雅鲁藏布大峡谷地区蛇绿混杂岩带初步研究   总被引：15，自引：0，他引：15       下载免费PDF全文

耿全如  潘桂棠  刘宇平  郑来林 《沉积与特提斯地质》2000,20(1):28-43

雅鲁藏布大峡谷地区主要有南迦巴瓦群（Ｐｔ１ｎｊ）、大拐弯群（Ｍｚ）和冈底斯群（Ｐｔ１ｇｄ）三个岩石地层单元。其中大拐弯群主检分布在楔入体的东缘,主要由变玄武岩／辉绿岩、辉石岩、镁质橄榄岩、石英岩和大理岩等组成,岩石类型和化学成分特征经绿岩套类似。但其岩石化学性质与典型的大洋中脊蛇绿岩判差别较大,形成环境为具有陆壳性质的中等－慢速扩张的小型洋盆,属陆间海／弧后盆地。自４５Ｍａ以来,该地区经历了强烈的  相似文献   

QFGZ型潜孔锤反循环跟管钻头的研制   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0  

郑治川  殷琨  王清岩  彭枧明  苏继军 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2007,37(5):1052-1054

为实现在复杂地层用同步跟管钻进工艺钻凿直径较大的桩孔和水井,设计了一种气动潜孔锤反循环跟管钻进钻头。介绍了该钻头的结构组成、工作原理和设计特点。与常规设计相比,该新型钻头流道设计可以增强排渣效果,保持孔底干净,减少重复破碎,提高钻进效率;边齿数量较多,耐磨损能力强,有利于提高使用寿命。  相似文献   

Superposed deformation straddling the continental-oceanic transition in deep-water Angola   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

C. Cramez  M. P. A. Jackson   《Marine and Petroleum Geology》2000,17(10)

The Angolan margin is the type area for raft tectonics. New seismic data reveal the contractional buffer for this thin-skinned extension. A 200-km-long composite section from the Lower Congo Basin and Kwanza Basin illustrates a complex history of superposed deformation caused by: (1) progradation of the margin; and (2) episodic Tertiary epeirogenic uplift. Late Cretaceous tectonics was driven by a gentle slope created by thermal subsidence; extensional rafting took place updip, contractional thrusting and buckling downdip; some distal folds were possibly unroofed to form massive salt walls. Oligocene deformation was triggered by gentle kinking of the Atlantic Hinge Zone as the shelf and coastal plain rose by 2 or 3 km; relative uplift stripped Paleogene cover off the shelf, provided space for Miocene progradation, and steepened the continental slope, triggering more extension and buckling. In the Neogene, a subsalt half graben was inverted or reactivated, creating keystone faults that may have controlled the Congo Canyon; a thrust duplex of seaward-displaced salt jacked up the former abyssal plain, creating a plateau of salt 3–4 km thick on the present lower slope. The Angola Escarpment may be the toe of the Angola thrust nappe, in which a largely Cretaceous roof of gently buckled strata, was transported seawards above the thickened salt by up to 20 km.  相似文献   

长江口深水航道三期工程后北槽洪枯季水沙运动特征研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

沈淇  高钦钦  顾峰峰  戚定满 《海洋学报》2014,36(7):118-124

利用长江口深水航道三期整治工程前后,北槽洪枯季各测点水沙资料初步探讨了北槽洪枯季水沙运动特征。研究结果表明,北槽洪枯季潮周期平均含沙量分布自上而下总体呈"低-高-低"的分布态势,中段含沙量较高。洪季北槽各测点潮周期平均含沙量与潮周期平均流速相关性较差,北槽泥沙输运以平流输移为主。枯季两者相关较好,北槽泥沙运动则以起悬输运为主。北槽悬沙输运主要以欧拉输运为主,洪季北槽悬沙净输运率要明显大于枯季。洪季北槽中段潮泵及垂向环流作用最为明显,枯季,除北槽上段外,潮泵及垂向环流作用较小,水沙输运方向较为相近。造成洪季北槽中段潮泵作用及垂向环流输沙较大的原因是由于北槽中段滩槽泥沙交换频繁,涨潮流经南槽拦门沙及九段沙滩面后,挟带一定高含沙水体进入北槽,进而造成北槽中段潮泵及垂向环流输沙明显。  相似文献   

Wildfire-Migration Dynamics: Lessons from Colorado's Fourmile Canyon Fire     

Raphael J. Nawrotzki  Hannah Brenkert-Smith  Lori M. Hunter  Patricia A. Champ 《社会与自然资源》2014,27(2):215-225

The number of people living in wildfire-prone wildland–urban interface (WUI) communities is on the rise. However, no prior study has investigated wildfire-induced residential relocation from WUI areas after a major fire event. To provide insight into the association between sociodemographic and sociopsychological characteristics and wildfire-related intention to move, we use data from a survey of WUI residents in Boulder and Larimer counties, Colorado. The data were collected 2 months after the devastating Fourmile Canyon fire destroyed 169 homes and burned more than 6,000 acres of public and private land. Although this study is working with a small migrant sample, logistic regression models demonstrate that survey respondents intending to move in relation to wildfire incidence do not differ sociodemographically from their nonmigrant counterparts. They do, however, show significantly higher levels of risk perception. Investigating destination choices shows a preference for short-distance moves.  相似文献   

Calcareous nannofossil biostratigraphic study of forearc basin sediments: Lower to Upper Cretaceous Budden Canyon Formation (Great Valley Group), northern California,USA     

ALLAN GIL S. FERNANDO  HIROSHI NISHI  KAZUSHIGE TANABE  KAZUYOSHI MORIYA  YASUHIRO IBA  KAZUTO KODAMA  MICHAEL A. MURPHY  HISATAKE OKADA 《Island Arc》2011,20(3):346-370

The results of a calcareous nannofossil biostratigraphic investigation of the North Fork Cottonwood Creek section of the Budden Canyon Formation (BCF; Hauterivian–Turonian) in northern California are summarized using the Boreal – cosmopolitan Boreal Nannofossil Biostratigraphy (BC) – Upper Cretaceous Nannofossil Biostratigraphy (UC) nannofossil zonal schemes of Bown et al. and Burnett et al. Sixteen intervals, ranging from the BC15 to UC8 zones, were established in the section. Combined biostratigraphic and magnetostratigraphic studies suggest a Hauterivian to mid‐Turonian age for the studied sequence. The Hauterivian–Barremian, Barremian–Aptian, Aptian–Albian, Albian–Cenomanian, and Cenomanian–Turonian stage boundaries were delineated near the top of the Ogo Member, below the Huling Sandstone Member, within the upper Chickabally Member, in the upper portion of the Bald Hills Member and within the Gas Point Member, respectively. Unconformities probably exist at the base of the Huling Sandstone Member and the upper part of the upper Chickabally Member. The nannofossil assemblage in the North Fork Cottonwood Creek suggests that the study area was under the influence of cold‐water conditions during the Barremian to Lower Aptian interval, shifting to tropical/warm‐water conditions during the Albian to Turonian interval as a result of the mid‐Cretaceous global warming. Although oceanic anoxic events have not yet been reported in the BCF, preliminary total organic carbon, along with nannofossil data, suggest the presence of the global Cenomanian–Turonian boundary oceanic anoxic event 2.  相似文献   

Redescription of the skull of Saurolophus osborni Brown 1912 (Ornithischia: Hadrosauridae)     

Phil R. Bell 《Cretaceous Research》2011,32(1):30-44

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Horizontal freezing study for cross passage of river-crossing tunnel     

Ming Zhang  LingMin Wang  BaoWen Wang  HongBao Lin 《寒旱区科学》2011,3(4):0314-0318

To determine the appropriate soft foundation treatment for a river-crossing tunnel, freezing reinforcement design and technology were introduced based on the channel tunnel design and construction practice. Through finite element analysis and engineering practices, two rows of horizontal perforated freezing pipes were designed and installed on both sides of a passage for tunnel reinforcement, which produced the thickness and strength of frozen crust that satisfied the design requirements. These information are valuable for guiding the design and construction of river-crossing tunnels in coastal areas.  相似文献   

Hillslope coupled stream morphology,flow conditions,and their effects on detrital sedimentology in Garnet Canyon,Teton Range,Wyoming     

Lisa M.Tranel 《地学前缘(英文版)》2018,9(4):1193-1202

Characterizing stream erosion in any steep mountain landscape is arduous, but the challenge level increases when the stream flows through a glaciated catchment frequently modified by hillslope debris.Glacial landforms and stochastic mass wasting in alpine systems may interfere with sediment delivery to downstream sites where detrital sediments are often collected to represent upstream bedrock sources.To use detrital sediments as indicators of erosion, we need to understand potential sediment accumulation in flat glaciated reaches or behind rockfall barriers. This study investigates the stream channel in Garnet Canyon, a glaciated catchment located in the central Teton Range, to describe hillslope coupled channel morphology and the subsequent effects on sediment transport throughout the catchment.Stream cross-section surveys and sediment size measurements of the surface bedload were collected in the field within a glacially flattened segment of Garnet Canyon. Calculations of shear stress conditions allowed evaluation of the importance of mineral densities on potential grain entrainment. The length of the Garnet Canyon stream observed in this study was coupled with hillslope deposits. Critical shear stresses were sufficient to move gravel-sized sediments through all sections when calculated with quartz mineral density and through most sections when applying apatite mineral density. These results verify the application of detrital sediments to evaluate erosion rates or spatial bedrock sources because snowmelt stream flow efficiently moves entrained sediment past glacially reduced slopes and potential talus barriers.  相似文献   

琼东南盆地中央峡谷天然气成藏特征及其主控因素   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

许怀智  张迎朝  林春明  裴健翔  刘云芝 《地质学报》2014,88(9):1741-1752

基于地震、测井、岩芯、岩屑和天然气样品分析化验等资料,研究了中央峡谷天然气成藏特征,探讨了成藏主控因素与成藏模式。研究结果表明,晚中新世—早上新世沿琼东南盆地中央坳陷发育一条大型海底峡谷,称之为中央峡谷,峡谷内充填了多期相互叠置的浊积砂岩,平均孔隙度为15%~33%,渗透率为11×10-3~971.3×10-3μm2,为较好的储层;发育了岩性和构造-岩性复合两大类圈闭。峡谷的气源来自于崖城组的煤系地层,属于煤型气。烃源岩的有机质类型为Ⅱ2和Ⅲ型,以Ⅲ型为主;热演化程度处于成熟—高成熟阶段,晚中新世—上新世达到生烃高峰。琼东南盆地中央坳陷是一个高温高压的坳陷,实测地温梯度平均值高达4.2~4.6℃/100m,实测压力系数为1.20~2.15。在高温高压的环境下,盆地内孕育众多的底辟构造,而峡谷下伏的底辟构造与谷内相互叠置的复合砂体在空间上有效的配置构成了天然气垂向与侧向运移的输导体系,成为峡谷天然气成藏的关键因素。  相似文献