光学反射望远镜主、副镜安装调整不良引起的象差     

谭徽松 《天文研究与技术》2003,(3):56-61

一架先进的设计、精心加工的光学望远镜,在工厂或组装车间检查光学质量合格后,在观测地点安装调整后必须要经过检验。因为在安装调整中,如果光学部件(如主镜和副镜)的光轴有横向偏离、倾斜,或者相互间距有偏差,都会使星象质量变坏。以我台将要进口的2.4m反射望远镜为例,讨论了在主副镜的安装调整中若产生误差,给星象质量带来的影响,从而可作为检验和验收望远镜时的参考。  相似文献   

不依赖人工定标器的全极化SAR定标研究进展     

史磊  杨杰  李平湘  杨乐  赵伶俐 《遥感学报》2021,25(11):2211-2219

极化定标是极化合成孔径雷达应用的前提。传统极化定标方法以地面布设的人工定标器为参考,通过极化畸变模型对系统误差进行求解与标定。然而,人工定标器价格昂贵、数量稀少,每次定标任务都需根据传感器过境方向、雷达视角等信息进行设备调整;此外,现代雷达系统工作波位多、入射角调节范围大,不同视角获取影像的定标参数也不相同,这对地面定标设备的布设精度、调整的时效性提出了更高要求。为了及时、快速地完成极化定标,如何以自然界中的某些特殊地物作为人工定标器的替代品来完成定标具有重大的科学价值。本文综述了近年来国内、外提出的不依赖人工定标器的SAR极化定标研究进展（即自主定标）。首先阐述了极化定标的基本流程与极化质量评价体系;然后对近年来高精度自主定标相关研究进行了梳理,根据技术特点将其分为基于自然地物约束的自主极化定标、基于似角反射器的自主极化定标两类,对不同算法适用性进行了分析;最后对未来的研究方向进行了展望。  相似文献   

Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical Telescope project   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

B. Peng  R. Nan  Y. Su  Y. Qiu  L. Zhu  W. Zhu 《Astrophysics and Space Science》2001,278(1-2):219-224

A Five hundred meter Aperture Spherical Telescope (FAST) is proposed to be built in the unique karst area of southwest China, and will act, in a sense, as a prototype for the Square Kilometer Array (SKA). It will be over twice as large as the Arecibo telescope coupled with much wider sky coverage. Some results from site surveys for such a SKA concept are briefly reported. Technically, FAST is not simply a copy of the existing Arecibo telescope but has rather a number of innovations. Firstly, the proposed main spherical reflector, by conforming to a paraboloid of revolution in real time through actuated active control, enables the realization of both wide bandwidth and full polarization capability while using standard feed design. Secondly, a feed support system which integrates optical, mechanical and electronic technologies will effectively reduce the cost of the support structure and control system. Pre-research on FAST has become a key project in the CAS. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

Disparity between measured and BSR heat flow in the Xisha Trough of the South China Sea and its implications for the methane hydrate   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Lijuan He  Jiyang Wang  Xing Xu  Jinqiang Liang  Hongbin Wang  Guangxue Zhang 《Journal of Asian Earth Sciences》2009,34(6):771-780

We calculate the heat flow from the depth of bottom-simulating seismic reflectors (BSRs) on a seismic profile in the Xisha Trough of the South China Sea, and compare them with the probe heat flow measurements. The BSR heat flow turn out to be 32–80 mW/m², significantly lower than the measurements of 83–112 mW/m². Such big disparity cannot be ascribed only to the errors from parameters (parameter errors) that traditionally believed to influence the BSR heat flow. Besides the parameter errors, we discuss emphatically the errors coming from the theoretical assumption for the BSR heat flow determination (theoretical errors), which occur when the BSR depth does not coincide with the base of the methane hydrate stability zone (MHSZ). If BSR stays bellow the base of MHSZ, lying at the top of free gas zone, the derived heat flow would be underestimated. Compared with the parameter errors, the theoretical errors would be relatively larger in some geological settings. The disparity between measured and BSR heat flow in the Xisha Trough might be mainly due to the theoretical error. Based on the theoretical model, assuming that the BSR lying at the top of the free gas zone, the methane flux along the Xisha seismic profile is estimated, and the thickness of the methane hydrate occurrence zone is predicted.  相似文献   

威特DI2002测距仪性能及其与ME－3000反射镜匹配研究     

巩守文  祝意青  任道胜 《大地测量与地球动力学》1995,(2)

本文通过对威特ＤＩ２００２测距仪性能的测试。发现影响测距精度的主要因素是ＧＲＴ１０－ＧＰＨ１Ａ的反射镜系统。威特ＤＩ２００２测距仪匹配ＭＥ－３０００反射镜后，需加两项改正，但观测精度显著提高，实测表明达到与ＭＥ－３０００测距仪相同的精度。  相似文献   

南海北部东沙海域天然气水合物的初步研究   总被引：50，自引：15，他引：50       下载免费PDF全文

宋海斌  耿建华  WANG How-King  张文生  方银霞  郝天珧  江为为 《地球物理学报》2001,44(5):687-695

利用地震、测井与地温资料综合分析了南海北部东沙海域可能存在的天然气水合物的分布特征.研究表明,在东沙海域地震剖面上出现似海底反射层、弱振幅带等天然气水合物分布标志,在声波测井曲线上呈现高速、速度倒转等天然气水合物存在特征.似海底反射层的深度与1144站位,及平均地温梯度资料得出的稳定带厚度较吻合.1144站位与1148站位似海底反射层距海底较深,分别为654m与475m.在1144站位附近,弱振幅带的顶界可能代表含天然气水合物沉积层的顶界,约在450m左右.  相似文献   

The application of GPR to barrier—lagoon sedimentation study in Boao of Hainan Island     

Yin Yong Ph.D.  Zhu Dakui  Tang Wenwu  Martini I. Peter 《地理学报(英文版)》2002,12(3):313-320

Sedimentary successions and internal structure of the coastal barrier-lagoon system of Boao, eastern Hainan Island were studied through utilizing data from test holes and trenches and ground-penetrating-radar (GPR) profiles. During late Pleistocene, fluvial and delta plains developed over an unevenly eroded bedrock during low sea level stand, followed by the formation of littoral and lagoon facies and defined coastal barrier-lagoon-estuary system during the post-glacial uppermost Pleistocene-lower Holocene eustatic rise of the sea level, and the upper Holocene high stand. GPR results show that Yudaitan, a sandy coastal bar backed by a low-laying land (shoal) just east of the active lagoon, is a continuous, parallel and slightly-wavy reflectors indicating homogeneous sandy or sandy gravel sediments, and inclined reflectors partly caused by progradation and accumulation of beach sand and gravel. Quasi-continuous, hummocky and chaotic reflectors from the shoal of Nangang village correspond to mixed accumulation of sands and clay. This research indicates the GPR is a non-intrusive, rapid, and economical method for high-resolution profiling of subsurface sediments in sandy gravelly coast.  相似文献   

Rheological implications of the strong seismic reflector in the Kakkonda geothermal field, Japan     

Jun Matsushima  Yasukuni Okubo   《Tectonophysics》2003,371(1-4):141-152

We re-processed the seismic reflection survey data of the Kakkonda geothermal field. The pre-stack migration delineates a strong and continuous reflector between 1800- and 2800-m depth, below which formations are not reflective. Earthquake data exhibit seismicity in the upper crust. The lower boundary of seismogenic layer is interpreted as the brittle–ductile transition. The thermal structure is thought to be the major factor controlling its depth. We compared the strong reflector with the thermal and rheological structure from drillholes. The depth of the reflector corresponds to the top of the highly–very highly fractured zone observed from formation microscanner imagery (FMI) logging in the Miocene formations. The density of fracture in the Kakkonda granite is very low, suggesting that granite corresponds to the nonreflective zone. The temperature–depth profile of well WD-1a shows that the temperature at the highly–very highly fractured zone is about 350 °C. This corresponds to a hydrothermal convection zone filled with two-phase geothermal fluid. The cut-off depth of seismicity that indicates the brittle–ductile transition lies at the isotherm of 300–350 °C near the reflector. We conclude that the strong seismic reflector is a strong contrast in acoustic impedance at the top of the fractured layer. The fractured layer could be a decoupling plane caused by different tectonic behaviors between the upper brittle and the lower ductile layers or a dehydration front by thermal diffusion. The similarity between the strong reflector and K-horizon, the strong reflector, found in southern Tuscany, Italy suggests that the P-wave reflector at the top of highly fractured zone at the brittle–ductile transition be common in areas with magmatic activity.  相似文献   

角反射器差分干涉方法及反距离加权最小费用流相位展开算法     

王国锋  李建成  宋鹏飞  傅文学 《测绘工程》2017,26(12)

合成孔径雷达差分干涉测量(Differential Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar,DInSAR)在低相关区由于受时间空间去相关的影响,无法得到有效应用。角反射器DInSAR方法能在长时间段内保持幅度和相位稳定性,可以最大程度地减小去相关的影响。但由于反射器在空间上一般形成不规则稀疏网络分布,在平地相位、高程相位计算及相位展开方法上都带来新的挑战。研究三角反射器的DInSAR技术,重点分析基于不规则离散点的最小费用流相位展开算法。对费用流算法权重的选择,通过分析残差的产生来源,提出以弧所穿越的边长度倒数作为弧费用的权重设置方法,解决费用流算法中具有相同费用路径的选择问题。最后将角反射器DInSAR技术应用于滑坡移动的监测,通过对140d时间段的监测,得到与实测值具有较好一致性的结果。  相似文献   

应用探地雷达方法对海南岛博鳌海岸沙坝的研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

殷勇  朱大奎  关洪军  唐文武  I Peter Martini 《海洋地质与第四纪地质》2002,22(3):119-127

了解海岸沙坝的内部结构对于动态地恢复海岸沙坝与海平面变化的相互关系具有重要的意义，探地雷达（GPR）为海岸沙坝的研究提供了一种快速、经济和高分辨率的地球物理方法；探地雷达利用高频电磁波在介电特性不均匀的沉积体中产生反射获得图像，通过解译可确定地下沉积体的性质和结构；在海南岛东部博鳌玉带滩海岸沙坝的近口门处、决口堤处和南岗村东侧玉带滩海岸沙坝顶部进行了探地雷达反射剖面的测量；研究结果表明自然堆积的沙体反射波连续，受风暴浪改造的沙体同相轴错断，反射波杂乱不连续，无法进行对比；运用探地雷达相分析方法并结合钻孔资料，认为5－6m以上的平行反射波形可能代表中细砂沉积，以下的丘状或杂乱反射波形可能代表中粗砂沉积，并显示砂砾或细小卵砾等粗颗粒含量的增加。  相似文献