辛安煤矿1402工作面临空窄煤柱采掘响应及动态加固     

汪北方  梁冰  刘维  张晶  迟海波  刘亚辉 《煤田地质与勘探》2020,48(1):145-153

随着我国煤炭资源去产能整合煤矿的增多,复采工作面临空窄煤柱采动失稳问题日益凸显,已严重制约矿井安全高效生产。为此,针对辛安煤矿复采1402工作面辅运巷道5号钻场临空窄煤柱稳定性控制的工程难题,运用数值模拟与理论分析相结合的方法,探究5号钻场临空窄煤柱稳定性采掘扰动响应特征,提出5号钻场临空窄煤柱动态注浆加固技术方案并开展现场应用和效果检验。研究结果表明:1402工作面辅运巷道掘进对5号钻场临空窄煤柱稳定性影响较小;在1402工作面回采期间,距5号钻场18~6 m范围,临空窄煤柱集中垂直应力由非对称马鞍形分布逐渐过渡为拱形分布;距5号钻场6 m时,临空窄煤柱承载叠加垂直应力超过煤体强度,塑性区完全贯通,极易破坏失稳;现场采用MP364型注浆材料及专用注浆设备对5号钻场临空窄煤柱前后5 m区域进行加固,动态注浆始终超前工作面10 m,通过深孔窥视和气体监测手段验证临空窄煤柱良好的封堵固化效果,保障了工作面安全回采,为我国整合矿井类似条件下煤柱稳定性控制提供借鉴和参考。移动阅读   相似文献   

粤东后江湾涨落潮下的碎波带波能与滩面地形时空变化分析   总被引：6，自引：1，他引：5  

冯砚青  陈子燊  李志龙  李志强 《热带海洋学报》2005,24(5):11-18

利用涌浪和处于陡滩面、滩面下陡坎和深槽海滩地形条件下的海滩碎波带压力波和滩面地形资料,对碎波带中的入射总波能、长重力波能及两者比值随潮位涨落的变化关系,碎波带动力因子与滩面地形之间的作用关系及典型相关和多维偏交叉谱关系等作了初步分析。结果表明,碎波带中的入射总波能与潮位涨落呈现出一致的变化规律;而碎波带中的长重力波能变化与潮位涨落变化趋势相反;碎波带各动力因子、滩面潜水位和碎波带波浪、潮位及滩面地形引起的滩面陡坎处破波点位置变动等因素的耦合作用,对滩面向海发育和滩面地形变化有重要影响。  相似文献   

A small-scale field check on the Fisher–Lehmann and Bakker–Le Heux cliff degradation models     

J. N. Hutchinson 《地球表面变化过程与地形》1998,23(10):913-926

The paper considers the development of initially straight, steep rock cliffs, bounded above and below by horizontal surfaces, in which basal debris removal is zero and degradation occurs by the weathering away of fine debris from the cliff face to form a scree at its foot. Of the slope degradation models available, the two earliest and simplest, namely the Fisher–Lehmann and the Bakker–Le Heux models, are regarded as most relevant and are briefly summarized. The main purpose of the paper is to check the predictions of these models, particularly with regard to the shape of the rock surface buried beneath the scree, against field data. Such data are sparse. It is concluded that the best field case currently available, despite its small scale, is that provided by the 1·75 m deep ditch which forms part of the experimental earthwork in the chalk on Overton Down, Wiltshire. The predictions of the two models are checked against field measurements made of the stage of degradation reached on each face of the ditch by July 1968, eight years after its excavation. These stages were influenced to different degrees by the presence of a surface turf layer. For the NE face, where this influence was least, the agreement of the predictions of the Fisher–Lehmann model with the actual rock profile is excellent and that of the Bakker–Le Heux model only marginally less so. For the SW face, as expected, the agreements are somewhat less close. These results may be to some extent fortuitous because of the influence of the turves and because the scree slopes tend to be concave rather than rectilinear, as assumed. Also, the free faces decline with time in a manner intermediate between those assumed in the two models. Larger scale field checks are clearly desirable before firm general conclusions can be drawn. Rates of crest recession for the Overton Down ditch are logarithmic with time after a very rapid initial phase. Extrapolation from the early phase of this logarithmic behaviour leads to a close estimate of the time needed for the slope to develop fully. The associated ultimate crest recession is also closely predicted by equations derived from both models. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

砂卵石地层土压盾构掘进掌子面稳定性室内试验与三维离散元仿真研究     

王俊  王闯  何川  胡雄玉  江英超 《岩土力学》2018,39(8):3038-3046

采用?800 mm模型土压盾构开展室内掘进试验,以探究砂卵石中土压盾构隧道掌子面失稳诱发地层变形特征。同时,补充开展三维离散元仿真以挖掘室内试验难以获取的掌子面失稳信息,并研究隧道埋深对掌子面稳定性的影响规律。研究结果表明：砂卵石地层中盾构隧道掌子面失稳发展到地表后,沉降曲面呈上大下小逐步收缩的沙漏状,影响范围小于砂土地层。考虑盾构动态掘进过程后,卵石颗粒接触关系变化十分剧烈,掌子面稳定性被削弱,极限支护压力随之增大。掌子面极限支护压力随隧道埋深基本呈线性增加,极限支护压力与初始支护压力之比则随埋深增大而减小。掌子面失稳机制可根据隧道埋深划分为3种模式。与既有研究相比,考虑了盾构动态掘进过程与实际工程更加接近,可为确保砂卵石地层土压盾构隧道施工掌子面稳定提供参考。  相似文献   

考虑砂土抗剪强度空间变异性的盾构开挖面稳定性分析     

程红战  陈健  胡之锋  黄珏皓 《岩土力学》2018,39(8):3047-3054

采用传统研究方法对盾构开挖面稳定性的分析多基于土体是均质、各向同性材料的假设,显然与其本身的非均质性相违背。为此,开展了考虑土体抗剪强度参数的空间变异性对盾构开挖面稳定性的影响研究。在随机场理论的基础上,采用协方差矩阵分解法建立了描述砂土内摩擦角空间变异性的三维随机场模型,借助于数值分析软件平台研究了内摩擦角的变异系数、自相关距离对开挖面失稳模式、极限支护应力的影响规律,并采用概率分析法探讨了极限支护应力特征值的选取。结果表明：砂土内摩擦角的空间变异性对开挖面稳定性有重要的影响;随内摩擦角的变异系数的增大,极限支护应力的概率分布离散性越大;开挖面失稳模式与自相关距离的大小密切相关,当自相关距离与隧道直径比较接近时,开挖面可能出现局部失稳;提出了开挖面极限支护应力特征值的概念,并结合失稳概率给出了其初步确定方法。  相似文献   

Textural characteristics and morphosedimentary environment of foreshore zone along Ganpatipule,Maharashtra, India     

Sheela Sharma  Rajamanickam Gowthaman 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2017,35(6):887-894

The cross-shore profile and the textural distribution of foreshore sediments of Ganpatipule beach along Maharashtra coast covering two annual cycles are examined. Ganpatipule beach depicts erosion and accretion of the berm, reduction and widening of foreshore widths during the monsoon (June–September) and post-monsoon (October–May), respectively with net sediment accretion during the study period due to the changes in the wave characteristics. A direct correlation is observed between the median sediment grain size and beach-face slopes signifying high wave energy ensuing to a gentle to very gentle slope. The sediments are mainly medium grain size, moderately well sorted, bimodal, very fine skewed to very coarse skewed and very platykurtic to very leptokurtic in nature. The binary plots of the textural parameters (mean, skewness, kurtosis, and standard deviation) depicted a characteristic beach environment of deposition. The study shows that the sediment is concentrated in the environment of rolling and bottom suspension. The study on grain size distribution of sediments could be used to assess the wave energy condition prevailing along the coastal area.  相似文献   

考虑渗流条件下开挖面失稳离心试验研究     

陈仁朋  尹鑫晟  汤旅军  陈云敏 《岩土力学》2015,36(Z1):225-229

当土压平衡盾构穿越高水位地层（如穿越江河）时,地下水与土舱之间的高水压差会产生过大的渗透力,导致开挖面失稳。为了研究渗流条件下开挖面失稳问题,开发了一套隧道离心模型试验装置,主要包括刚性模型箱、模型盾构、开挖面伺服加载系统、水位控制系统、储水箱。针对饱和砂质粉土地层,开展了一系列不同水位高度的稳态渗流开挖面失稳模型试验。结果显示,开挖面失稳过程中随着开挖面位移的增加,有效支护压力迅速下降;在达到最小值 之后缓慢回升并趋于稳定;极限有效支护压力 与水头压力 呈线性关系。  相似文献   

Studies on twelve common bivalve larvae,with notes on bivalve spawning seasons in New Zealand     

John D. Booth 《新西兰海洋与淡水研究杂志》2013,47(3):231-265

Twelve common bivalve larvae occurring in the plankton from the Bay of Islands (35°15'S, 174°10'E), Wellington Harbour (41°16'S, 174°51'E), and off Raumati Beach (40°56'S, 174°58'E), New Zealand, during 1970–72 are described and, wherever possible, provisionally identified. The seasonal occurrences of these larvae in the plankton are also described. Information on the spawning cycles of some New Zealand adult bivalves is reviewed; although some species have a short (4 months or less) spawning season, for most it is much longer, possibly with ‘trickle’ spawning through several months of the year.  相似文献   

Placer Deposits of Southern Tamil Nadu Coast,India     

N. Angusamy 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2013,31(2):77-102

Exploration for placer deposits, especially for ilmenites, has been undertaken systematically in the southern coast of Tamil Nadu, India. On the basis of drainage network. Coastal landforms, lithology, and neotectonics, the study area has been grouped into five sectors: Mandapam, Valinokkam, Tuticorin, Manappad, and Kanyakumari. Ilmenites are abundant in Kanyakumari (Max. 53.39 wt%) and Tuticorin (Max. 20.88 wt%) sectors, negligible in Manappad (Max. 0.60 wt%) and Valinokkam (Max. 3.88 wt%) sectors and absent in the Mandapam sector. The abnormal enrichment of ilmenites in the Kanyakumari sector in the absence of any drainage network points to the possibility of a relict source. Literary and scientific evidence corroborates the existence of an Eastern Gondwana land called Lemuria, South of Kanyakumari which was later submerged in the Flandrian transgression. The association of other heavy minerals with ilmenites like overgrown and outgrown zircon supplements the idea of a longer stay of ilmenites in the depositional basin. Ilmenites from these fossil strandlines must have been reworked by the present day coastal processes and deposited in favorable bay-like NE-SW coastal configurations in Kanyakumari-Kuttankuli and Kallar-Vaippar regions under high energy wave conditions. The present study has disclosed the enrichment of ilmenites up to 1 m in depth in the above two zones which can be commercially exploited. The present study also calls for confirming part of the lost continent called Lemuria or Eastern Gondwana by systematic scientific investigations.  相似文献   

神东矿区地下水变化观测与分析研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

顾大钊  张建民  王振荣  曹志国  张凯 《煤田地质与勘探》2013,41(4):35-39

针对西部大规模高强度煤炭开采对地下水的影响,利用神东矿区约1 500 km2区域的200余个钻孔的长期观测结果,研究了超大综采工作面开采工艺对地下水系统的影响规律,地下水流场变化与基岩和含水层空间分布的关系。研究表明,超大综采工作面开采形成了地下水"汇聚带",开采对基岩和含水层厚度较薄区的地下水系统影响较大,研究区采后含水介质厚度稳定且较厚区域含水层含水厚度损失大部分在30%左右,且逐步趋于稳定。   相似文献