地物反射光谱对MODIS近红外波段水汽反演影响的模拟分析   总被引：14，自引：1，他引：14  

王伟民  孙晓敏  张仁华  唐新斋  朱治林 《遥感学报》2005,9(1):8-15

在近红外辐射传输方程的基础上,利用近红外波段水汽的不同吸收属性,在MODTRAN的模拟下,深入分析了基于MODIS近红外数据的可降水汽反演算法,并着重讨论了地物反射光谱非线性在可降水汽反演中的影响。研究结果显示,当波段间反射率之比不等于1时,MODIS近红外波段反演水汽将存在较大偏差。同时,在地物光谱库基础上,计算了不同地物反射率比值,其分布表明,大部分地物波段反射率比值不等于1。研究表明,应用现有MODIS近红外波段水汽反演算法,如果不考虑地表反射率光谱变化的影响,由地表反射光谱造成的误差最大约为反射率比值与1偏差的15倍,同时,这一误差还与大气波段透过率之比有关。  相似文献   

Target Deployment and Retrieval Using JIAOLONG Manned Submersible in the Depth of 6600 m in Mariana Trench     

GAO Xiang  DING Kang  REN Yu-gang  FU Wen-tao  DING Zhong-jun  ZHAO Sheng-y  LIU Bao-hua 《海洋工程》2017,31(5):618-623

China''s 7000 m manned submersible JIAOLONG carried out an exploration cruise at the Mariana Trench from June to July 2016. The submersible completed nine manned dives on the north and south area of the Mariana Trench from the depth of 5500 to 6700 m, to investigate the geological, biological and chemical characteristics in the hadal area. During the cruise, JIAOLONG deployed a gas-tight serial sampler to collect the water near the sea bottom regularly. Five days later, the sub located the sampler in another dive and retrieved it successfully from the same location, which is the first time that scientists and engineers finished the high accuracy in-situ deployment and retrieval using a manned submersible with Ultra-Short Base Line (USBL) positioning system at the depth more than 6600 m. In this task, we used not only the USBL system of the manned submersible but also a compound strategy, including five position marks, the sea floor terrain, the depth contour, and the heading of the sub. This paper introduces the compound strategy of the target deployment and retrieval with the practical diving experience of JIAOLONG, and provides a promising technique for other underwater vehicles such as manned submersible or Remote Operated Vehicle (ROV) under similar conditions.  相似文献   

Dynamo action in the ABC flows using symmetries     

Samuel E. Jones  Andrew D. Gilbert 《地球物理与天体物理流体动力学》2014,108(1):83-116

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ShakeMap在2014年于田7.3级地震快速损失评估中的应用     

刘军  宋立军  温和平  谭明  古丽孜帕 《震灾防御技术》2014,9(1):83-89

本文介绍了2014年2月12日新疆于田Ms7.3级地震的震害特征,将改进的ShakeMap烈度图成功地运用到了于田7.3级地震的快速损失评估中.结果表明,考虑了场地效应的ShakeMap烈度图明显优于当前“十五”应急指挥系统的衰减关系模型的烈度图,能更好地为地震灾害损失评估服务,其快速评估的结果更接近官方公布的数据.因此,应用ShakeMap技术在震害损失快速评估中,能显著地提高评估结果的准确性.  相似文献   

基于RTTOV模式的大气二氧化碳反演参数敏感性分析     

李镜尧  施润和  殷瑞娟 《地球信息科学学报》2014,16(3):443-449

大气二氧化碳是开展全球气候变化和碳循环研究的关键数据。卫星遥感技术与模式模拟相结合的反演方法已成为获取该数据的重要手段,但模式输入参数本身的误差会对大气二氧化碳反演精度产生影响,须在反演算法设计中加以关注。本文利用RTTOV10快速辐射传输模式模拟Aqua/AIRS红外探测仪17个大气二氧化碳反演通道,计算了这些通道上大气顶出射辐射对温度廓线、臭氧廓线、水汽廓线、地表温度和地表发射率的参数误差的不确定性,并与二氧化碳增加0.5%时造成的不确定性进行对比,分析二氧化碳对上述参数误差的敏感性。结果表明,温度廓线误差是干扰AIRS大气二氧化碳反演的主要因素,其次是臭氧廓线误差,而水汽廓线、地表温度和地表发射率的误差对二氧化碳反演的影响在除去个别通道后可忽略不计。最后,本文以通道为单位,确定了各通道上的高敏感参数、敏感参数和不敏感参数,为二氧化碳反演通道的选择和反演算法的设计提供了参考。  相似文献   

林下植被遥感反演研究进展   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

焦桐  ;刘荣高  ;刘洋  ;陈镜明 《地球信息科学学报》2014,16(4):602-608

林下植被在森林生态系统碳、水和营养元素的累积和循环方面有着重要作用与科学意义。多角度、高光谱和激光雷达遥感系统凭借对森林分层结构的敏感性,成为量化林下植被的重要手段。本文综述了森林林下植被的遥感反演研究进展：首先讨论了林下植被的定义,其次对当前林下植被的遥感反演现状作了深入分析,总结了多角度、高光谱和激光雷达遥感观测的森林背景的反射率、林下植被的叶面积指数、高度和覆盖度的遥感反演原理和方法。基于不同卫星观测角度下森林冠层和森林背景对总反射的贡献差异,林下反射率可通过多个角度的观测数据进行反演。此外,借助激光雷达穿透冠层直接观测林下植被的优势,总结了激光点云数据和回波波形信息反演林下植被的覆盖度和高度的方法,以及今后使用遥感技术反演的难点和获取林下植被信息的主要发展方向。  相似文献   

A model for retrieval of dual linear polarization radar fields from model simulation outputs   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

LIU Liping  ZHANG Pengfei  Qin XU  KONG Fanyou  LIU Shun 《大气科学进展》2005,22(5):711-719

An algorithm for retrieving polarimetric variables from numerical model fields is developed. By using this technique, radar reflectivity at horizontal polarization~ differential reflectivity, specific differential phase shift and correlation coefficients between the horizontal and vertical polarization signals at zero lag can be derived from rain, snow and hail contents of numerical model outputs. Effects of environmental temperature and the melting process on polarimetric variables are considered in the algorithm. The algorithm is applied to the Advanced Regional Prediction System （ARPS） model simulation results for a hail storm. The spatial distributions of the derived parameters are reasonable when compared with observational knowledge. This work provides a forward model for assimilation of dual linear polarization radar data into a mesoscale model.  相似文献   

Retrieving atmospheric temperature profiles from AMSU-A data with neural networks   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

YAO Zhigang  CHEN Hongbin  LIN Longfu 《大气科学进展》2005,22(4):606-616

Back propagation neural networks are used to retrieve atmospheric temperature profiles from NOAA-16 Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit-A (AMSU-A) measurements over East Asia. The collocated radiosonde observation and AMSU-A data over land in 2002-2003 are used to train the network, and the data over land in 2004 are used to test the network. A comparison with the multi-linear regression method shows that the neural network retrieval method can significantly improve the results in all weather conditions. When an offset of 0.5 K or a noise level of ±0.2 K is added to all channels simultaneously, the increase in the overall root mean square (RMS) error is less than 0.1 K. Furthermore, an experiment is conducted to investigate the effects of the window channels on the retrieval. The results indicate that the brightness temperatures of window channels can provide significantly useful information on the temperature retrieval near the surface. Additionally, the RMS errors of the profiles retrieved with the trained neural network are compared with the errors from the International Advanced TOVS (ATOVS) Processing Package (IAPP). It is shown that the network-based algorithm can provide much better results in the experiment region and comparable results in other regions. It is also noted that the network can yield remarkably better results than IAPP at the low levels and at about the 250-hPa level in summer skies over ocean. Finally, the network-based retrieval algorithm developed herein is applied in retrieving the temperature anomalies of Typhoon Rananim from AMSU-A data.  相似文献   

Atmospheric profile retrieval with AIRS data and validation at the ARM CART site   总被引：6，自引：1，他引：5  

WU Xuebao  LI Jun  ZHANG Wenjian  WANG Fang 《大气科学进展》2005,22(5):647-654

The physical retrieval algorithm of atmospheric temperature and moisture distribution from the Atmospheric InfraRed Sounder （AIRS） radiances is presented. The retrieval algorithm is applied to AIRS clear-sky radiance measurements. The algorithm employs a statistical retrieval followed by a subsequent nonlinear physical retrieval. The regression coefficients for the statistical retrieval are derived from a dataset of global radiosonde observations （RAOBs） comprising atmospheric temperature, moisture, and ozone profiles. Evaluation of the retrieved profiles is performed by a comparison with RAOBs from the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement （ARM） Program Cloud And Radiation Testbed （CART） in Oklahoma, U. S. A.. Comparisons show that the physically-based AIRS retrievals agree with the RAOBs from the ARM CART site with a Root Mean Square Error （RMSE） of 1K on average for temperature profiles above 850 hPa, and approximately 10% on average for relative humidity profiles. With its improved spectral resolution, AIRS depicts more detailed structure than the current Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite （GOES） sounder when comparing AIRS sounding retrievals with the operational GOES sounding products.  相似文献   

卫星遥感人工增雨作业条件 I: 对流云   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

徐小红  余兴  朱延年  刘贵华  戴进  岳治国 《气候与环境研究》2012,17(6):747-757

利用卫星反演技术和云微物理分析方法,针对云微物理结构和降水形成过程探讨可播性、播撒方式,通过对不同类型对流云分析,归纳出4类可播云系,分析表明:1)重污染深厚对流云,当云底粒子有效半径小于7 μm、凝结增长带深厚、降水启动厚度大于20℃、碰并增长带薄、无雨胚带、晶化温度低于-30℃时,可播撒吸湿性核或播撒AgI.2)强上升冰雹云,若云外型强对流特征明显、各增长带增长缓慢、无雨胚带、晶化温度低于-30℃,且云顶附近存在明显的有效半径减小带,可播撒吸湿性核或播撒AgI.3)强上升强降水对流云,云底滴较大,通常大于10 μm,碰并增长较为充分,晶化温度低,一般低于-30℃,冰晶化延迟明显,冷云降水发展不充分,通过在0℃层附近播撒AgI促进冷云降水.4)污染性浅薄对流云,当云底有效半径小于10 μm、凝结增长带深厚、碰并增长带薄、无雨胚带、云顶有效半径小于14 μm、云厚3～6km,可播撒吸湿性核.  相似文献