Extended Kalman filter for material parameter estimation in nonlinear structural finite element models using direct differentiation method          下载免费PDF全文

Hamed Ebrahimian  Rodrigo Astroza  Joel P. Conte 《地震工程与结构动力学》2015,44(10):1495-1522

This paper presents a novel nonlinear finite element (FE) model updating framework, in which advanced nonlinear structural FE modeling and analysis techniques are used jointly with the extended Kalman filter (EKF) to estimate time‐invariant parameters associated to the nonlinear material constitutive models used in the FE model of the structural system of interest. The EKF as a parameter estimation tool requires the computation of structural FE response sensitivities (total partial derivatives) with respect to the material parameters to be estimated. Employing the direct differentiation method, which is a well‐established procedure for FE response sensitivity analysis, facilitates the application of the EKF in the parameter estimation problem. To verify the proposed nonlinear FE model updating framework, two proof‐of‐concept examples are presented. For each example, the FE‐simulated response of a realistic prototype structure to a set of earthquake ground motions of varying intensity is polluted with artificial measurement noise and used as structural response measurement to estimate the assumed unknown material parameters using the proposed nonlinear FE model updating framework. The first example consists of a cantilever steel bridge column with three unknown material parameters, while a three‐story three‐bay moment resisting steel frame with six unknown material parameters is used as second example. Both examples demonstrate the excellent performance of the proposed parameter estimation framework even in the presence of high measurement noise. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Evaluation of ecosystem services: A case study in the middle reach of the Heihe River Basin,Northwest China     

《Physics and Chemistry of the Earth》2015

Ecosystem services evaluation aims at understanding the status of ecosystem services on different spatial and temporal scale. In this paper, we selected the middle reach of the Heihe River Basin (HRB), which is the second largest inland river basin in China, as one of the typical area to estimate the ecosystem services values (ESVs) corresponding to the land use changes. Based on the land use data and ecosystem service value coefficients, the total ecosystem services values (TESVs) of the middle reach of the HBR are quantitatively calculated, which were 9.244 × 108, 9.099 × 108, 9.131 × 108 and 9.146 × 108 USD in 1988, 2000, 2005 and 2008 respectively. During 1988–2008, the decrease of grassland, forest land, water area and unused land contributed 148.94%, 57.85%, 87.87% and 16.42% respectively to the net loss of TESVs, while the dramatic increase of cultivated land improved the TESVs with contribution of −211.08% to the net loss of TESVs. Expansion of cultivated land, which especially caused the loss of grassland and forest land, directly exerted negative impacts on the provision of ecosystem services in the study area. The findings of this research indicated that land use change was an important form of human activities, which had a strong impact on ecosystem services.  相似文献   

Spartina alterniflora Invasion Alters Carbon Exchange and Soil Organic Carbon in Eastern Salt Marsh of China          下载免费PDF全文

Lingyan Zhou  Shenglai Yin  Shuqing An  Wen Yang  Qi Deng  Dong Xie  Haiting Ji  Yan Ouyang  Xiaoli Cheng 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2015,43(4):569-576

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岩溶地区生态系统养分平衡研究   总被引：7，自引：2，他引：5  

姚长宏  杨桂芳  蒋忠诚  袁道先 《中国岩溶》2001,20(1):41-46

以岩溶地区生态系统中养分储存和运移为中心,综合研究了矿物分化、大气降水而引起的养分输入,淋溶流失、水土流失造成的养分输出,以及与生物导致的养分内部循环之间的相互作用和相互联系;讨论了岩溶生态系统养分的流入、保持和流失之间的平衡,并以桂林丫吉村岩溶试验场为例建立系统内各养分体系之间的反馈网络模型。   相似文献   

青岛市雾天细菌气溶胶群落结构特征及健康风险     

张婷  王太恒  祁建华  李先国  张大海 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2022,52(3):117-123

本文于2020年7—9月采集雾天和晴天生物气溶胶样品,利用高通量测序和BugBase基因功能预测,评估了雾天细菌气溶胶群落特征及潜在健康风险.结果表明,雾天可操作分类单元(OTUs)、物种多样性及丰富度均低于晴天,组内亲缘复杂度高于晴天.罗尔斯通氏菌、短杆菌、丙酸菌和短波单胞菌是雾天优势细菌属,雾天微生物几乎来源于本土...  相似文献   

重庆秀山西北部农田土壤重金属生态健康风险评价   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

鲍丽然  邓海  贾中民  李瑜  董金秀  严明书  张风雷 《中国地质》2020,47(6):1625-1636

为了解矿业活动较多的重庆秀山县西北部农田土壤重金属污染状况,采集了表层土壤样品386件,分析测定As、Cd、Cr、Cu、Hg、Ni、Pb、Zn、Mn等9种重金属元素,采用地累积指数法、潜在生态危害指数法和健康风险评估模型,对该区土壤重金属污染程度、生态风险和健康风险进行评估。结果表明,该区农田土壤9种重金属平均值都高于重庆市土壤背景值,呈现不同程度的积累;Cd、Hg明显超出国家农用地土壤污染风险筛选值,超标率分别为75.2%和44.6%。土壤中Hg污染较严重,处于中污染或重污染状态,Mn、As、Cd总体呈轻污染,其余重金属基本无污染。生态风险评价显示,Hg、Cd为主要生态危害元素,Hg以强、很强和极强风险为主,Cd以中等风险为主。人体健康风险评价显示,儿童更易受到重金属污染威胁,重金属对成人不具有非致癌风险,对儿童具有非致癌风险,As、Cr是主要非致癌因子;成人致癌风险在可接受范围内,个别土壤样对儿童具有致癌风险,As致癌风险最大。  相似文献   

Observational information on a temperate reef community helps understanding the marine climate and ecosystem shift of the 1980–90s     

Giulia Gatti  Carlo Nike Bianchi  Monica Montefalcone  Sara Venturini  Giovanni Diviacco  Carla Morri 《Marine pollution bulletin》2017,114(1):528-538

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Excess seawater nutrients,enlarged algal symbiont densities and bleaching sensitive reef locations: 2. A regional-scale predictive model for the Great Barrier Reef,Australia     

Scott A. Wooldridge  Scott F. Heron  Jon E. Brodie  Terence J. Done  Itsara Masiri  Saskia Hinrichs 《Marine pollution bulletin》2017,114(1):343-354

A spatial risk assessment model is developed for the Great Barrier Reef (GBR, Australia) that helps identify reef locations at higher or lower risk of coral bleaching in summer heat-wave conditions. The model confirms the considerable benefit of discriminating nutrient-enriched areas that contain corals with enlarged (suboptimal) symbiont densities for the purpose of identifying bleaching-sensitive reef locations. The benefit of the new system-level understanding is showcased in terms of: (i) improving early-warning forecasts of summer bleaching risk, (ii) explaining historical bleaching patterns, (iii) testing the bleaching-resistant quality of the current marine protected area (MPA) network (iv) identifying routinely monitored coral health attributes, such as the tissue energy reserves and skeletal growth characteristics (viz. density and extension rates) that correlate with bleaching resistant reef locations, and (v) targeting region-specific water quality improvement strategies that may increase reef-scale coral health and bleaching resistance.  相似文献   

Linking human-biophysical interactions with the trophic status of Dal Lake,Kashmir Himalaya,India     

《Limnologica》2017

The study analyses the long-term biophysical and demographic changes in Dal lake, located in the heart of Srinagar city, Kashmir India, using a repository of historical, remote sensing, socio-economic and water quality data supported by the extensive field observations. The lake faces multiple pressures from the unplanned urbanization, high population growth, nutrient load from intensive agriculture and tourism. The data showed that the lake has shrunk from 31 km² in 1859–24 km² in 2013. Significant changes were observed in the land use and land cover (LULC) within the lake (1859–2013) and in the vicinity of the lake (1962–2013). Analysis of the demographic data indicates that the human population within the lake has shown more than double the national growth rate. Additionally, 7 important water quality parameters from 82 well distributed sites across the lake were analyzed and compared with the past data to determine the historical changes in the water quality from 1971 to 2014. The changes in the LULC and demography have adversely affected the pollution status of this pristine lake. Ortho-phosphate phosphorous concentration has increased from 16.75 μg L⁻¹ in 1977–45.78 μg L⁻¹ in 2014 and that of the nitrate-nitrogen from 365 μg L⁻¹ to 557 μg L⁻¹, indicating nutrient enrichment of the lake over the years. Built-up area within the lake has increased 40 times since 1859, which, together with the changes in the population and settlements, have led to the high discharge of untreated nutrient-rich sewage into the lake. Similarly the expansion of floating gardens within the lake and agriculture lands in the catchment has contributed to the increased nutrient load into the lake due to the increasing use of fertilizers. The information about the existing land cover, demography and water quality was integrated and analyzed in GIS environment to identify the trophic status of the lake. The analysis indicated that 32% of the lake falls under sever degradation, 48% under medium degradation while as 20% of the lake waters are relatively clean. It is believed that the results provide improved knowledge and insights about the lake health and causal factors of its degradation necessary for effectively restoring its ecological and hydrological functionality.  相似文献   

Bioaccumulation of Potentially Toxic Elements in Cereal and Legume Crops: A Review     

《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2017,45(12)

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