成年龄为(27.09±0.71)ka。  相似文献   

Detection and characterization of oxidizing acids in the Atacama Desert using the Mars Oxidation Instrument     

R.C. Quinn  A.P. Zent  P. Ehrenfreund  J.R.C. Garry 《Planetary and Space Science》2005,53(13):1376-1388

We have performed field experiments to further develop and validate the Mars Oxidation Instrument (MOI) as well as measurement strategies for the in situ characterization of oxidation mechanisms, kinetics, and carbon cycling on Mars. Using the Atacama Desert as a test site for the current dry conditions on Mars, we characterized the chemical reactivity of surface and near-surface atmosphere in the dry core of the Atacama. MOI is a chemiresistor-based sensor array that measures the reaction rates of chemical films that are sensitive to particular types of oxidants or that mimic chemical characteristics of pre-biotic and biotic materials. With these sensors, the chemical reactivity of a planetary environment is characterized by monitoring the resistance of the film as a function of time. Our instrumental approach correlates reaction rates with dust abundance, UV flux, humidity, and temperature, allowing discrimination between competing hypotheses of oxidant formation and organic decomposition. The sensor responses in the Atacama are consistent with an oxidative attack by strong acids triggered by dust accumulation, followed by transient wetting due to an increase in relative humidity during the night. We conclude that in the Atacama Desert, and perhaps on Mars, low pH resulting from acid accumulation, combined with limited water availability and high oxidation potential, can result in oxidizing acid reactions on dust and soil surfaces during low-moisture transient wetting events (i.e. thin films of water). These soil acids are expected to play a significant role in the oxidizing nature of the soils, the formation of mineral surface coatings, and the chemical modification of organics in the surface material.  相似文献   

西准噶尔谢米斯台地区双峰式火山岩的发现及其地质意义     

翁凯  马中平  张雪 《现代地质》2018,32(4):692

西准噶尔谢米斯台地区是研究准噶尔洋盆构造演化的关键地区,新发现的双峰式火山岩为开展研究提供了直接的载体,对其物质组成特征、岩石地球化学特征和锆石U Pb年代学等进行研究,判别成因机制和大地构造环境,对恢复造山带大地构造格局有着重要的意义。本次研究获得如下认识：该套双峰式火山岩为碱性玄武岩-钙碱性流纹岩组合,流纹岩LA ICP MS锆石U Pb年龄(4318±23) Ma;玄武岩来源于俯冲流体交代的地幔部分熔融,流纹岩来源于地壳物质的部分熔融;双峰式火山岩形成于早志留世弧后盆地初始演化阶段;结合前人的研究成果,认为西准噶尔谢米斯台地区在早古生代存在完整的沟-弧-盆体系。  相似文献   

渠式切割水泥土连续墙（TRD工法）及其工程应用     

孙立宝 《探矿工程》2014,41(4):71-75

渠式切割水泥土连续墙（简称TRD 工法）是近几年从国外引进的一种新型地下水泥土墙的施工方法。结合工程实例,对TRD工法的成墙原理、施工工艺、施工要点、适用范围等进行了介绍,并对TRD工法在实际应用中的优缺点进行了分析。工程实践证明,TRD工法在基坑工程挡土及隔渗止水方面具有明显的技术优势。  相似文献   

综合地球物理方法找矿应用:以智利科皮亚波地区月亮山磁铁矿型IOCG矿床为例     

李天成  方维萱  王磊  陈家乐  张平 《地质力学学报》2022,28(1):22-35

智利科皮亚波地区地处海岸山带东侧的智利铁带北段,已发现多个中—大型磁铁矿型IOCG矿床,该类矿床的形成与大洋俯冲背景下陆缘弧中性—铁镁质火山岩和火山-沉积建造中早白垩世中酸性岩浆岩的侵入中心密切相关.该成矿带大面积被第四系砂砾层覆盖,在成矿地质特征研究基础上,采用综合地球物理方法对覆盖层下隐伏矿床(体)进行定位预测成为...  相似文献