Mechanism of cadmium resistance and adsorption of a yeast strain Rhodotorula sp. Y11     

YUAN Hongli  LI Zhijian  WANG Nengfei  HUANG Huaizeng 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2005,48(Z2)

The mechanism of cadmium resistance of a yeast strain Rhodotorula sp. Y11 isolated from mine soil was investigated. We found that the yeast cells treated with different methods showed different cadmium-adsorption models. Grown in medium supplied with 100 mg/L of cadmium, 3.29% of the cell-absorbed cadmium was accounted in the cytoplasm. However, only 1% was taken into the cytoplasm and 99% was bound to the cell wall using the lyophilized biomass to adsorb cadmium in double distilled water. Treatments with alkali, ethanol-chloroform and proteinase showed different influences on the biosorption of whole cells and isolated cell walls. FT-IR analysis showed that acetyl of chitin was the active compound in the cells to absorb cadmium. The production of Metallothioneins, proteins related to the resistance to heavy metal in yeast, was evidently induced by cadmium, achieving 638.8 μg/g wet weight, which was about 85 folds higher than that in the uninduced biomass and was also much higher than that reported previously. The molecular weight of Metallothioneins was 6500 Da estimated by SDS-PAGE.  相似文献   

芽孢杆菌HBS4还原亚硒酸钠为单质硒的实验研究     

李瑞萍鲁安怀  郝瑞霞马黠静吕明  鲁志强 《岩石矿物学杂志》2005,24(6):598-602

利用从油藏中分离的芽孢杆菌HBS4在兼性厌氧情况下作用于剧毒物质亚硒酸钠,36 h后1～11mM的样品中均出现了大量红色颗粒沉淀物.生物显微镜观察发现,在很多细菌内部出现一颗到多颗红色的圆形颗粒,排列方式有单链、双链、弧线和无规则排列,并且在细胞周围释放有游离态的红色颗粒.XPS测试红色沉淀物发现四价硒全部还原为零价硒.实验还发现添加葡萄糖对单质硒的产量有很大的促进作用.  相似文献   

Interactions of uranium with bacteria and kaolinite clay     

Toshihiko Ohnuki  Takahiro Yoshida  Takuo Ozaki  Mohamad Samadfam  Naofumi Kozai  Kunio Yubuta  Toshiaki Mitsugashira  Takeshi Kasama  Arokiasamy J. Francis 《Chemical Geology》2005,220(3-4):237-243

We assessed the accumulation of uranium (VI) by a bacterium, Bacillus subtilis, suspended in a slurry of kaolinite clay, to elucidate the role of microbes on the mobility of U(VI). Various mixtures of bacteria and the koalinite were exposed to solutions of 8 × 10^− 6 M- and 4 × 10^− 4 M-U(VI) in 0.01 M NaCl at pH 4.7. After 48 h, the mixtures were separated from the solutions by centrifugation, and treated with a 1 M CH₃COOK for 24 h to determine the associations of U within the mixture. The mixture exposed to 4 × 10^− 4 M U was analyzed by transmission electron microscope (TEM) equipped with EDS. The accumulation of U by the mixture increased with an increase in the amount of B. subtilis cells present at both U concentrations. Treatment of kaolinite with CH₃COOK, removed approximately 80% of the associated uranium. However, in the presence of B. subtilis the amount of U removed was much less. TEM–EDS analysis confirmed that most of the U removed from solution was associated with B. subtilis. XANES analysis of the oxidation state of uranium associated with B. subtilis, kaolinite, and with the mixture containing both revealed that it was present as U(VI). These results suggest that the bacteria have a higher affinity for U than the kaolinite clay mineral under the experimental conditions tested, and that they can immobilize significant amount of uranium.  相似文献   

黑龙江鸡西早白垩世侧羽叶一新种-城子河侧羽叶 (Pterophyllum chengzihense sp.nov.)   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

刘风香 《世界地质》2006,25(1):1-5

根据产于黑龙江鸡西早白垩世城子河组一种侧羽叶属(Pterophyllum)植物化石的外形特征及表皮构造研究,确认该种属于本内苏铁类(Bennettitales)植物,并有别于其他植物类群。据此,新建一新种—城子河侧羽叶(新种)Pterophyllumchengzihensesp.nov.,并讨论了该新种在研究中国东北地区早白垩世植物化石中的意义。  相似文献   

A New Genus of Psittacosauridae (Dinosauria: Ornithopoda) and the Origin and Early Evolution of Marginocephalian Dinosaurs   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

YOU Hailu Institute of Geology  Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences  Beijing XU Xing  WANG XiaolinInstitute of Vertebrate Paleontology  Paleoanthropology Chinese Academy of Sciences  Beijing 《《地质学报》英文版》2003,77(1):15-20

An almost complete juvenile dinosaur skull with lower jaw was discovered from the Early Cretaceous Yixian Formation in Beipiao, Liaoning Province, China. Here, the specimen is described and a cladistic analysis is performed in order to find its phylogenetic relationships. The result shows that this specimen represents a new genus of Psittacosauridae, Hongshanosaurus houi, gen. et sp. nov., and confirms the monophyletic status for Ceratopsia and Marginocephalia. However, Heterodontosaurus is found to be the sister taxon to Marginocephalia, rather than a basal Omithopoda.  相似文献   

The effect of cadmium on fulvic acid adsorption to Bacillus subtilis     

Paul C. Frost  Patricia A. Maurice  Jeremy B. Fein 《Chemical Geology》2003,200(3-4):217-224

The effects of Cd on the adsorption of an aquatic fulvic acid (FA) to the surface of Bacillus subtilis were investigated from pH 2.5 to 7.0, at fixed ionic strength (0.1 M NaClO₄) and at ambient temperature (22 °C). Cd (14 mg/l) had no effect on FA adsorption at pH<5 but increased FA adsorption at pH>6. The effects of Cd (0, 14 mg/l) on FA adsorption to B. subtilis were further examined as a function of initial FA concentration (0–45 mg C/l) at pH 6.5. FA adsorption isotherms also were measured at pH 6.5 as a function of dissolved Cd concentration (0–14 mg/l) at three initial FA concentrations (4, 8, 22 mg C/l). At all FA concentrations studied at pH 6.5, FA adsorption increased with increasing initial total Cd concentration.

Under all studied conditions, preferential adsorption of high- to intermediate-molecular-weight FA components to B. subtilis resulted in a fractionation of the FA pool, with lower-molecular-weight components remaining in solution. At pH>6, Cd further enhanced the adsorption of high- to intermediate-molecular-weight FA components but did not significantly enhance the adsorption of lower-molecular-weight components. Hence, the overall process of adsorptive fractionation was not altered significantly by the presence of Cd.

Overall, the results of this study (1) demonstrate that FA adsorption to bacterial surfaces can be altered by the presence of a metal cation, and (2) provide further evidence that microbe–metal–ligand interactions may significantly affect the mobility and fate of natural organic matter in the subsurface.  相似文献   

Characteristics of Bacillus cereus Spore Counts in Soils with Underlying Gold Mineralization in Northwestern Sichuan, China. Results from a Pilot Study   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

WangHongmei YangFengqing QiaoShengying 《中国地质大学学报(英文版)》2003,14(1):8-15

A pilot survey on a microbial mineral exploration method based on soil Bacillus cereus spore counts was carried out across three different gold mining regions, which vary in soil type, climate condition and geological setting in northwestern Sichuan, China. B-horizon soils from these sites were analyzed for B. cereus spores, Au, Ag, Cu, Pb and Zn. The results show that the nmnbers of B. cereus spores generally increased in soils overlying gold mineralization. Specifically, elevated spore counts were found in samples slightly offset from the outcrops of orebodies, whereas soils directly above the outcrops of orebodies usually contained low spore counts. However, the background counts of B. cereus spores varied from place to place and were complicated by environmental and pedological factors, but the rela-tive ratios of spore counts still were indicative of the underlying gold mineralization.  相似文献   

环境因子对Synechocystis sp.钙化动力学的影响     

张道勇  潘响亮  张京梅 《矿物岩石地球化学通报》2008,27(2)

蓝藻钙化普遍发生于淡水和盐水环境,对叠层石的形成和碳循环有重要意义。本文模拟研究了pH值、光照强度、水动力、温度等环境因子对Synechocystis sp．藻类钙化动力学的影响。实验表明,pH值为7．5的弱碱环境和一定强度的水动力条件有利于Synechocystis sp．的钙化,过低或过高的水动力都不利于钙化;在5、15和25℃三个梯度范围内,温度为25℃时有利于钙化,且钙化速率与生物量密切相关;3000 lux的光照强度下,Synechocystis sp．钙化速率最大,更高的强度下钙化速率反而急剧下降,低浓度钙离子发生的钙化作用以生物钙化为主,高浓度下以生物引发的物理化学钙化为主。  相似文献   

Metabolic and physiological regulation of Chlorella sp.(Trebouxiophyceae,Chlorophyta) under nitrogen deprivation     

YONG Wai-Kuan  LIM Phaik-Eem  VELLO Vejeysri  SIM Kae-Shin  ABDUL MAJID Nazia  MUSTAFA Emienour Muzalina  NIK SULAIMAN Nik Meriam  LIEW Kan-Ern  CHEN Brenna Jia-Tian  PHANG Siew-Moi 《海洋湖沼学报（英文）》2019,(1):186-198

A freshwater green microalgae Chlorella sp., UMACC344 was shown to produce high lipid content and has the potential to be used as feedstock for biofuel production. In this study, photosynthetic effciency, biochemical pro?les and non-targeted metabolic pro?ling were studied to compare between the nitrogen-replete and deplete conditions. Slowed growth, change in photosynthetic pigments and lowered photosynthetic effciency were observed in response to nitrogen deprivation. Biochemical pro?les of the cultures showed an increased level of carbohydrate, lipids and total fatty acids, while the total soluble protein content was lowered. A trend of fatty acid saturation was observed in the nitrogen-deplete culture with an increase in the level of saturated fatty acids especially C16:0 and C18:0, accompanied by a decrease in proportions of monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids. Fifty-nine metabolites, including amino acids, lipids, phytochemical compounds, vitamins and cofactors were signi?cantly dysregulated and annotated in this study. Pathway mapping analysis revealed a rewiring of metabolic pathways in the cells, particularly purine, carotenoid, nicotinate and nicotinamide, and amino acid metabolisms. Within the treatment period of nitrogen deprivation, the key processes involved were reshu ? ing of nitrogen from proteins and photosynthetic machinery, together with carbon repartitioning in carbohydrates and lipids.  相似文献   

中国碱蓬属植物修订   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

邢军武 《海洋与湖沼》2018,49(6):1375-1379

本文对《中国植物志》藜科(Chenopodiaceae)碱蓬属(Suaeda Forsk. ex Scop.)长期存在的分类错误进行了纠正。将其中的高碱蓬S. altissima (L.) Pall.合并入碱蓬S. glauca (Bunge) Bunge,纵翅碱蓬S. pterantha (Kar. et Kir.) Bunge合并入刺毛碱蓬S. acuminata (C.A. Mey.) Moq.,同时增加了垦利碱蓬(新种)S. kenliensis J. W. Xing sp. nov。由此将中国碱蓬属(Suaeda)植物从原来的20种,变更为19种。并重新修订了中国碱蓬属(Suaeda)植物的分种检索表,使中国碱蓬属(Suaeda)植物的系统分类更趋于完善,为《中国植物志》的修订和碱蓬属(Suaeda)植物分类及其深入研究与开发利用提供了依据。  相似文献