巢湖沉积植硅体组合及中全新世以来的环境演变   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

范斌  许世远  俞立中  蒋辉  冉莉华 《湖泊科学》2006,18(3):273-279

尽管以前对眼虫进行过大量的形态发育研究和基于核糖体RNA基因的系统发育分析,但对于株系之间的关系仍然知之甚少．因其形态特征有限并且易变,很难鉴定眼虫的相似种和同种内不同的株．作者利用微卫星DNA指纹图谱,在七株眼虫中扩增了七个微卫星DNA位点,成功扩增的六个微卫星引物都得到了四到八个条带．从微卫星DNA指纹图谱计算得到的相似性系数范围从0．000到0．957．根据相似性系数得到的树状结构,七株眼虫在距离为0．9346处分为三支:E．mutabilis,E．intermedia和E．gracilis．其中,五株E．gracilis分为两组:来自日本的和美国的．不同地区的株得到不同的基因型,并初步分析了它们之间的关系．研究表明七株眼虫根据微卫星DNA指纹图谱被明显区分开．微卫星DNA指纹图谱具有很高的分辨率,是鉴定和区分原生动物相似种和同种内不同株的一种有用的新方法．  相似文献   

Morphological and molecular evidence supports the first occurrence of two fishes,Siganus sutor(Valenciennes, 1835)and Seriolina nigrofasciata(Rüppell, 1829)(Actinopterygii:Perciformes), from marine waters of Odisha coast,Bay of Bengal,India     

Barik Tapan K.  Swain Surya N.  Sahu Bijayalaxmi  Tripathy Bibarani  Acharya Usha R. 《海洋学报(英文版)》2020,39(6):26-35

Marine ecosystems provide a wide variety of diverse habitats that frequently promote migration and ecological adaptation. The extent to which the geographic distribution of marine organism has reshaped by human activities remains underappreciated. The limitations intrinsic to morphology-based identification systems have engendered an urgent need for reliable genetic methods that enable the unequivocal recognition of fish species,particularly those that are prone to overexploitation and/or market substitution. In the present study, however, an attempt has been taken to identify two locally adapted fish species, Siganus sutor(Valenciennes, 1835) and Seriolina nigrofasciata(Rüppell, 1829) of order Perciformes, which happens to be the first record in Odisha coast,Bay of Bengal. The diagnostic characteristics of Siganus sutor are: dorsal fin XIII-10, anal fin VII-9, pectoral fin 15,pelvic fin II-3, while that of Seriolina nigrofasciata dorsal fin VI-I-35, anal fin I-17, pectoral fin 16, pelvic fin 5. All COI barcodes generated in this study were matched with reference sequences of expected species, according to morphological identification. Bayesian and likelihood phylogenetic trees were drawn based on DNA barcodes and all the specimens clustered in agreement with their taxonomic classification at the species level. The phylogeographic studies based on haplotype network and migration rates suggest that both the species were not panmitic and the high-frequency population distribution indicates successful migration. The result of this study provides an important validation of the use of DNA barcode sequences for monitoring species diversity and changes within a complex marine ecosystem.  相似文献   

Feeding intensity and molecular prey identification of the mantis shrimp,Oratosquilla oratoria (De Haan, 1844), in the Tianjin coastal zone of Bohai Bay     

Qi-Kang Bo  Yun-Zhao Lu  Hui-Jing Mi  Yan-Guang Yu  De-Xian Gu  Hong-Zheng You  Shuang Hao 《Marine Ecology》2020,41(4):e12594

Bohai Bay, a representative semi-enclosed bay of China, has been severely impacted in recent decades by rapid human development. Although the mantis shrimp Oratosquilla oratoria plays an important role in the Bohai Bay ecosystem and fishery, its feeding ecology and the impact of habitat changes on its feeding habits are poorly known. In this study, we sought to identify its feeding strategy through the separation of stomach contents, and to describe its trophic ecology during maturation in the Tianjin coastal zone of Bohai Bay by the DNA barcoding method using a fragment (about 690 bp) of the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I (CO I) gene. A total of 594 specimens were collected from March to July 2018, and 347 (58.42%) stomachs were found to have food remains. More than half of the O. oratoria individuals had poor feeding activity, and the degree of feeding of females was higher than that of males, but there was no significant difference in the visual fullness index and the fullness weight index (FWI) between sexes for each month. In addition, the feeding activity of O. oratoria was consistent across the months, suggesting in artificial breeding programs it is not worried too much about the accessional diet supplied to the female bloodstocks except maintaining their normal food. A total of 167 retrieved prey items yielded 187 readable sequences; 86.63% of these sequences could be assigned to the species level. Consequently, 25 different prey taxa covering all readable sequences were identified, showing O. oratoria is a generalist predator. In terms of percent composition by frequency of occurrences (%N), crustaceans and fishes accounted for the same and highest percentage (35.83%) in the mantis shrimp diet, followed by mollusks (24.59%) and the remaining marine organisms (3.73%) including Polychaeta (2.67%), Sagittoidea (0.53%), and Chromadorea (0.53%). The result shows the benthic fish Oxudercidae (family) appears to be an especially important food supply for O. oratoria during maturation. The degree of cannibalism decreased with an increase in diet species and the frequencies of cannibalism in this study was noticeably higher than that in previous studies, suggesting that cannibalism may be a significant feeding strategy in the mantis shrimp O. oratoria in the Tianjin coastal zone of Bohai Bay, and because of the frequently cannibalistic behavior, the high stocking density of broodstocks should be avoided.  相似文献   

虾夷扇贝TET基因在配子发生和早期发育中的表达模式     

李仰平  张玲玲  李若佼  刘甜  郭振义  李婉茹  包振民 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2020,50(4):54-62

DNA甲基化参与调节动物配子发生和胚胎发育过程,TET基因负责DNA主动去甲基化,在基因印迹去除和细胞全能性获得中起重要作用。为了解海洋贝类配子发生和胚胎发育过程中DNA去甲基化如何发生,本研究以虾夷扇贝为研究对象,鉴定了其TET基因,并分析了该基因在性腺和胚胎幼虫发育中的表达变化。结果表明,虾夷扇贝基因组中含有1个TET基因(PyTET),该基因长39127 bp,包含10个外显子,编码1592个氨基酸,其蛋白具有完整的2OGFeDO超家族的加氧酶结构域。在性腺发育过程中,PyTET基因表达峰值出现在休止期精巢和增殖期卵巢,原位杂交结果显示其在精原细胞、精母细胞中均有表达,在卵母细胞中的表达明显高于卵原细胞;在早期发育过程中,其峰值出现在囊胚期。以上结果提示虾夷扇贝配子发生和胚胎发育过程中均发生了DNA主动去甲基化,这将有助于系统了解表观调控在贝类发育中的作用。  相似文献   

ARGO剖面浮标数据质量控制过程剖析   总被引：12，自引：4，他引：12  

童明荣  刘增宏  孙朝辉  朱伯康  许建平 《海洋技术学报》2003,22(4):79-84

ARGO计划的观测目标是能取得精度分别为0．5℃和0．01PSU的海水温度和盐度资料。然而，由于目前海水盐度是采用海水电导率间接导出的，而测量海水电导率的传感器很容易产生偏差。因此，必须对获得的ARGO数据进行质量控制。文章详细介绍了ARGO剖面浮标资料实时质量控制模式和延时质量控制模式及其采用的质量控制方法等。  相似文献   

A Moored Underwater Energy Conservation System for Profiling Measurement   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

龚德俊陈永华  李思忍徐永平 姜静波 《中国海洋工程》2007,21(3):541-548

There is a need to obtain the hydrologic data including ocean current,wave,temperature and so on in the South China Sea.A new profiling instrument which does not suffer from the damage due to nature forces or incidents caused by passing ships,is under development to acquire data from this area.This device is based on a taut single point mid-water mooring system.It incorporates a small,instrumented vertically profiling float attached via an electromechanical cable to a winch integral with the main subsurface flotation.On a pre-set schedule,the instrument float with sensors is winched up to the surface if there is no ship passing by,which is defined by an on-board miniature sonar.And it can be immediately winched down to a certain depth if the sonar sensor finds something is coming.Since,because of logistics,the area can only be visited once for a long time and a minimum of 10 times per day profiles are desired,energy demands are severe.To respond to these concerns,the system has been designed to conserve a substantial portion of the potential energy lost during the ascent phase of each profile and subsequently use this energy to pull the instrument down.Compared with the previous single-point layered measuring mode,it is advanced and economica1.At last the paper introduces the test in the South China Sea.  相似文献   

基于COI序列的翡翠股贻贝Perna viridis线粒体遗传特性分析及其近缘种间的系统关系探讨   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

位正鹏  孔晓瑜  吴相云  喻子牛 《热带海洋学报》2009,28(6):72-78

应用通用引物 COIL 1490和 COIH 2198对翡翠股贻贝Perna viridis的性腺和体细胞线粒体DNA进行PCR扩增,获得661bp长度的COI基因片段,经过比对性腺与体细胞的COI片段,发现雄性性腺与体细胞COI基因均为一个单倍型,即体内只有一种线粒体DNA类型,没有发现双单性遗传现象,雌、雄性腺的COI基因片段变异率很低（0.31%）。应用PAUP构建了NJ树、MP树以及贝叶斯法构建了贝叶斯树,对股贻贝属3种间的系统关系进行了分析,结果表明,翡翠股贻贝P. viridis与P. canaliculus 和 P. perna 之间的分化与分歧年代的估算是相吻合的。  相似文献   

基于16S rRNA 部分序列探讨部分鳚亚目鱼类的分子系统进化关系   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张源真  王伟  姜志强  张钊 《海洋科学》2012,36(9):89-95

通过PCR扩增获得了3科5属6种中国黄渤海海域的鳚亚目(Blennioidei)鱼类的线粒体16S rRNA基因序列片段约669bp碱基,结合来自 GenBank的5种鳚亚目其他科鱼类的相应基因片段,并以眼斑雪冰鱼(Chionodraco rastrospinosus)为外群,生成供系统发育分析的序列矩阵,利用MEGA 4.0软件分析序列的碱基组成、差异百分比、转换/颠换值等,应用最大简约法(MP)和邻接法(NJ)构建系统发育树.结果显示:在鳚亚目鱼类的16S rRNA 片段生成的序列矩阵中发现有碱基的插入缺失现象,共有207 bp变异位点,转换/颠换值为0.8,碱基平均差异为3.36;支持绵鳚(Enchelyopus elongates)归于鳚亚目绵鳚科(Zoarcidae),鳚(Azuma emmnion)归于鳚亚目线鳚科(Stichaeidae);方氏云鳚(Enedrias fangi)和云鳚(Enedrias nebulosus)种间遗传距离只有0.01,亲缘关系最近.  相似文献   

基于微卫星标记的三疣梭子蟹家系系谱认证   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

刘磊  李健  刘萍 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2012,(Z2):38-44

用6个微卫星标记对三疣梭子蟹(Portunus trituberculatus)的6个家系进行系谱鉴别和遗传多样性研究。6个微卫星标记在6个家系中显示了高度的遗传差异,6个位点的多态信息含量(PIC)分别为Pot09位点0.6045,Pot14位点0.6072,Pot17位点0.8130,Pot18位点0.6870,Pot25位点0.7839,Pot42位点0.6330。6个多态性位点共发现了32个等位基因,每个位点的等位基因数在4～8个之间。不同位点共发现7个家系特异性等位基因,2#和3#家系中各发现2个,1#、5#、6#家系中各发现1个,4#家系未发现特异性等位基因。根据已知亲本及子代基因型,可推断出6个家系中全部亲本的基因型,据此鉴别各家系。在Pot18位点可将1#家系和6#家系与其他家系相区别;Pot14位点和Pot17位点可将3#家系与其他家系相区别;Pot42位点可将5#与其他家系相区别;Pot17位点和Pot25可将2#家系与其他家系相区别。因此,Pot18位点、Pot14位点和Pot17位点、Pot42位点、Pot17位点和Pot25位点可分别用于鉴别1#和6#家系、3#、5#、2#家系的特异性标记。研究表明,在选用的6个微卫星标记中,最少选用3个标记可鉴别6个三疣梭子蟹家系。  相似文献   

基于线粒体D-loop区分析黄颡鱼(Pelteobagrus fulvidraco)五个淡水湖泊群体的遗传多样性     

刘朋朋  钟立强  潘建林  陈校辉  陈友明  王明华  杨家新 《海洋与湖沼》2013,44(3):728-733

采用线粒体D-loop区测序技术,对巢湖、滆湖、洪泽湖、鄱阳湖和太湖5个地理群体的黄颡鱼(Pelteobagrus fulvidraco)遗传多样性及种群遗传结构进行了研究。结果表明,890个位点中变异位点有151个,简约信息位点24个。143个个体共检测到72个单倍型,平均单倍型多样性指数为0.951±0.011,核苷酸多样性为指数为0.00614±0.00087。鄱阳湖群体和其它4个湖泊群体的遗传距离相对比较大,滆湖和巢湖的遗传距离最小,总体遗传分化指数Fst为0.0896(P<0.01)。群体间基因流系数Nm=2.22,表明5个黄颡鱼种群间存在着一定的基因流动。  相似文献