海产贝类DNA提取及PCR扩増     

王桂雲  朱志祥 《海洋科学集刊》1997,(39):85-89

本文报道海产贝类DNA提取方法及PCR扩增。采用随机引物N01-20共获得391个片段。其中皱纹盘鮑2个个体,产生65个片段,在501-2818bp间;毛蚶3个个体,产生76个片段，在398-2818bp间;四角蛤蜊3个个体,产生154个片段,在562-3311bp间;中国蛤蜊2个个体，产生96个片段,在478-3311bp间。通过比较分析,可见海产贝类有丰富的遗传多态现象,RAPD技术可用于海产贝类的分类及系统演化关系探讨等领域。  相似文献   

深海沉积物中微量DNA的提取及应用   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5       下载免费PDF全文

赵晶  张锐  林念炜  曾润颖 《海洋与湖沼》2003,34(3):313-321

采用化学裂解和酶解相结合的方法，进行了深海沉积物中微量DNA的提取，并采用DNA吸附树脂进行纯化。结果表明，该方法能有效地去除沉积物中的腐殖酸等抑制剂，每克湿重沉积物样品可得到DNA约16μg，回收率可达95％，所得到的DNA分子片段均在23kb左右，纯化后的DNA可直接应用于各种分子生物学操作。利用细菌16SrDNA通用引物对所提取的深海沉积物DNA进行了PCR—RRJ及系统发育分析，各主要细菌类群均能检出，证实该方法可以应用于深海等极端环境中微生物的多样性调查、系统发育分析以及特殊功能基因的筛选，同时还可应用于环境样品中生物量的半定量估计。  相似文献   

DNA分子标记技术在海带遗传育种研究中的应用     

刘岩  崔建洲  申雪艳  刘涛  宫庆礼 《海洋湖沼通报》2006,200(1):75-81

本文系统地介绍了部分常用的DNA分子标记技术,并结合我国海带养殖情况阐述了遗传标记技术在海带及大型海藻遗传育种中的应用。  相似文献   

Diatom production in the marine environment: implications for larval fish growth and condition   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

St. John  M. A.; Clemmesen  C.; Lund  T.; Koster  T. 《ICES Journal of Marine Science》2001,58(5):1106-1113

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红树林真菌K23代谢产物及咔啉与DNA的作用研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

宋晓虹  刘晓红  林永成 《热带海洋学报》2004,23(3):66-71

从中国南海红树林K23号真菌的培养液中分离得到多个代谢产物，其中腺苷、3，4-二氢-3，5-二甲基-8-羟基-1H-2-苯并吡喃-1-酮和β-咔啉为首次从海洋真菌中分离得到。研究了β-咔啉与小牛胸腺嘧啶DNA(CT DNA)的相互作用。试验结果表明，β-咔啉分子与CT DNA发生了相互作用。从分子水平上探讨了β-咔啉具有抗癌活性的机理。  相似文献   

太平洋牡蛎( Crassostrea gigas )不同组织DNA相对含量及细胞周期的分析   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

丁君  常亚青  王子臣  宋坚  胡秀媛  王延斌 《海洋科学进展》2003,21(2):203-208

以太平洋牡蛎(Crassostrea gigas)为试验材料,应用流式细胞仪分别测定常温下(16℃)和0℃低温下鳃、外套膜、性腺(包括2个取样部位)的DNA相对含量并分析各组织细胞周期各时相的差异.试验结果表明,常温下(16℃)牡蛎不同组织DNA相对含量的顺序依次为性腺取样部位2＞外套膜＞鳃＞性腺取样部位1,性腺取样部位1的DNA含量低于前三者(P＜0.05);在0℃低温处理后,牡蛎各组织的DNA含量有所下降,随着低温处理时间的延长,鳃组织的DNA含量变化不显著(P＞0.05),外套膜的DNA含量显著减少(P＜0.01),性腺组织的显著增加(P＜0.01);常温下牡蛎各组织细胞停留在G1期时相的比率依次为性腺取样部位2＞鳃＞外套膜＞性腺取样部位1;在0℃低温处理下,鳃与外套膜之间停留在G1期比率差异不显著(P＞0.05),其余各组织间G1期比率差异均极显著(P＜0.01),对于同一部位,随着0℃持续时间不同,鳃、性腺取样部位2处于G1期时相比率的变化不显著(P＞0.05),外套膜和性腺部位1的变化显著;与常温下相比,0℃处理性腺取样部位1,2后,二者停留在G1期时相的比率均显著增加(P＜0.01).  相似文献   

耳壳藻内酯分子合成及其抗肿瘤活性的研究     

张擎  邓宁  贺国安  刘红霞  唐小江 《热带海洋学报》2004,23(3):1-5

采用四甲基偶氮唑盐(MTT)法体外肿瘤细胞株抑制试验，研究耳壳藻内酯合成过程中结构的衍化物和抗肿瘤活性的关系。结果表明．耳壳藻内酯对小鼠肝细胞癌(H22)、小鼠路易斯肺癌(LLC)、人宫颈癌(Hela)和人乳腺癌(MCF-7)有较强的细胞毒性，对正常小鼠胚成纤维(NIH3T3)和人肝细胞(L—02)的毒性较低。酮基内酯对各肿瘤细胞毒性差异较大，对上述正常细胞株的杀伤力也较大。体外结合DNA的研究表明，耳壳藻内酯芳香环上的羟基较酮基内酯上的酮基易于插入DNA分子中．造成DNA分子的断裂和解聚。标记代谢物前体掺入试验表明，耳壳藻内酯能够显著抑制DNA大分子的合成，阻滞肿瘤细胞的生长。推测耳壳藻内酯芳香环上的羟基是影响其抗肿瘤活性的主要官能团。  相似文献   

Loss Processes of Sinking Fecal Pellets of Zooplankton in the Mesopelagic Layers of the Antarctic Marginal Ice Zone     

Hidekatsu Suzuki  Hiroshi Sasaki  Mitsuo Fukuchi 《Journal of Oceanography》2003,59(6):809-818

A time-series sediment trap deployment was carried out in the marginal ice zone (MIZ) of the Antarctic Ocean (64°42′ S, 139°58′E; sea depth of 2930 m), during the austral summer. Cylindrical fecal pellets were the predominant sinking particles at 537 m in the middle of January and most of them disappeared below that depth, the loss of which were 25.3 mg C m⁻² day⁻¹ in the depth range of 537–796 m. Small-sized sinking particles other than fecal pellets increased in that depth range. Analyses of fecal pellets for remnant DNA corresponding to 16S mitochondrial RNA and 28S ribosomal RNA suggested that the large cylindrical fecal pellets at 537 m were produced by Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba) and copepods. According to the presence of the DNA associated with sinking particles, E. superba fecal pellets rapidly disappeared below 537 m, while copepod fecal pellets still remained in the mesopelagic and bathypelagic layers. Small-sized amorphous sinking particles at 537 m also contained E. superba- and copepod-derived DNA. The abundance of trap-collected copepods (Oithona spp. and Oncaea spp.) which are known to be coprophagous increased at 796 m where many fecal pellets disappeared. We suggest that those rapidly sinking pellets were fragmented by copepods with intensified coprorhexy activity (fragmentation of fecal pellets) in the mesopelagic layers, reducing their sinking rates. These smaller and slower sinking particles can be important food sources for detritivorus or coprophagous animals in mesopelagic and bathypelagic layers in the MIZ. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

Habitat and leaf cytogenetic characteristics of Deschampsia antarctica Desv. in the Maritime Antarctica     

I.Yu. Parnikoza  N.Yu. Miryuta  D.N. Maidanyuk  S.A. Loparev  S.G. Korsun  I.G. Budzanivska  T.P. Shevchenko  V.P. Polischuk  V.A. Kunakh  I.A. Kozeretska   《Polar Science》2007,1(2-4):121-128

Antarctic hairgrass (Deschampsia antarctica Desv.) was studied in the Maritime Antarctica with respect to general ecological characteristics, soil conditions, viral contamination, cell nucleus area, and relative DNA content. Material was gathered in six localities that were highly diverse in terms of the nature of soil-like substrata, presence of viral antigen determinants, and the average nucleus area and relative DNA content in leaf epidermis and parenchyma cells. Our results show that Antarctic hairgrass lives upon soils that are variable with respect to trace elements, pH, and other soil characteristics. The hairgrass is susceptible to a number of viruses, and shows substantial variation in DNA content and nucleus size.  相似文献   

Beringia as an Ice Age genetic museum     

Beth ShapiroAlan Cooper 《Quaternary Research》2003,60(1):94-100

Thousands of Late Pleistocene remains are found in sites throughout Beringia. These specimens comprise an Ice Age genetic museum, and the DNA contained within them provide a means to observe evolutionary processes within populations over geologically significant time scales. Phylogenetic analyses can identify the taxonomic positions of extinct species and provide estimates of speciation dates. Geographic and temporal divisions apparent in the genetic data can be related to ecological change, human impacts, and possible landscape mosaics in Beringia. The application of ancient DNA techniques to traditional paleontological studies provides a new perspective to long-standing questions regarding the paleoenvironment and diversity of Late Pleistocene Beringia.  相似文献