风影响夏季长江冲淡水扩展的数值模拟研究   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

刘宝超  李建平  冯立成 《海洋学报》2013,35(1):25-37

基于EFDC(Environmental Fluid Dynamics Code)数值模式建立了长江口及其邻近海域的三维水动力学模型,用于研究风对夏季长江冲淡水扩展的影响。基于实测资料的验证结果表明,模型能够比较真实的反映潮汐、海流、温度和盐度的变化过程。敏感性试验的结果显示,风对夏季长江冲淡水的扩展有着非常显著的影响。在Ekman输送的作用下,长江冲淡水将向风向的右侧扩展。5 m/s风速下,东风、东南风、南风和西南风4个风向下的冲淡水明显向外海扩展,而西风、西北风、北风和东北风下的冲淡水都被限制在近岸水域。Ekman输送的强度随风速增强而增强,冲淡水向风向右侧的扩展也越来越明显。舌轴区因为层结明显,湍流活动相对较弱,对风能量的耗散相对较小,所以相同的风速增量对舌轴区表层水的加速作用最强,这导致更多的淡水经由舌轴区输送,使得淡水舌宽度随风速的增加而变窄。对长江口海域表面风的气候统计分析表明,上述数值试验结果能够很好的解释气候态下长江冲淡水扩展方向与表面风变化的关系。  相似文献   

海南岛南渡江河口的盐水入侵   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

赵军鹏  龚文平  王道儒 《海洋学报》2013,35(5):14-28

南渡江是海南岛最大的河流,河口长度较短(约25 km),口外濒临琼州海峡。南渡江的盐水入侵近年来呈加剧趋势,急需对其过程与机理进行研究。本研究运用FVCOM模型,采用2009年枯季的实测数据对模型进行了验证。根据模型计算结果分析了枯季和洪季南渡江河口的流速和盐度的时空分布及盐水入侵的变化,探讨了河口不同位置驱动盐分向陆输运的机制。研究结果表明:枯季小潮时的河口环流强度大于大潮时,而洪季河口环流在大潮时更加发育,洪枯季都表现出大潮期的盐度分层(表底层盐度差)大于小潮期;口门附近,潮汐振荡输运在总的向陆盐分输运通量中占主导,而向上游方向,稳定剪切输运则表现得更重要。主河道内损失的盐分主要通过海甸溪的盐分输入进行补充。  相似文献   

垂直分辨率对长江口海域M₂分潮模拟的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

刘宝超  李建平  冯立成 《海洋学报》2013,35(4):19-28

基于EFDC(Environmental Fluid Dynamics Code)模式建立了长江口及其邻近海域的三维水动力学模型, 研究模型的垂直分辨率对该海域M₂分潮模拟的影响。结果表明:垂直分辨率的变化对M₂分潮传播方向的模拟结果影响较小, 但其可通过底摩擦和湍流耗散两个计算过程来影响潮能通量的模拟结果, 最终对长江口和杭州湾内的M₂分潮振幅产生显著的影响。最底层厚度较大时, 上层自由水体的高流速特征在最底层过于明显, 进而导致计算的底摩擦应力偏高, 此时提高底层的垂直分辨率会降低底摩擦对能量的耗散。另一方面, 垂直湍流混合作用会随垂直分辨率的增加而增强, 所以垂直分辨率增加到一定程度后, 上层自由水体的高流速会经由增强的湍流混合而更多的传入底层, 使计算的底摩擦应力随垂直分辨率的提高而有重新增加的趋势, 进而又增强底摩擦对潮能的耗散。  相似文献   

中国大陆海岸线近30 a的时空变化分析   总被引：8，自引：5，他引：3  

高义  王辉  苏奋振  刘桂梅 《海洋学报》2013,35(6):31-42

基于遥感和地理信息系统的方法与技术,以1980、1990、2000和2010年4个时期为特征年,对近30年来我国大陆海岸线时空变化特征进行了分析研究。结果显示:（1）海岸类型转化显著,人工岸线所占比例由1980年的24.6%上升到2010年的56.1%;（2）海岸线变化呈现显著区域特征,变化较剧烈的区域集中在珠江口岸段、长江口-杭州湾岸段、海州湾-吕四段、滦河口-潍河口段及辽河口-葫芦岛港段;（3）3个时期相比,海岸开发由早期的围垦养殖向后期的城镇建设和海洋运输开发方式转变,并且这种转换方式在南方早于北方。  相似文献   

Seasonal variations of particulate silicon in the Changjiang (Yangtze River) Estuary and its adjacent area     

CAO Lu  LIU Sumei  REN Jingling 《海洋学报(英文版)》2013,32(4):1-10

Temporal and spatial distribution of biogenic (BSi) and lithogenic (LSi) silica were studied in the Changjiang (Yangtze River) Estuary and its adjacent area. The annual average BSi and LSi concentrations were (1.71 ± 1.79) μmol/L and (0.56 ± 1.41) mmol/L, respectively. Both BSi and LSi were high in the inshore areas, where they received terrigenous discharge from the Changjiang, and decreased towards the offshore region. BSi and LSi were most abundant at the near bottom layer due to the high sedimentation rates and resuspension of sediment. Diatom blooms occurred in summer with high Chl a concentration in the surface layer, which induced that BSi in the surface layer during summer was obviously higher than that in the surface layer of other seasons. LSi concentration was maximal in autumn and spring and minimum in summer, associated with the seasonal variation of SPM values. Drifting investigation and mesocosm experiments were conducted during dinoflagellate bloom, aiming to understand the effect of nutrients on BSi by changing the phytoplankton composition. The results show that the low dissolved inorganic phosphorus concentration and high molar ratio of N/P (dissolved inorganic nitrogen vs. dissolved inorganic phosphorus), were the important factors for decreasing diatom biomass in the study area, and it would subsequently decrease the BSi concentration in aquatic ecosystem.  相似文献   

Impact of the slope angle of hummocks on the ride-up of finger ice in the Liaohe Estuary     

KONG Xiangpeng  CHEN Naxin 《海洋学报(英文版)》2013,32(8):12-15

The ride-up and pile-up of sea ice have effects on the ice load of marine structure. The ride-up angle is an important parameter to study the process of ride-up and to determine the possibility of the ride-up to occur. Some conclusions about the ride-up angle are drawn based on field-survey data in this paper. Thirty hummocks with full structure, formed by 0.4-1.6 cm ice layers, were investigated in the Liaohe Estuary of the north of Liaodong Bay. After analyzing the cross-sections of the pile-up body, some conclusions on the ride-up angle are reached. The results indicate that whether the ride-up occurs or not is associated with the slope angle of the hummock. If the slope angle is greater than 10.31° , the ride-up can take place. With the development of riding-up and piling-up, if the slope angle increases to 40.0° , the climbing-up process will stop and the drifting ice begins to accumulate in front of the hummock. The climbing process does not continue until a new slope angle, which is less than 28.0° , is formed. Meanwhile, the forming process of hummocks, which aremade up of 10.0 cmor 22.0 cmice layers, is proved to follow the rule.  相似文献   

Activity levels of 210Po and 210Pb in some fish species of the Izmir Bay (Aegean Sea)     

S. Aközcan  A. Uğur 《Marine pollution bulletin》2013,66(1-2):234-238

We investigated the spatial scales of variation of macrofauna in intertidal flats subjected to different levels of contamination from urban effluents in two areas sampled in the Paranaguá Estuarine Complex. The scales considered were: Conditions; Tidal flats and Plots. Although the numerically dominant taxa showed the greatest variability at a scale of Tidal flats, the variability at the Condition scale was also significant. Tubificinae sp. 1, Laeonereis culveri and Heteromastus sp. were the most abundant organisms in the Contaminated area, while Heleobia australis was most abundant in the Non-contaminated area. Our results, contrary to those frequently observed in the literature, showed that the variability was significant at the scale of hundreds of metres (Tidal flats). At this scale, the intrinsic characteristics of each tidal flat are more important in determining macrofaunal distribution, while the effects of the urban sewage contamination represent the primary forces acting at a greater spatial scale.  相似文献   

Tidal and Fluvial Influence on Shallow Groundwater Fluctuation in Coastal Wetlands in Yellow River Delta,China     

Zhaoqing Luan  Wei Deng 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2013,41(6):534-538

In coastal wetland, groundwater is influenced by both tidal processes and land hydrological processes. To study the influences of tidal processes and river runoff on the shallow groundwater dynamic in coastal wetland of the Yellow River Delta, surface and shallow groundwater depth were monitored. It was found that in the east part of the study area where close to the shoreline, surface is characteristic of obvious periodicity, the fluctuation of surface water was mainly controlled by tidal processes. As to the shallow groundwater, fluctuation of water depth is also influenced by the tidal process and has obvious periodicity similar to the surface water. In the north part of the study area, the shallow groundwater is mainly influenced by the Yellow River runoff. The influence distance of tidal processes and river runoff on shallow groundwater system is 14 700 and 11 600 m, respectively.  相似文献   

黄河口受石油烃渗漏影响植被的高光谱检测方法研究     

任广波  张杰  吴培强  马毅 《海岸工程》2014,(3):26-35

以黄河口为研究区,应用现场和HJ-1高光谱遥感数据,开展了植被受石油烃渗漏影响的高光谱检测方法研究。选择了常用于判别植被受石油烃渗漏污染的红边蓝移指数 REP_blue、土壤含氧量相关指数 CTR和叶绿素敏感指数CHL ,通过分析研究区主要植被芦苇和柽柳地物光谱和HJ-1高光谱影像中同位置像元光谱,对3种指数在研究区的有效性进行了评价。基于在图像像元光谱检测中表现较好的指数,提出了一种针对 HJ-1高光谱遥感影像的受石油烃渗漏影响植被检测方法。结果表明,3种指数对于油井旁植被现场光谱的检出效果均好于图像光谱,同时,相比于其它两种指数,CHL指数的检出效果较差;应用发展的受石油烃渗漏污染影响植被检测指数,对覆盖研究区的 HJ-1高光谱遥感影像进行了检测,发现检测结果中71．1％的位置附近存在油井,说明该方法具有一定的检测能力。  相似文献   

基于高光谱传感器的长江口表层悬浮泥沙质量浓度光谱曲线特征研究#br#          下载免费PDF全文

栾奎峰  徐航  潘与佳  李慧  张鹏  裘诚  朱卫东  冯贵平 《海洋学研究》2022,40(1):64-71

悬浮泥沙质量浓度（SSC）是我国河口水体研究的重要水质参数之一,遥感测定SSC是一种重要的方法。为了研究遥感光谱数据和表层悬浮泥沙质量浓度（SSSC）之间的定量梯度关系,本文采集了长江口南汇嘴附近的表层沉积物,定量设计了SSSC的梯度变化值,利用ASD高光谱仪对不同质量浓度含沙水体进行了光学特性测量。结果表明,随着SSSC的增加,水体的光谱反射率曲线具有相似的形态,但也存在一定的差异。当SSSC<36.59 mg/L时,光谱曲线仅在560～580 nm之间有1个反射峰;当SSSC>52.69 mg/L时,光谱曲线第一反射峰位于570～710 nm,并在近红外波段780～820 nm处出现第二反射峰。光谱曲线第一峰值区间存在明显的“红移”现象,且波长的“红移”变化与SSSC的线性拟合R²达到0.91,说明两者呈较强的线性相关性。在400～900 nm光谱范围内,600～860 nm波段对0～200 mg/L范围内的SSSC变化较敏感且比较稳定,740～900 nm波段对>200 mg/L的SSSC的变化具有更强的响应能力。  相似文献