三峡库区生态屏障区土地利用规划生态效应评估   总被引：5，自引：2，他引：3  

冯应斌  何建  杨庆媛 《地理科学》2014,(12):1504-1510

以地处三峡库区腹心地带的重庆市云阳县为例,基于土地利用多功能性,以Costanza等的生态系统服务价值测算方法及谢高地等制定的生态服务价值系数为基础,构建不同土地利用类型生态服务价值修正系数,从生态系统服务价值以及景观格局视角定量估算三峡库区生态屏障区土地利用规划生态效应。结果表明,以土地生态功能建设为导向的土地利用规划能够快速提升生态屏障区生态系统服务价值,增强屏障区调节气候、保持土壤、维护生物多样性等方面能力,云阳县三峡库区生态屏障区生态系统服务总价值从2010年的15.53亿元提升到2020年的19.98亿元,年均变化率达到2.87%;至2020年云阳县三峡库区生态屏障区初步构建一个以"林地为骨架,耕地、园地、草地为补充"的生态系统服务格局;同时,云阳县三峡库区生态屏障区生态系统服务价值及其调节服务和支持服务价值表现出显著地空间分异特征,其中磨刀溪流域生态系统服务价值提升幅度最大,澎溪河流域次之,长江沿岸生态服务系统价值保持稳定增长,而长滩河流域变化不大。  相似文献   

Effects of the Changjiang river discharge on sea surface warming in the Yellow and East China Seas in summer   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Taewook Park  Chan Joo Jang  Johann H. JungclausHelmuth Haak  Wonsun ParkIm Sang Oh 《Continental Shelf Research》2011,31(1):15-22

This study explores the effects of the Changjiang (also called the Yangtze River) river discharge (CRD) on the density stratifications and associated sea surface temperature (SST) changes using a global ocean general circulation model with regional focus on the Yellow and East China Seas (YECS). It is found that CRD increases the SST in summer through a barrier layer (BL) formation that tends to enhance stratification at the mixed layer base, and thus reduces both vertical mixing and entrainment. This process is effective, particularly in August, after the CRD reaches its maximum in July. The SST difference between the composites of flood and drought years confirms that the surface warming is related to surface freshening by the CRD. This result suggests that the BL induced by the CRD is an important contributor to the surface heat budget in the YECS.  相似文献   

Developing a long-term outlook for the Great Barrier Reef,Australia: A framework for adaptive management reporting underpinning an ecosystem-based management approach     

Kirstin Dobbs  Jon Day  Hilary Skeat  John Baldwin  Fergus Molloy  Laurence McCook  Margaret Johnson  Bruce Elliot  Andrew Skeat  Karen Vohland  David Wachenfeld  Richard Kenchington 《Marine Policy》2011

The Great Barrier Reef Outlook Report 2009 was the first produced in response to a newly legislated requirement for five-yearly reports on the status of and outlook for the Great Barrier Reef. It adopted an ecosystem approach, assessing all habitats and species, ecosystem processes and major uses. By then considering the factors affecting the ecosystem, coupled with an assessment of management effectiveness, it provided a risk-based forward-looking projection for the ecosystem. Rarely has such a comprehensive, ecosystem-based report been produced to guide government action. With no pre-determined path to follow for interpreting the legislative requirements, the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Authority (GBRMPA) developed a repeatable structure and method for Great Barrier Reef Outlook Reports that impartially and consistently considers the evidence and clearly presents the findings. The GBRMPA worked closely with relevant Australian and Queensland Government agencies as well as researchers, industry representatives and the community while developing the report. That such a report must be produced every five years allows an overview of the effectiveness of management responses to be regularly assessed. It also provides a transparent means of highlighting and tracking emerging risks facing the Great Barrier Reef.  相似文献   

基于遥感技术的三峡库区屏障带划分研究——以重庆市万州区为例     

李春锋  王旭红 《地下水》2012,(2):194-195

采用遥感技术和GIS空间分析相结合的方法,利用三期Landsat TM影像数据对重庆市万州区的地表亮温、地表湿度以及山脊线等特征对比分析,模拟其变化趋势和范围,通过多层数据叠加分析,划定出该区域的生态环境屏障带。结果表明,研究区中三峡水利工程对其生态环境影响有扩大的趋势;结合自然等综合因素,划定生态屏障带约为484.44 km2。研究结果有助于库区生态环境评价以及土地利用规划编制。  相似文献   

Cross‐shelf colour zonation in northern Great Barrier Reef lagoon surficial sediments     

L. J. Hamilton 《Australian Journal of Earth Sciences》2013,60(2):193-200

A cross‐shelf colour zonation is observed in Great Barrier Reef lagoon surficial sediments from 12 to 18°S, with colours tending to lighten from inner to outer shelf. The phenomenon is particularly well defined south of Cairns where four zones occur. The colour zonation appears to reflect the abrupt facies changes that occur in the lagoon. Visual estimates of relative optical lightness for the zones are strongly related to carbonate content, and lightness class boundaries broadly follow carbonate contours, indicating that the mechanisms leading to the colour zones are related to those governing carbonate distribution.  相似文献   

Classification,grainsize relations and sediment distributions inferred from visual sediment descriptions on RAN Hydrographic Office bathymetry charts of the northern Great Barrier Reef lagoon     

L. J. Hamilton 《Australian Journal of Earth Sciences》2013,60(4):501-514

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Geological interpretation of the Cootamundra gravity high,New South Wales     

M. D. Watts 《Australian Journal of Earth Sciences》2013,60(3):229-234

An intense Bouguer anomaly ‘high’ of about 30 milligals amplitude has been delineated to the east of Cootamundra, New South Wales. It is correlated with a north‐trending belt of basic metamorphic rocks of probable Upper Silurian age. The subsurface shape of the belt is deduced by qualitative and quantitative analytical techniques applied to the gravity data; it is inferred that the boundary on the western side is near‐vertical, while that on the eastern side is believed to have been overthrust by the Middle Devonian Young Granite. It appears also that there are no horizontal density variations below a depth of 6–7 km, implying that the base of the Young Granite lies at about this depth.  相似文献   

Late Holocene island reef development on the inner zone of the northern Great Barrier Reef: insights from Low Isles Reef     

T. D. Frank 《Australian Journal of Earth Sciences》2013,60(5):669-683

A sedimentological and stratigraphic study of Low Isles Reef off northern Queensland, Australia was carried out to improve understanding of factors that have governed Late Holocene carbonate deposition and reef development on the inner to middle shelf of the northern Great Barrier Reef. Low Isles Reef is one of 46 low wooded island-reefs unique to the northern Great Barrier Reef, which are situated in areas that lie in reach of river flood plumes and where inter-reef sediments are dominated by terrigenous mud. Radiocarbon ages from surface and subsurface sediment samples indicate that Low Isles Reef began to form at ca 3000 y BP, several thousand years after the Holocene sea-level stillstand, and reached sea-level soon after (within ～500 years). Maximum reef productivity, marked by the development of mature reef flats that contributed sediment to a central lagoon, was restricted to a narrow window of time, between 3000 and 2000 y BP. This interval corresponds to: (i) a fall in relative sea-level, from ～1 m above present at ca 5500 y BP to the current datum between 3000 and 2000 y BP; and (ii) a regional climate transition from pluvial (wetter) to the more arid conditions of today. The most recent stage of development (ca 2000–0 y BP) is characterised by extremely low rates of carbonate production and a dominance of destructive reef processes, namely storm-driven remobilisation of reef-top sediments and transport of broken coral debris from the reef front and margins to the reef top. Results of the present study enhance existing models of reef development for the Great Barrier Reef that are based on regional variations in reef-surface morphology and highlight the role of climate in controlling the timing and regional distribution of carbonate production in this classic mixed carbonate–siliciclastic environment.  相似文献   

全球大洋混合层深度的计算及其时空变化特征分析   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5       下载免费PDF全文

安玉柱  张韧  王辉赞  陈建  陈奕德 《地球物理学报》2012,55(7):2249-2258

本文利用2005-2009年的全球网格化Argo数据,分别采用温度判据和密度判据计算了全球大洋混合层深度(Mixed Layer Depth, MLD),讨论了障碍层(Barrier Layer, BL)和补偿层(Compensated Layer, CL)对混合层深度计算的影响,得到了合成的混合层深度,并研究了其时空变化特征. 研究表明:(1)在赤道西太平洋(10°S -5°N,150°E-150°W),孟加拉湾,热带西大西洋(10°N-20°N,30°W-60°W)是障碍层高发区域. 冬季的北太平洋副热带区域(30°N附近)以及东北大西洋(40°N-60°N,0°-30°W)是补偿层发生的区域. (2) 在各个半球的夏季MLD都比较浅,在各个半球的冬季MLD则普遍比较深. 北太平洋和北大西洋的MLD的分布和变化比较相似,印度洋MLD受季风影响显著,呈现半年周期变化. 太平洋和大西洋的MLD 的经向分布大致呈现出"两端深,中间浅"的拱形特点. (3)混合层深度距平场EOF第一模态时间变化为周期的年信号,北太平洋和北大西洋、南大洋(尤其是南极绕流区)都是MLD变化剧烈的海域,第二模态显示全球大洋混合层深度距平存在着一个半年的变化周期.  相似文献   

Factors controlling the survival of coastal dunes during multiple hurricane impacts in 2004 and 2005: Santa Rosa barrier island, Florida   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2  

Vanda Claudino-Sales  Ping Wang  Mark H. Horwitz   《Geomorphology》2008,95(3-4):295-315

Santa Rosa Island is an 85 km-long, wave-dominated low-lying barrier island situated along the northwestern Florida coast, facing the Gulf of Mexico. The entire island was severely impacted by Ivan, a strong category 3 hurricane that made landfall about 45 km to the west in September of 2004. Ten months later in July of 2005, Dennis, another category 3 hurricane, made landfall about 30 km east of the western tip of the island. Santa Rosa Island is characterized by well-developed but relatively low dunefields, described in this paper as incipient and established dunes, based on the presence of grassy and woody types of vegetation, respectively. The dunes were severely eroded by the two hurricanes. This paper investigates the factors controlling the regional-scale destruction and survival of the dunefields.Dune survival is controlled by: 1) hurricane characteristics, including intensity, duration, and frequency, and 2) morphological parameters including width of the barrier island, height and width of the dunefields, vegetation type, distance of the dunes to the ocean, and continuity of the dunefields. Three processes of dune destruction are described including, from most to least severe, inundation, overwash, and scarping. The interaction of all the above factors determines the different dune responses to the storm impacts. In general, the extensive and densely woody vegetated dunefields near the bay-side shoreline survived the storms, while the discontinuous dunes with grassy vegetation near the Gulf shoreline were almost completely destroyed.  相似文献