One hundred years in the Norwegian Sea     

《Norsk geografisk tidsskrift. Norwegian journal of geography》2012,66(2):56-75

  相似文献   

The effect of velocity veering on sand transport in a shallow sea     

G. I. Shapiro  J. van der Molen  H. E. de Swart 《Ocean Dynamics》2004,54(3-4):415-423

This study aims at comparing and contrasting two different models for sand transport by currents in a shallow sea to illustrate the effect of velocity veering. The first model uses the Bailard-type formulation, which allows calculation of erosion/deposition rates at a fixed location on the sea floor via the divergence of horizontal sediment fluxes. The second model is a semi-analytical 2.5-dimensional model, which takes into account the time lag between erosion and deposition events and the velocity veering within the sediment-laden (nepheloid) layer caused by the Coriolis force. The velocity veering implies that the direction of the sediment flux is generally different from the direction of the surface flow. The latter model was designed for rapid, semi-analytical computations of sediment transport, using flow fields from 2-DH numerical models. The two models use a matching set of parameters to provide identical values for the bottom stress and suspended sediment load for a uniform steady current at any given surface velocity. The two models were compared in a range of sand grain sizes 50–500 m and current speeds up to 1 m s^–1 for an idealised square region (100 × 100 km) of a shelf sea of constant depth. The erosion/deposition patterns and suspension load were examined in three settings: (1) uniform steady flow, (2) straight jet, (3) meandering jet. It was found that both the rates and, in particular, the spatial distribution of the areas of erosion/deposition differ significantly between the models in cases (2) and (3). This difference can be attributed to additional flux divergence due to velocity veering. A comparison of model results with field data, collected at Long Island Shelf, supports the relevance of Coriolis-induced veering of currents on the direction of the sediment flux.Responsible Editor: Jens Kappenberg  相似文献   

中国海地球物理场特征   总被引：18，自引：8，他引：10  

刘光鼎 《地球物理学进展》2002,17(1):1-12

1960年开始对中国海进行地球物理系统调查,经过30年积累了丰富的测控、重力、磁力和地震资料,应用“一、二、三、多”的综合解释原则,编绘并出版了比例尺为1：5M的“中国海区及领域地质地球物理系列图”（1992）,在此基础上,认识到中国海的一些地球物理现象,进而讨论了中国大地构造格架及其演化历史,提出了中国对海底油气资源的看法。  相似文献   

Vertical Crustal Motion along the Mediterranean and Black Sea Coast Derived from Ocean Altimetry and Tide Gauge Data     

D. García  I. Vigo  B. F. Chao  M. C. Martínez 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》2007,164(4):851-863

Tide gauge (TG) data along the northern Mediterranean and Black Sea coasts are compared to the sea-surface height (SSH) anomaly obtained from ocean altimetry (TOPEX/Poseidon and ERS-1/2) for a period of nine years (1993–2001). The TG measures the SSH relative to the ground whereas the altimetry does so with respect to the geocentric reference frame; therefore their difference would be in principle a vertical ground motion of the TG sites, though there are different error sources for this estimate as is discussed in the paper. In this study we estimate such vertical ground motion, for each TG site, from the slope of the SSH time series of the (non-seasonal) difference between the TG record and the altimetry measurement at a point closest to the TG. Where possible, these estimates are further compared with those derived from nearby continuous Global Positioning System (GPS) data series. These results on vertical ground motion along the Mediterranean and Black Sea coasts provide useful source data for studying, contrasting, and constraining tectonic models of the region. For example, in the eastern coast of the Adriatic Sea and in the western coast of Greece, a general subsidence is observed which may be related to the Adriatic lithosphere subducting beneath the Eurasian plate along the Dinarides fault.  相似文献   

Inception of the Northern European ice sheet due to contrasting ocean and insolation forcing   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Bjørg Risebrobakken  Trond Dokken  Eystein Jansen  Yongqi Gao  Helge Drange 《Quaternary Research》2007,67(1):128-135

About 115,000 yr ago the last interglacial reached its terminus and nucleation of new ice-sheet growth was initiated. Evidence from the northernmost Nordic Seas indicate that the inception of the last glacial was related to an intensification of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) in its northern limb. The enhanced AMOC, combined with minimum Northern hemisphere insolation, introduced a strong sea-land thermal gradient that, together with a strong wintertime latitudinal insolation gradient, increased the storminess and moisture transport to the high Northern European latitudes at a time when the Northern hemisphere summer insolation approached its minimum.  相似文献   

我国海洋第四纪研究与环境演变中的海陆相互作用   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：4       下载免费PDF全文

汪品先 《第四纪研究》2001,21(3):218-222

根据我国的地理位置和第四纪地层的特色分析,海陆结合是我国海洋第四纪研究的优势所在.半世纪以来,中国海洋地质的研究经历了从调查到研究、从海岸到浅海再到深海、从晚第四纪到晚新生代、从低分辨率到高分辨率以及从定性到定量的进展过程,取得了重要进展,但仍有很大的差距.新世纪初期,应当从国际、国内第四纪研究的关键问题着眼选题,以西太平洋边缘海与暖池作为主战场,和陆地工作、和现代过程相结合展开研究.文章对我国海洋第四纪研究的方向、措施进行了讨论.  相似文献   

中国海地球物理场和地球动力学特征   总被引：13，自引：0，他引：13  

刘光鼎 《地质学报》1992,66(4):300-314

1960—1990年间,在中国海域内进行了广泛的地质-地球物理调查。根据所取得的实际资料,编制出“中国海区及邻域地质地球物理系列图(1:2M)”,实际上是对中国海30年地质地球物理工作的系统总结。本文在说明系列图的指导思想与方法之后,概略地论述了中国海的地球物理场、地球动力学和地质构造等特征。  相似文献   

浙江北部近海边界层风廓线特征分析     

姚日升  涂小萍  丁烨毅  徐迪峰  蒋璐璐 《气象科技》2017,45(3):516-525

利用2010年12月至2014年5月宁波近海凉帽山370m高塔气象梯度风观测和浙江北部沿海自动气象站测风资料,对浙江北部近海风速垂直廓线进行分析,结果发现:受地形影响,偏南、偏北风时塔基风速一般比上一层风速大。不同天气系统影响下近地边界层风廓线不同,南风型320m以下风速基本遵从对数律。热带气旋影响型和北风型时风廓线可分为3段,常通量层内基本满足对数律,该层向上一段高度热带气旋影响型风速变化不大,北风型反而减小,再往上风速又继续增大。北风型风廓线的这种3段结构表现比热带气旋影响型更为清楚,约80~109m风速出现相对极大值,200~250m间存在风速极小值。满足对数律的近地边界层内小风比大风具有更好的拟合优度。浙江北部沿海自动气象站测风资料不同风型统计分析与高塔风廓线表现基本一致。  相似文献   

Features of Geophysical Fields and Geodynamics of the China Sea     

Liu Guangding Institute of Geophysics  Academia Sinic  Beijing Sun Sheping 《《地质学报》英文版》1993,67(2):131-149

During 1960—1990, an extensive geological-geophysical investigation was carried out in the marine areas of China. According to the materials obtained, the "Geological—Geophysical Serial Maps of the China Seas and the Adjacent Areas (1:2,000,000)" was compiled. In fact, it is a systematic summary of the geological and geophysical work of the China Seas in the past 30 years.In this paper, the author explains the guiding thought and methodology of the compilation of the serial maps, and then briefly discusses the characteristics of geophysical fields and geodynamics, stratigraphy, tectonics and magmatism.  相似文献   

Assessment of tsunami hazard in the Italian seas     

Stefano Tinti 《Natural Hazards》1991,4(2-3):267-283

A method for the evaluation of tsunami potential in the seas surrounding Italy is presented. A major difficulty for performing reliable estimates of tsunami occurrence is that the existing tsunami catalog for Italy includes a small number of cases. This is due partly to the catalog incompleteness, strangely more pronounced in our century, and partly to the relative infrequency of tsunamis along the Italian seas. Evaluation of tsunami activity is therefore deduced by complementing the tsunami catalog data with data on seismicity that are by far more abundant and reliable. Analysis of seismicity and assessment of earthquake rate in coastal and submarine regions form the basis of the present method to perform tsunami potential estimates for Italy. One essential limitation of the method is that only tsunamis of seismic origin are taken into account, which leads to an underestimation of the tsunami potential. Since tsunamis generated by earthquakes are much more frequent than events produced by slumps or volcanic eruptions, the underestimation is not dramatic and very likely affects only a limited portion of the Italian coasts. In the present application of the method, eight separate regions have been considered that together cover all the coasts of Italy. In each region, seismicity has been independently examined and the earthquake potential has been calculated in small 20 × 20 cells. Then, on the basis of suitable assumptions, tsunami potential has been evaluated in each cell. According to this study, the Italian coasts that are the most exposed to the attacks of locally generated tsunamis are to be found in the Messina Straits, in Tyrrhenian coasts of Calabria, in the Ionian Sicilian coasts around Catania, and in the Gargano promontory in the Southern Adriatic Sea. Furthermore, this study confirms that the Northern Adriatic Sea has a low level of tsunami potential, in agreement with recent studies emphasizing that the large historical events concerning this region included in the first versions of the Italian tsunami catalog are largely overestimated and must be decreased.  相似文献