黄土湿陷性的微结构不平衡吸力成因论   总被引：16，自引：0，他引：16  

汤连生 《工程地质学报》2003,11(1):30-35

分析了黄土粒间吸力的基本特性及其湿陷的微观过程,探讨了黄土在应力状态作用下由于浸水增湿而产生的微结构单元体滑移动力和阻力随饱和度、上覆土压力的变化规律,提出了微结构与广义吸力综合效应的湿陷性控制机理---微结构不平衡吸力成因论及其定量模型,从理论上分析了湿陷性与增湿水量、压力及深度的关系,揭示了土湿陷效应的内在规律。文中认为,湿陷过程就是水的楔入导致小孔隙广义吸力的逐渐丧失和大孔隙湿吸力的逐渐增大引起的微结构重建动力与重建阻力间的动态对抗过程。最后,讨论了湿陷的基本条件及影响因素。  相似文献   

地质基础理念之我见     

丁乾俊 《新疆地质》2003,21(4):463-467

任-侵位的岩浆体，在结晶分异、固化成岩过程中，一般都可分为：已结晶的固相岩体、正(半)结晶的可塑相岩体及未结晶的熔融相岩浆3部分．此时，若发生了地壳运动，地壳运动的构造作用力。使正(半)结晶的可塑相岩体发生可塑相变形，形成片麻化岩体；地壳运动(包括地震)时的构造作用力为脉动性质的挤压作用力；岩体发生片麻化的地壳运动，又使已结晶的固相岩体和围岩发生断裂活动，形成了断裂带控矿、容矿构造；未结晶的熔融相岩浆再度上升侵位，便形成了小侵入岩体控矿构造．残浆的形成与排出，控矿构造的发生、发展与控矿过程，都是在这次地壳运动过程中完成的．因此，对这次地壳运动可称成矿作用．  相似文献   

斜坡地下水渗透力计算与稳定性分析   总被引：21，自引：2，他引：21  

王旭升  常宏  谭建民 《水文地质工程地质》2003,30(2):41-45

分析了基岩山区斜坡区域地下水的渗流模式,指出斜坡堆积体中地下水的一般特征,根据这个特征建立了条分法中斜坡渗透力的简易计算方法,用于改进传统的剩余推力法和Sarma法。该方法不需要额外补充参数,易于工程勘察人员掌握。提出通过极限状态考察斜坡安全储备的思路,对三峡库区某滑坡在水库蓄水前后的稳定性和安全储备进行了评价,结果表明传统方法计算的稳定性系数过高,当库水位快速下降时滑坡稳定性减弱,地下水渗透力是其中不可忽视的影响因素。  相似文献   

结构设计地震作用效应影响因素及规律分析   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1  

李英民  郑妮娜  周长安 《世界地震工程》2003,19(1):51-56

基于现行《建筑抗震设计规范》（GB50011－2001），本文分析了现行抗震设计中影响结构设计地震作用效应的主要因素，以规则平面框架对例对新旧规范影响结构设计地震作用效应的因素进行了对比，给出了其间的重要变化和基本规律。  相似文献   

地震周期的存在及形成机制讨论     

邓韫 《华南地震》2003,23(1):51-56

根据1900～2000年中国大陆、台湾及全球地层记录及前人的研究，论证了地层周期存在的可能性及形成机制。作者认为，是太阳活动、月球运动轨道及各行星运动轨道的周期性变化，通过磁力及万有引力改变地球内部物质的分布，从而引起地球自转速度的周期性变化，最终致使地展出现周期性的活跃期及平静期。  相似文献   

Predictive instantaneous optimal control of inelastic structures during earthquakes     

Kevin K. F. Wong  Rong Yang 《地震工程与结构动力学》2003,32(14):2179-2195

A new inelastic structural control algorithm is proposed by incorporating the force analogy method (FAM) with the predictive instantaneous optimal control (PIOC) algorithm. While PIOC is very effective in compensating for the time delay for elastic structures, the FAM is highly efficient in performing the inelastic analysis. Unlike conventional inelastic analysis methods of changing stiffness, the FAM analyzes structures by varying the structural displacement field, and therefore the state transition matrix needs to be computed only once. This greatly simplifies the computation and makes inelastic analysis readily applicable to the PIOC algorithm. The proposed algorithm compensates for the time delay that happens in practical control systems by predicting the inelastic structural response over a period that equals the magnitude of the time delay. A one‐story frame with both strain‐hardening and strain‐softening inelastic characteristics is analyzed using this algorithm. Results show that the proposed control algorithm is feasibile for any inelastic structures. While the control efficiency deteriorates with the increase in magnitude of the time delay, the PIOC maintains acceptable performance within a wide range of time delay magnitudes. Finally, a computer model of a six‐story moment‐resisting steel frame is analyzed to show that PIOC has good control results for real inelastic structures. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Interaction between two sliders in a system with rate- and state-dependent friction   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

何昌荣 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2003,46(Z2)

This study examines slip recurrence patterns in a two-block spring-slider model with rate- and state-dependent friction. Both weak and strong heterogeneities are considered with different settings of coupling stiffness. The results show that the recurrence pattern of slips strongly depends on the degree of coupling between the two blocks. With strong coupling between the two blocks (e.g., kc/ki max >~1), the slip pattern of the system is simple and characterized by periodical stick-slips, with the two blocks slipping together. With strong heterogeneity in friction strength, period-2 motion is found for moderate coupling stiffness (kc/ki max=0.4) between the two blocks. More complicated patterns are found with weak coupling stiffness (kc/ki max=0.2) and strong heterogeneity. With strong heterogeneity, very weak coupling leads to chaotic slip patterns. With coupling stiffness kc=5 ki max and strong heterogeneity, chaotic slip patterns are not found, in contrast with the results by Huang and Turcotte who employed the classical static/kinetic friction law.  相似文献   

Comparative study of the inelastic response of base isolated buildings   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Daniel Ordoez  Dora Foti  Luis Bozzo 《地震工程与结构动力学》2003,32(1):151-164

This article presents a numeric comparative study of the inelastic structural response of base isolated buildings. The comparative study includes the following isolation systems: laminated rubber bearings, New Zealand one, pure friction and the frictional pendulum ones. The study is based on obtaining non‐linear response spectra for various design parameters using six earthquake records. Usually the base isolation of a new building seeks to maintain the structure in the linear elastic range. The response of old weak buildings or the response of new ones subjected to extreme earthquakes may not be, necessarily, in the aforementioned ideal elastic range. Consequently, it is important to characterize the response of isolated buildings responding inelastically. A conclusion from this research is that the isolators affect significantly the structural response of weak systems. Rubber isolators seem slightly less sensitive to plastification that may occur in the structure compared to friction isolators. Ductility demands in the structure are affected significantly by friction and neoprene protected systems, in particular sliding ones where larger demands are obtained. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

横山水库除险加固工程的安全论证——土工膜与结构面摩擦试验     

王琦  臧光文 《岩土力学》2003,(Z1)

土工膜是工程防渗处理的一种主要材料[1]。斜坡面上土工膜与结构面的抗滑稳定直接影响到工程的安全运行。摩擦试验模拟了现场施工和运行情况,得到土工膜与结构面的抗滑剪力和摩擦系数,对工程的安全进行了论证。  相似文献   

长效振弦式锚索测力计应用研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王清标  吕爱钟  邓铁六 《岩土力学》2003,(Z1)

介绍了长效振弦式锚索测力计传感器的工作原理、结构特点、技术性能和配套仪器,并对主要相关技术的应用研究成果作了论述:(1)弱激发电路解决频率不一致问题;(2)微小变形原则解决长期稳定性问题;(3)新数学模型提高了传感器准确度,二次仪表提高了传感器准确度。  相似文献