洋山港海域与长江口相似性研究   总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11  

李玉中  陈沈良 《地理学报》2002,57(6):662-670

根据洋山港海域的水文泥沙观测资料和长江口的研究文献分析，洋山港海域与长江口存在较多相似现象。2者均存在滞流区现象是产生其它相似现象的根本原因。即高悬沙浓度区分布特征，表层沉积特征和浅滩区分布特征的相似性是滞流区现象的衍生效应。洋山港海域与长江口的诸多相似现象揭示：（1）滞流区的动力平衡作用是最大浑浊带和拦门沙浅滩形成的主导因素；（2）滞沙区通常位于滞流区地形束窄一侧；（3）滞流区的细颗粒物质沉积区与滞流点位置（或滞流区形态）有着较为一致的吻合性，洋山港海域与长江口区间属于未来开发的热点地区，对2者的相似现象开展深入的研究将有着较深的理论和实际意义。  相似文献   

1605年琼山强地震导致的同震海岸快速下沉、可能紧随的海啸及其证据   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

徐起浩 《华南地震》2006,26(1):17-27

根据琼州府志、琼山县志及一些家谱、族谱等的记载,再加上对海域中退潮后海底残留的房屋、坟墓等各种沉没于海的人类活动废墟和东寨港海域中地震地貌的发现与考察,结合本人和前人以往的研究成果,证实1605年7月13日海南岛琼山县发生的71/2级强地震导致琼州海峡东南侧与琼北陆地相连的海底及与海相连的琼北东部一些沿岸陆地大面积同震快速下沉,使得原先为陆地的东寨港、北创港和舖前港及其以北海域等地区大面积陆陷成海。这是一次生源地在与海相连的海岸带的同震海岸下沉。推断了这次地震海啸;比较了这次陆陷成海地震海啸与生源地在近海和大洋海底的地震海啸的异同;也与北美西海岸生源地在太平洋板块斜插在北美大陆板块之下形成消减带的海岸同震下沉及海啸比较了异同。最后还提出,琼州大地震陆陷成海灾害应从根本上区别通常所说的震陷灾害。  相似文献   

湛江港潮汐汊道落潮三角洲沉积动力过程   总被引：6，自引：1，他引：6  

张乔民  郑德延 《地理学报》1995,50(5):421-429

湛江港是华南海岩规模最大的中潮溺谷湾型潮汊道港湾，口外发育规模巨大、形态典型的落潮三角洲。依据据现场调查资料分析，落潮三角洲具有马蹄形浅滩包围中央深槽的地貌结构，由中心至周边为粗砂至极细砂同心半圆带状分布的表层沉积分布，中央深槽落潮流动力为主，周边浅滩波潮流动力为主的动力场结构。  相似文献   

连云港疏浚工程对底栖动物影响的调查研究     

陈德昌  唐寅德  张勇  马宏广 《海洋科学进展》1991,(3)

由于港口扩建工程,连云港地区每年有数百万立方米的泥土集中排抛于局部海域。废弃土在排抛区内形成淤积并影响着底栖动物的栖息环境。作者于1986年和1988年在连云港海域进行了底栖动物采样,调查得出了生物量和栖息密度的分布概况。结果表明:疏浚工程影响着底栖动物的生存,但其影响范围是局部的。  相似文献   

The sequential megafaunal collapse hypothesis: Testing with existing data   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：4  

Douglas P. DeMaster  Andrew W. Trites  Phillip Clapham  Sally Mizroch  Paul Wade  Robert J. Small  Jay Ver Hoef 《Progress in Oceanography》2006,68(2-4):329

Springer et al. [Springer, A.M., Estes, J.A., van Vliet, G.B., Williams, T.M., Doak, D.F., Danner, E.M., Forney, K.A., Pfister, B., 2003. Sequential megafaunal collapse in the North Pacific Ocean: an ongoing legacy of industrial whaling? Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 100 (21), 12,223–12,228] hypothesized that great whales were an important prey resource for killer whales, and that the removal of fin and sperm whales by commercial whaling in the region of the Bering Sea/Aleutian Islands (BSAI) in the late 1960s and 1970s led to cascading trophic interactions that caused the sequential decline of populations of harbor seal, northern fur seal, Steller sea lion and northern sea otter. This hypothesis, referred to as the Sequential Megafaunal Collapse (SMC), has stirred considerable interest because of its implication for ecosystem-based management. The SMC has the following assumptions: (1) fin whales and sperm whales were important as prey species in the Bering Sea; (2) the biomass of all large whale species (i.e., North Pacific right, fin, humpback, gray, sperm, minke and bowhead whales) was in decline in the Bering Sea in the 1960s and early 1970s; and (3) pinniped declines in the 1970s and 1980s were sequential. We concluded that the available data are not consistent with the first two assumptions of the SMC. Statistical tests of the timing of the declines do not support the assumption that pinniped declines were sequential. We propose two alternative hypotheses for the declines that are more consistent with the available data. While it is plausible, from energetic arguments, for predation by killer whales to have been an important factor in the declines of one or more of the three populations of pinnipeds and the sea otter population in the BSAI region over the last 30 years, we hypothesize that the declines in pinniped populations in the BSAI can best be understood by invoking a multiple factor hypothesis that includes both bottom–up forcing (as indicated by evidence of nutritional stress in the western Steller sea lion population) and top–down forcing (e.g., predation by killer whales, mortality incidental to commercial fishing, directed harvests). Our second hypothesis is a modification of the top–down forcing mechanism (i.e., killer whale predation on one or more of the pinniped populations and the sea otter population is mediated via the recovery of the eastern North Pacific population of the gray whale). We remain skeptical about the proposed link between commercial whaling on fin and sperm whales, which ended in the mid-1960s, and the observed decline of populations of northern fur seal, harbor seal, and Steller sea lion some 15 years later.  相似文献   

Resonance Induced by Edge Waves in Hua-Lien Harbor   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Guan-Yu?ChenEmail author  Chung-Ching?Chien  Ching-Ho?Su  Hsiang-Mao?Tseng 《Journal of Oceanography》2004,60(6):1035-1043

This article first reviews previous numerical studies on the resonance problem of Hua-Lien Harbor. All the research leads to the conclusion that resonance can be stimulated by 2-D infragravity waves. However, a literature survey suggests that outside the harbor these plane infragravity waves are too small to excite violent water-body movement inside. On the other hand, 3-D infragravity waves trapped along the coastline, also known as edge waves, are more likely to exist outside the harbor and their effect needs to be thoroughly discussed. Based on previous measurements, the response of Hua-Lien Harbor is best simulated using edge waves of 160 and 140 second periods and their resonance mechanisms are analyzed. The former case has a longitudinal resonant mode and hence the amplitude in the inner harbor is large. The latter case has a transverse mode in the outer basin and hence only berths in the outer basin are influenced. These features are both consistent with field measurement. Therefore, it is very likely that edge waves are responsible for the resonance of Hua-Lien Harbor. Finally, based on observation after the construction of the present offshore breakwaters, a theory is proposed to explain the trapping of incident edge waves, and a measure to further reduce the resonance is discussed.  相似文献   

海南东寨港红树林湿地生态功能评价   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

辛琨  黄星  张淑萍 《湿地科学与管理》2008,4(4):28-31

红树林湿地具有强大的功能,定量评价有利于更好地认识和重视其生态功能。通过野外实验、收集资料、发放问卷等方式获得基础数据,运用各种生态经济学方法,对东寨港红树林生态系统的物质生产功能、净化功能、气体调节功能、土壤保持功能、旅游功能和生物多样性保持功能进行了评价,各项功能总和为374．89×10^6元,单位面积功能为18．2万元／hm^2。  相似文献   

Nematode response to metal, PAHs and organic enrichment in tourist marinas of the mediterranean sea   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

M. Moreno  G. Albertelli  M. Fabiano 《Marine pollution bulletin》2009,58(8):1192-1201

The structure of nematode assemblages was investigated in the sediments of two different tourist marinas in the Mediterranean Sea and related to pollution variables. Nematode densities and generic compositions were determined, as were concentrations of heavy metals, PAHs and organic matter. Results showed different assemblages at the two marinas, with a dominance of the genera Paralongicyatholaimus and Daptonema. Significant correlations between nematodes and concentrations of environmental contaminants were found. In particular, Paralongicyatholaimus showed a significant negative correlation with Cu concentrations and was almost absent at the stations where higher Cu concentrations were found. The presence of sensitive/tolerant nematode genera represents a promising tool to identify areas subjected to a higher level of disturbance and to define the correct environmental management strategy for harbors.  相似文献   

Total body burden and tissue distribution of polyfluorinated compounds in harbor seals (Phoca vitulina) from the German Bight   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Lutz Ahrens  Ursula Siebert 《Marine pollution bulletin》2009,58(4):520-525

Total body burden and tissue distribution of polyfluorinated compounds (PFCs) were investigated in harbor seals (Phoca vitulina) from the German Bight in 2007. A total number of 18 individual PFCs from the following groups could be quantified in the different tissues: perfluorinated carboxylic acids (PFCAs) and perfluorinated sulfonates (PFSAs) and their precursors perfluorinated sulfinates (PFSiAs), perfluorinated sulfonamides, and sulfonamido ethanols. Perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS) was the predominant compound in all measured seal tissues (up to 1665 ng g⁻¹ wet weight in liver tissue). The dominant PFCAs were perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA) and perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDA), but their concentrations were much lower compared to PFOS. The mean whole body burden in harbor seals of all detected PFCs was estimated to be 2665 ± 1207 μg absolute. The major amount of the total PFCs burden in the bodies was in blood (38%) and liver (36%), followed by muscle (13%), lung (8%), kidney (2%), blubber (2%), heart (1%), brain (1%), thymus (<0.01%) and thyroid (<0.01%). These data suggest large differences in body burden and accumulation pattern of PFCs in marine mammals.  相似文献   

Contamination of harbor sediments in the eastern Gulf of Finland (Neva Bay), Baltic Sea     

S. M. Ussenkov 《Environmental Geology》1997,32(4):274-280

 The areal distribution of oil products and various trace metals have been studied in bottom surface deposits from the harbors of Neva Bay. The data of contents were normalized to natural background concentrations. Also the size and biomass of benthos groups were analyzed. The results show clearly that industrial discharges have elevated levels of contamination in the sediments. Few efficient measures against environmental contamination have been taken. The sediments contain very high concentrations of oil products and such heavy metals as Hg, Pb, Cu, and Zn. The benthic organisms most sensitive to heavy metal contamination are Chironomidae. The dredging and dumping of the contaminated deposits can lead to secondary contamination of the Gulf of Finland and the Baltic proper. Received: 18 November 1996 · Accepted: 17 March 1997  相似文献