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刘建国 《中国海洋湖沼学报》1999,(3)
INTRODUCTIONMicroalgalbiotechnologyhasattractedmoreandmoretheinterestofscientistsandpeopleex ploitingitscommercialpossibilitiesasitisthebiotechnologythatcanmatchbacterialbiotechnologyinthecomingcenturyintheaspectofeconomicreturnoninvestment.Dunaliellasalinaisoneofthemostdetailedlystudiedunicellulargreenalgae,hassomeuniquescientificvalues,andgreatestpotentialformasscultureasafoodsource ,andisrichestalgalsourceofglycerolandβ carotene(Borowitaka,1 988;Ginzburg,1 987) .Optimizingperformanceo… 相似文献
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Axenic cultures of the microalgae species, Dunaliella tertiolecta and Phaeodactylum tricornutum were grown at arsenic (As) concentrations typically found in uncontaminated marine environments ( 2 µg L− 1) under different phosphorus concentrations. D. tertiolecta accumulated higher arsenic concentrations (mean: 13.7 ± 0.7 µg g− 1 dry mass) than P. tricornutum (mean: 1.9 ± 0.2 µg g−1 dry mass). Media phosphorus concentrations (0.6–3 mg/L) had little influence on microalgae growth rates or arsenic accumulation. Arsenic was present as lipid bound (29–38%; 4.2–9.5%), water-soluble (20–29%; 26–34%) and residue bound (41–45%; 57–69%) arsenic species in D. tertiolecta and P. tricornutum respectively. Hydrolysed lipids contained mostly glycerol arsenoribose (OH- ribose), dimethylarsinate (DMA) and inorganic arsenic (As(V)) moieties. Water-soluble species of microalgae were very different. D. tertiolecta contained inorganic arsenic (54–86%) with variable amounts of DMA (7.4–20%), arsenoriboses (5–25%) and traces of methylarsonate (MA) ( 1%). P. tricornutum contained mostly DMA (32–56%) and phosphate arsenoribose (PO4-ribose, 23–49%) and small amounts of OH-ribose (3.8–6.5%) and As(V) (9–16%). Both microalgae contained an unknown cationic arsenic species. The residue fractions of both microalgae contained predominately inorganic arsenic (99–100%). These results show that at natural seawater arsenic concentrations, both algae take up substantial amounts of inorganic arsenic that is complexed with structural elements or sequestered in vacuoles as stable complexes. A significant portion is also incorporated into lipids. Arsenic is metabolised to simple methylated species and arsenoriboses. 相似文献
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重金属胁迫对杜氏盐藻生长及叶绿素荧光特性的影响 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
研究了杜氏盐藻Dunaliella salina在不同浓度的Cu2+、Zn2+、Cd2+等重金属离子胁迫一段时间(24、48、72和96 h)后,叶绿素荧光特性的变化情况。测定的主要参数有:PSII的最大光能转化效率(Fv/Fm)、PSII的潜在活性(Fv/Fo)、PSII的实际光能转化效率(Yield)、相对光合电子传递效率(rETR)、光化学淬灭(qP)和非光化学淬灭(NPQ)。研究结果表明,当Cu2+浓度范围在600~800μmol/L时,杜氏盐藻的Fv/Fm、Fv/Fo、Yield、rETR和qP均明显降低,NPQ变化不规律,随着胁迫时间的延长,除qP在96 h时有所上升外,各荧光参数均逐渐降低;Zn2+胁迫下Fv/Fm、Fv/Fo、Yield和rETR随着浓度的增加而降低,NPQ先下降后上升,qP仅在Zn2+浓度范围(800~3200μmol/L)下明显下降,随着胁迫时间的延长,各荧光参数均逐渐降低;Cd2+胁迫下各荧光参数均明显下降,随着胁迫时间的延长,Fv/Fm、Fv/Fo和NPQ先下降后上升,在48 h时达到最低值,Yield、rETR和qP均逐渐降低。在3种重金属离子胁迫下,细胞密度和叶绿素相对含量也显著降低。根据3种重金属离子的半抑制浓度(EC50),其毒性大小顺序为Cu2+Cd2+Zn2+。 相似文献
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Flagella, the basic locomotive organ in algae, as well as bacteria and some cells of animals or high plants, would be damaged
in the well stirred mass culture due to the strong forces caused by the fast mixing impellers. The dynamic regeneration of
the flagella in deflagellatedDunaliella salina was studied microscopically by using a bench-top flat-bottom photobioreactor. The results showed that 90 minutes was necessary
for the repair of flagella, after which half of the cells became motile as their flagella generated within 120 minutes and
nearly all of the cells could swim freely within 180 minutes.
Contribution No. 3503 from the Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences. 相似文献
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采用紫外线辐射的方法对巴氏杜氏藻(Dunaliella bardawil)进行诱变.经过低温(5±1℃)筛选,得到一耐低温的突变株,命名为Dunaliella bardawilvar.L-5 Zhou&Liu(简称L-5).研究表明,在5±1℃光照培养箱中光强1 100 lx培养57 d,L-5仍继续处于对数生长期,而对照组早已进入生长平衡期,此时L-5藻细胞密度为对照的2.59倍.蛋白质SDS-PAGE电泳表明,在大约36和158 kDa处L-5比对照各多出一条新的蛋白带,同时在大约27和29 kDa处L-5出现比对照高得多的两条蛋白表达带.RAPD分析表明两者的遗传相似系数为0.768.由此作者初步认为L-5确为一耐低温的杜氏藻突变株. 相似文献
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盐度变化对杜氏盐藻的游离氨基酸和脂肪酸含量的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
研究了盐度对杜氏盐藻(Dunaliella salina)的生理生化效应。结果表明该藻适于生活在盐度为6-7倍海水的试验水中(海水盐度为33．5)。在此盐度中其光合速率、细胞增长速率、光合色素增长速率,游离氨基酸总量及多聚不饱和脂肪酸总量均高于生活在其它盐度的藻。 相似文献
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为深入认识滨海盐田功能,研究梳理了国内外滨海盐田价值的相关研究进展。广泛总结认为:盐田的经济价值包括原盐生产、苦卤化工(钾镁盐等的提取)、水产养殖饵料生产(卤虫成虫及卤虫卵)、生物技术提取β-胡萝卜素等方面,盐田生态系统的维持促进了原盐的顺利结晶;盐田的生态价值则主要体现在为海岸鸟类提供栖息地,例如觅食、筑巢繁殖以及休憩等。本研究有益于未来深入研究盐田功能以及更好地保护滨海盐田。 相似文献
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海水小球藻脂肪酸组成研究 总被引：17，自引：1，他引：16
“Ｍａｒｉｎｅ’,Ｃｈｌｏｒｅｌｌａ,俗称海水小球藻,是水产养殖中一种常用的饵料微藻。其细胞较小,呈卵形或圆形,在形态上与绿藻纲小球藻属中的许多种类极为相似,因而人们常把它与绿藻纲的小球藻混为一谈。为了澄清人们长期以来对海水小球藻的模糊认识,本文对海水小球藻的脂肪酸组成进行了研究,并与盐生杜氏藻（Ｄｕｎａｌｉｅｌｌａ ｓａｌｉｎａ）及一种微绿藻Ｎａｎｎｏｃｈｌｏｒｏｐｓｉｓ ｏｃ－ｕｌａｔａ的脂肪酸组成进行了比较,以明确海水小球藻的分类地位。１材料和方法１．１藻类的培养取刚扩大的海水小球藻和盐生… 相似文献