日本对虾血淋巴和肌肉的原代培养   总被引：4，自引：2，他引：4       下载免费PDF全文

王军霞  王维娜  王安利  王亚斌 《海洋科学》2003,27(3):61-63

以日本对虾（Penaeus japonicus）为实验材料研究肌肉组织和血淋巴的体外培养，初步建立了适合日本对虾细胞培养的条件体系。在此条件下培养原代细胞存活时间最多达2个月。  相似文献   

两种海洋细菌对赤潮藻的细胞生物量的影响研究   总被引：17，自引：1，他引：17  

徐金森  郑天凌  郭清华  连玉武 《海洋科学》2002,26(12):57-60

在实验室培养条件下 ,研究了两种海洋杆菌属细菌S7 (Bacillusmegaterium)和S10(B.halmapulus)对赤潮藻 (Alexandriumtamarense(Lebour)Balech)的细胞生物量 (细胞密度及叶绿素含量 )的影响。结果显示 ,细菌滤液对藻细胞增殖的影响与细菌浓度、细菌的种属特性以及藻细胞自身的生长阶段有关。其中 ,细菌浓度较高的C1 处理 (2×1010个/ml)对藻细胞生物量具有明显的抑制作用 ,而浓度较低的C2 和C3 处理 (2×109,2×108 个/ml)则显示了一定程度的促进作用 ;对于同一种赤潮藻 ,S10 在抑制或促进的程度和倾向上均比S7 的更为明显。不管是抑制或促进作用 ,在藻细胞的生长前期 (10d)时比后期 (18d)的更为明显。  相似文献   

Temporal observations of rip current circulation on a macro-tidal beach   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Martin Austin  Tim Scott  Jeff Brown  Jenna Brown  Jamie MacMahan  Gerd Masselink  Paul Russell 《Continental Shelf Research》2010

A field experiment was conducted on a high energy macro-tidal beach (Perranporth, UK) to examine rip current dynamics over a low-tide transverse bar/rip system in response to changing tide and wave conditions. Hydrodynamic data were collected using an array of in situ acoustic doppler current meters and pressure transducers, as well as 12 GPS-tracked Lagrangian surf zone drifters. Inter-tidal and sub-tidal morphology were measured through RTK-GPS and echo-sounder surveys. Data were collected for eight consecutive days (15 tides) over a spring-neap tidal cycle with tidal ranges of 4–6.5 m and offshore significant wave heights of 1–2 m and peak periods of 5–12 s.  相似文献   

雨生红球藻的细胞周期初探   总被引：15，自引：2，他引：13  

刘建国  殷明焱  张京浦  孟昭才  W F Bourne 《海洋与湖沼》2000,31(2):145-150

于１９９７年在青岛利用显微镜连续观察技术研究了雨生红球藻的细胞繁殖方式和动力学。结果表明,该藻细胞周期分为流动和不动２个阶段。每一阶段主要以无性生殖产生孢子的方式完成增殖。正常条件下游动细胞主要产生２、４个,偶尔产生２、４个,偶尔产生８个游动孢子,游孢子从孢子囊释放后为游动细胞。环境不适时流动细胞以及流动孢子失去鞭毛转入不动阶段。不动细胞主要形成４、８个,偶尔也能形成２０多个不动孢子,该过程不一定  相似文献   

Molecular ecological responses of dinoflagellate, Karenia mikimotoi to environmental nitrate stress     

Lei QY  Lü SH 《Marine pollution bulletin》2011,62(12):2692-2699

Karenia mikimotoi is one of the most important harmful algal species in the Chinese coastal waters, and which produce hemolytic toxins and ichthyotoxins, resulting in devastating economic losses. Previous studies demonstrated that the increase of nitrate concentration could promote the growth and reproduction of K. mikimotoi. However, the intrinsic mechanisms regarding the effects of nitrate on the K. mikimotoi photosynthesis, nucleic acid replication and differential protein expression remain to be elucidated. Our study demonstrated that nitrate stress inhibited growth of K. mikimotoi (p < 0.01). Algal chlorophyll fluorescence intensity varied slightly while algal cell cycle succession was significantly retarded by nitrate stress (p < 0.05). Sixteen proteins were detected only in nitrate-limited cultures which related to nitrate transport, signal transduction, amino acid metabolism, DNA repair and hemolysin manufacture. Eleven proteins were detected only in nitrate-replete sample and were related to photorespiration, reproduction and growth, assistance of protein modification, cytoskeleton stability and signal transduction. Based on analysis of differential proteomic functional annotations, we hypothesized a proteomic response mechanism of K. mikimotoi to environmental nitrate stress.  相似文献   

海洋浮游植物对磷的响应研究进展   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

金杰  刘素美 《地球科学进展》2013,28(2):253-261

磷是海洋浮游植物赖以生存的一种必需营养元素.海洋浮游植物对磷的响应,与初级生产力、碳循环以及固氮作用密切相关.总结了浮游植物可利用的磷源:优先吸收溶解无机磷;在寡磷海域,可通过相关酶类协助利用溶解有机磷来抵御无机磷的缺乏.对比了不同种类浮游植物对不同形态磷源利用方式的差异并从浮游植物生理学角度阐述了存在差异的根本原因.探讨了浮游植物对低磷环境的响应机制.近期的研究发现浮游植物细胞表面可以吸附磷,该发现有利于更加准确地衡量浮游植物承受的营养盐限制问题,进一步完善对海洋磷储库及其生物地球化学循环的认识.最后提出了今后需进一步研究的关键科学问题:浮游植物细胞表面吸附磷的机制;对不同结构有机磷化物的利用机理;浮游植物对磷的海洋生物地球化学循环的响应及反馈作用.  相似文献   

A description of chloride cell and kidney tubule alterations in the flatfish Solea senegalensis exposed to moderately contaminated sediments from the Sado estuary (Portugal)     

Pedro M. Costa  Sandra Caeiro  Mrio S. Diniz  Jorge Lobo  Marta Martins  Ana M. Ferreira  Miguel Caetano  Carlos Vale  T. ngel DelValls  M. Helena Costa 《Journal of Sea Research》2010,64(4):465-472

The effects of sediment-bound contaminants on kidney and gill chloride cells were surveyed in juvenile Solea senegalensis exposed to fresh sediments collected from three distinct sites of the Sado Estuary (Portugal) in a 28-day laboratorial assay. Sediments were analyzed for metallic contaminants, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and organochlorines as well as for total organic matter, redox potential and fine fraction. The potential for causing adverse biological effects of each surveyed sediment was assessed by comparison of contaminant levels to available guidelines for coastal sediments, namely the Threshold Effects Level (TEL) and the Probable Effects Level (PEL). The Sediment Quality Guideline Quotient indices (SQGQ) were calculated to compare the overall contamination levels of the three stations. A qualitative approach was employed to analyze the histo/cytopathological traits in gill chloride cells and body kidney of fish exposed to each tested sediment for 0, 14 and 28 days. The results showed that sediment contamination can be considered low to moderate and that the least contaminated sediment (from a reference site, with the lowest SQGQ) caused lesser changes in the surveyed organs. However, the most contaminated sediment (by both metallic and organic xenobiotics, with highest SQGQ) was neither responsible for the highest mortality nor for the most pronounced lesions. Exposure to the sediment presenting an intermediate SQGQ, essentially contaminated by organic compounds, caused the highest mortality (48%) and the most severe damage to kidneys, up to full renal necrosis. Chloride cell alterations were similar in fish exposed to the two most contaminated sediments and consisted of a pronounced cellular hypertrophy, likely involving fluid retention and loss of mitochondria. It can be concluded that sediment contamination considered to be low or moderate may be responsible for severe injury to cells and parenchyma involved in the maintenance of osmotic balance, contributing for the high mortality levels observed. The results suggest that sediment-bound organic contaminants such as PAHs (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons) and PCBs (polychlorinated biphenyls) may be very toxic to the analyzed organs, especially the kidney, even when present in low-risk concentrations.  相似文献   

Holocene size variations in two diatom species off East Antarctica: Productivity vs environmental conditions     

Xavier Crosta   《Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers》2009,56(11):1983-1993

I here present a biometric investigation on two diatom species, Fragilariopsis kerguelensis (O’Meara) Hustedt and Fragilariopsis curta (Van Heurck) Hustedt, in Holocene samples from sediment core MD03-2601 from the Antarctic Continental Shelf off Adélie Land, East Antarctica. Apical valve length measurements of the two species are compared to their respective absolute and relative abundances as a proxy for the species productivity. Fragilariopsis kerguelensis valves were longer and more abundant during the warmer Mid-Holocene period and smaller and less abundant during the colder Late-Holocene period. Conversely, F. curta valves were smaller and less abundant during the warmer Mid-Holocene period and longer and more abundant during the colder Late-Holocene period. Mean apical valve length variations even follow centennial-to-millennial oscillations in the species abundances. Maximal valve length and minimal valve length were also larger during the warmer Mid-Holocene period and during the colder Late-Holocene period for F. keguelensis and F. curta, respectively. The observed positive size-abundance relationships are linked to the environmental conditions at the core location that stands today at the lower ecological limit for F. kerguelensis and upper ecological limit for F. curta. More favourable environmental conditions (warmer, less icy for F. kerguelensis and colder, icier for F. curta) allowed for sexual reproduction at the upper range of the sexually inducible size window and subsequent restoration of larger initial cells which, in turn, resulted in overall bigger size of the species populations, though vegetative multiplication was more frequent.  相似文献   

Seasonal and gender-related differences in morphometric features and cellular and biochemical parameters of Carcinus aestuarii from the Lagoon of Venice     

《Marine environmental research》2013

In this study, the seasonal variations in the morphometric features and in the cellular and biochemical parameters of the haemolymph were investigated in both male and female crabs (Carcinus aestuarii). Crabs were seasonally (November 2010–August 2011) collected from the Lagoon of Venice, and the moult stage, weight, width and length of the carapace, and width and length of the bigger chela were evaluated. In addition, the total haemocyte count (THC), haemocyte diameter and volume, haemolymph glucose and total protein levels, and haemolymph phenoloxidase (PO) and N-acetyl-β-glucosaminidase (NAG) activities were measured. The results demonstrated that the collected crabs were all in the intermoult stage and that the males were bigger than the females. A two-way ANOVA revealed a significant effect of season on the THC and the haemocyte volume and a significant influence of gender on the haemocyte diameter. Season and gender significantly affected the haemolymph glucose concentration, whereas haemolymph protein levels were dependent only on the season. In addition, both season and gender significantly influenced the PO and NAG activities in the haemolymph. Overall, the results demonstrated that crab morphometric features as well as haemolymph cellular and biochemical parameters varied markedly as a function of both season and gender.  相似文献   

Optimizing alginate beads for the immobilisation of Phaeodactylum tricornutum in estuarine waters     

《Marine environmental research》2013

This study addresses the influence of calcium as hardening agent, on alginate gel bead stability and suitability for the growth of Phaeodactylum tricornutum Bohlin (Bacillariophyceae) in estuarine waters. Alginate beads produced with 1, 2, 4, 5 and 6% of CaCl₂ solutions were investigated for stability and suitability for growth of P. tricornutum cells, under mean salinity 27, at 220 and 440 rpm stirring laboratory conditions, and in devices placed under in situ estuarine conditions. Gel stability and suitability for cell growth were evaluated through bead diameter, bead disruption, dissolution and loss of spherical shape, cell viability and specific growth rates. Beads gelled with 5% CaCl₂ were found the most suitable to sustain gel stability and cell growth in the estuarine waters. These beads were surveyed during dredging operations in the Tagus estuary, both in situ and in estuarine water under laboratory conditions, showing significantly lowered growth rates possibly due to Mn, Co and As accumulated in the cells. Results confirmed that the monitoring tool presented is reliable and effective for the assessment of anthropogenic impacts.  相似文献