Valency Study of Vanadium in Stone Coal Ash of Jiangxi Province     

Xu Guozhen Ge Naie Li Jigui 《中国地质大学学报(英文版)》1990,(1)

Vanadium-bearing stone coal is a new vanadium resource;recovery ofV_2O_5 from the coal has been investigated.It has been found that a satisfactoryextraction of V_2O_5 depends on both the oxidation of V and its reaction with so-dium salt.V in the coal ash of Yushan mainly exists in two oxidation states:98％V(Ⅲ)and2％V(Ⅳ).The distribution of valency of V shows that organicmatter determines V valency at low temperatures,at about470℃,V(Ⅲ)iscompletely oxidized to V(Ⅳ);above500℃,the temperature is the most impor-tant factor for the oxidation of V .At higher temperatures no more V is oxidizedto V(Ⅴ);an equilibrium is established after92％of V is oxidized to V(Ⅴ).The roles of NaCl in the recovery of V_2O_5 from the coal ash were discussed.The best conditions for roasting are temperature750-800℃for1 h.underthe oxidation-chlorination atmosphere.When the ore:NaCl=100:10 by weight,η_roast reaches85.5％.According to the results,a flowsheet for V_2O_5 extrac-tion from coal ash has been proposed.  相似文献   

Chemistry of alkali extraction of brown coals—I. Kinetics, characterisation and implications to coalification     

Louis S.K. Pang  Anthony M. Vassallo  Michael A. Wilson   《Organic Geochemistry》1990,16(4-6)

Three Australian brown coals have been separated into humin and humic acid fractions and studied by high resolution solid state ¹³C NMR spectroscopy and Fourier transform IR spectroscopy. The aromatic rings of the humic acids are highly substituted showing that extensive cross linking must have occurred during formation from wood lignin and tannin. However, the humins contain more aliphatic carbon and hydrogen than the corresponding humic acids. This shows that little cross linking has occurred with other components of the brown coal such as resins, waxes cutin and algal detritus, and cross linking has not rendered the aromatics alkali insoluble. The kinetics of extraction are complex and not simple first order. This is reflected in the chemical composition of the humic acid which is extraction temperature dependent. We also observed that there is a conversion of aromatic carbon to aliphatic carbon and gas during extraction, probably by alkaline oxidation, resulting in ring opening. A range of suitable model compounds have been studied to confirm this finding. Such a mechanism may account for the modification of lignin in oxidising environments such as those occurring in the initial stages of coalification (lignite or brown coal formation) and in soils.  相似文献   

云南金顶铅锌矿床碎屑岩地层中铅锌活化迁移的实验研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

姚志健  唐宏 《地球科学》1991,16(2):181-188

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遥感特征信息提取的综合分析——以红外细分波段新疆铁木尔特航带矿化特征信息提取为例     

迟国彬  丁暄  李岩 《遥感学报》1991,(1)

本文以红外细分波段新疆铁木尔特航带为例,依据不同地质体各自的光谱特征,运用主成分分析、多种信息复合等技术与综合分析方法,使该地段的矿化特征提取收到了良好效果。 本航带的矿化特征信息在图像处理结果中表现为黄色异常色调。它反映了当地多金属成矿带中二氧化硅含量低、全铁含量较高的岩矿矿化特征。团块状黄色异常色调表示出地表出露的铁帽、磁铁矿化和矽卡岩化的分布状况。野外验证表明,黄色调的分布地域与实地的地表矿化范围相吻合。 遥感特征信息提取的综合分析方法包括信息基本特征分析、图像处理、后验分析和机理解释等四个相互联系的步骤。研究表明,只有经过综合分析,才能揭示出特征信息的内在规律性,使特征信息具有较好的实用价值。  相似文献   

固态萃取光度法测定痕量钛     

梁树权  肖宏展 《岩矿测试》1991,10(4):259-261

本文采用熔融联苯萃取8-羟基喹啉钛,继后溶固相于N,N-二甲基甲酰胺中,在390nm处测量吸光度。实验确定了各参数的最佳值,其摩尔吸光系数为7.9×10~3L·mol~(-1)·cm~(-1),一些干扰元素可以掩蔽。方法迅速、简便,用于测定铍铜合金中的痕量Ti,所得结果令人满意.  相似文献   

小体积萃取-石墨炉原子吸收法测定高纯硝酸钡中纳克级重金属元素     

董高翔  熊采华  汪康康  陈超英 《岩矿测试》1991,(4):287-290

本文研究了石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定高纯硝酸钡中超痕量重金属元素的分析技术。提出在大量钡基体存在时,采用小体积萃取体系APDC-MIBK同时萃取纳克级的Fe、Cu、Co和Ni。该法具有灵敏度高、无干扰、操作方便和减少沾污等特点。方法检出限为:Fe 7.2ng/g、Cu 12.8ng/g、Co 4.4ng/g和Ni 6.7ng/g。应用于红外光纤原料硝酸钡、硝酸铝中痕量重金属的测定,效果良好。  相似文献   

北京平原区基岩井水位的年动态特征及其成因分析   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

车用太  简春林 《地震地质》1994,16(3):255-263

系统阐述了北京平原区１０口地震地下水位动态观测井及其水位年动态特征，主要分析了降雨与开采对年动态特征的影响，讨论了大同－阳高地震前后某些井水位长期异常的信度  相似文献   

基于松弛法的影像边缘提取     

仇彤  张祖勋 《武汉大学学报(信息科学版)》1994,(4)

提出一种基于松弛法的影像边缘提取算法．本文详述了边缘标号的设置及初始概率的计算，并根据邻域内的信息分布，综合考虑了边缘的先验知识，设计出自适应的支持函数．  相似文献   

论自动化和智能化空间对地观测数据处理系统的建立     

李德仁 《遥感学报》1994,(1)

未来１０年遥感对地观测技术的发展使得遥感影像的获取将走向多种传感器、多分辨率、多谱段和多时相。各国计划发射的对地观测卫星将使我们能够同时获取大量的、不同分辨率的、多谱段的可见光、红外、微波辐射和侧视雷达的数据。从而构成用于全球变化研究、环境监测、资源调查、灾害防治的多层次遥感影像金字塔。为了能够及时地、充分地利用这些对地观测数据来回答地学研究和人类社会发展所面临时的问题，更好地发挥遥感为国民经济建设服务的巨大潜力，必须从技术上建立一个自动化和智能化的空间对地观测数据处理系统。鉴于目前应用滞后于发射，软件落后于硬件的现实情况，本文简要叙述建立自动化和智能化空间对地观测数据处理系统的必要性和可能性，分析建立该系统的主要目标和需解决的关键技术并希望国家集中各有关方面的人力和财力来共同攻关，以建立和完善我国的地球科学信息系统，提高综合研究与深入分析的现代化水平。  相似文献   

A comparison of the early diagenetic environment in intertidal sands and muds of the Manukau Harbour,New Zealand     

R. B. Williamson  T. M. Hume  J. Mol-Krijnen 《Environmental Geology》1994,24(4):254-266

The early diagenetic environment of intertidal sandy sediments (sands) and muddy sediments (muds) is described and compared from two cores taken from an unpolluted part of the Manukau Harbour, New Zealand. Extraction techniques characterized the form of the trace elements (Fe, Mn, S, C, Pb, Zn, Cu) at different depths in the sediment. Dissolved forms of Fe, Mn, and S were measured in interstitial water. Nonresidual metal concentrations, humic acid, FeS, and FeS₂ are an order of magnitude higher in the muds than in the sands because of dilution by unreactive sand particles. Muds contain a larger proportion of metals in the mobile fractions; exchangeable (Mn), carbonate (Mn, Fe, Zn), and easily-reducible oxide (Fe, Mn, Zn, Pb). This is due to greater surface area (for Mn adsorption); the favorable conditions for MnCO₃, FeCO₃, and FeS precipitation; and higher concentrations of easily reducible iron oxide and humic acid. Therefore, compared to the sands, muds are more important as reservoirs for toxic metals, both in terms of quantity and availability. At either site there was very little difference between the forms of Zn, Pb or Cu identified by sequential extraction as sediments changed from oxic to anoxic conditions. One reason for this is that the amounts and proportions of some of the important components that bind metals, viz., amorphous iron hydrous oxides, humic acids, and FeS₂, do not change much. Other components that do change with redox conditions, for example, manganese phases and FeS, are only minor components of the sediment. Redox conditions, then, have relatively little effect on trace-metal partitioning in the sediment matrix of these unpolluted sediments.  相似文献